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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Science: general issues --- Ecological science, the Biosphere --- ecology --- global change --- models --- allometry --- information theory --- metabolic theory of ecology (MTE) --- population dynamics --- ecology --- global change --- models --- allometry --- information theory --- metabolic theory of ecology (MTE) --- population dynamics

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Souvent qualifiées de poumons de la planète, les forêts tropicales d’Afrique sont soumises à une déforestation et une dégradation de plus en plus intense. Les activités humaines ont mené à une réduction de l’habitat et à un appauvrissement de sa diversité spécifique. Dans un contexte de changements climatiques, ces écosystèmes pourraient perdre leur capacité à stocker le carbone ce qui accélèrerait le dérèglement. Depuis plusieurs décennies, des investissements considérables ont été fournis afin de développer une stratégie de gestion plus durable de la forêt. Toutefois, ces efforts impliquent des contraintes parfois peu compatibles avec la pérennité économique des sociétés forestières d’Afrique centrale. En parallèle, les technologies liées à la télédétection par drone se développent et pourraient apporter aux concessionnaires des solutions efficaces et abordables.
L’objectif général de ce mémoire de fin d’étude est de fournir aux gestionnaires forestiers d’Afrique centrale des pistes de réflexion quant à l’intégration du drone dans leur concession.
A cette fin, une première approche visant à estimer le diamètre des arbres, mesure largement utilisée dans la gestion forestière, a été réalisée dans une zone d’étude de 3 100 hectares au Congo. Les résultats ont permis d’identifier plusieurs modèles de prédiction des diamètres suivant la disponibilité de certains paramètres. Ainsi, la surface convexe des houppiers SHc et l’information de l’espèce des arbres Esp permettent de construire le meilleur modèle (R²aj = 0.756, RMSE% = 12.41%). L’exclusion du paramètre de hauteur approximative H, toutefois inclus dans ce modèle, induit une très légère perte de précision (R²aj = 0.747, RMSE% = 12.63%). Ces résultats ont été agrémentés par une deuxième approche basée sur des entretiens réalisés dans une concession camerounaise certifiée FSC. Ces entretient ont permis d’identifier quelques applications du drone et de caractériser leur niveau de faisabilité, leur rentabilité ainsi que leurs valorisations potentielles dans le cadre de la certification FSC.
Au vu des résultats obtenus, le drone constitue un outil abordable et efficace susceptible d’intervenir dans la plupart des activités liées aux concessions forestières. Des études complémentaires permettront de valider certaines applications évoquées. Il est dès lors recommandé aux gestionnaires de privilégier, dans un premier temps, les pratiques du drone les plus simples et les moins coûteuses. Ceci permettra de produire des résultats rapidement tout en assurant une intégration progressive du drone et des formations qui lui sont associées.

Afrique centrale --- Allométrie --- drone --- forêt tropicale --- concession forestière --- Modèle Numérique de Hauteur --- UAV --- tropical forest --- Central Africa --- forest concession --- Canopy Height Model --- allometry --- Sciences du vivant > Biologie végétale (sciences végétales, sylviculture, mycologie...)

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Plants provide the foundation for the structure and function, as well as interactions, among organisms in both tropical and temperate zone habitats. To date, many investigations have revealed patterns and mechanisms generating plant diversity at various scales and from diverse ecological perspectives. However, in the era of climate change, anthropogenic disturbance, and rapid urbanization, new insights are needed to understand how plant species in these forest habitats are changing and adapting. Investigations of plants in both little-disturbed, more natural environments, as well as in urban areas in which crucial green infrastructure is ever more important for sustaining complex human societies are needed. This Special Issue of Forests will focus on plant variation from the perspectives of morphology, genetics, and function, especially plant interactions with biotic and abiotic factors. Research articles may address any aspect of plant evolution and community phylogenetics (explorations of patterns and mechanisms from diverse organismal levels, e.g., molecular, population, species, community, landscape, and ecosystem), plant functional traits (e.g., nutrient traits of leaf, stem, root; reproductive traits of flower, fruit, seed), and/or responses of plant species to changing environments (e.g., water, atmosphere, soil, human activities). Studies providing quantitative evaluation or description of interactions of plants with animals and microbes, both in natural and urban environments, including terrestrial and aquatic systems, are also welcome.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Forestry & related industries --- Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg. --- HbMad-box genes --- conserved domains --- gene structures --- expression profiles --- stress treatments --- microsatellite locus --- Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium --- genetic differentiation --- breeding population --- artificial selection --- Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. --- transcripts --- transcriptome assembly --- simple sequence repeats --- transcription factors --- cytochrome p450 --- glycotransferases --- metabolic pathway --- grafting --- pecan --- miRNA --- graft union --- sequencing --- edible forest product --- forest biology --- macro-fungi --- non-timber forest products (NTFPs) --- Pan-Pearl River Delta --- allometry --- anatomy --- Polygonatum odoratum --- Polygonatum multiflorum --- shape --- shoot --- endophytes --- medicinal plants --- pathogen --- molecular identification --- plant-microbe interaction --- gas exchange --- chlorophyll fluorescence --- growth trait --- genetic variation --- early selection --- pedunculate oak --- drought --- stress --- memory --- flushing --- autumn leaf senescence --- phenological shift --- carry-over effect --- mangroves --- DNA barcoding --- species identification --- phylogenetic relation --- moso bamboo --- heat shock factor gene --- abiotic stresses --- co-expression --- yellow-green leaf mutant --- transcriptome --- antenna protein --- photosynthesis --- birch --- Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen --- genetic diversity --- population structure --- EST-SSR marker --- microsatellite marker --- rosewood --- conservation --- Pinus massoniana --- introgression hybrid --- RNA sequencing --- DEGs --- reproduction --- phenology --- leafing out --- flowering --- senescence --- cumulative logistic regression --- hawthorn --- provenance trial --- non-local populations --- variance analysis --- lime application --- understory removal --- microbial community --- forest management --- Eucalyptus --- protogyny (PG) --- protandry (PA) --- pollen viability --- seed success --- polyploidy --- phosphate solubilizing bacteria --- nutrition --- oil tea --- Lagerstroemia species --- simple sequence repeat markers --- bulked segregant analysis --- creeping trait --- plant architecture --- climate change --- forest biodiversity --- plant–environment interactions --- plant traits --- urbanization --- Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg. --- HbMad-box genes --- conserved domains --- gene structures --- expression profiles --- stress treatments --- microsatellite locus --- Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium --- genetic differentiation --- breeding population --- artificial selection --- Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. --- transcripts --- transcriptome assembly --- simple sequence repeats --- transcription factors --- cytochrome p450 --- glycotransferases --- metabolic pathway --- grafting --- pecan --- miRNA --- graft union --- sequencing --- edible forest product --- forest biology --- macro-fungi --- non-timber forest products (NTFPs) --- Pan-Pearl River Delta --- allometry --- anatomy --- Polygonatum odoratum --- Polygonatum multiflorum --- shape --- shoot --- endophytes --- medicinal plants --- pathogen --- molecular identification --- plant-microbe interaction --- gas exchange --- chlorophyll fluorescence --- growth trait --- genetic variation --- early selection --- pedunculate oak --- drought --- stress --- memory --- flushing --- autumn leaf senescence --- phenological shift --- carry-over effect --- mangroves --- DNA barcoding --- species identification --- phylogenetic relation --- moso bamboo --- heat shock factor gene --- abiotic stresses --- co-expression --- yellow-green leaf mutant --- transcriptome --- antenna protein --- photosynthesis --- birch --- Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen --- genetic diversity --- population structure --- EST-SSR marker --- microsatellite marker --- rosewood --- conservation --- Pinus massoniana --- introgression hybrid --- RNA sequencing --- DEGs --- reproduction --- phenology --- leafing out --- flowering --- senescence --- cumulative logistic regression --- hawthorn --- provenance trial --- non-local populations --- variance analysis --- lime application --- understory removal --- microbial community --- forest management --- Eucalyptus --- protogyny (PG) --- protandry (PA) --- pollen viability --- seed success --- polyploidy --- phosphate solubilizing bacteria --- nutrition --- oil tea --- Lagerstroemia species --- simple sequence repeat markers --- bulked segregant analysis --- creeping trait --- plant architecture --- climate change --- forest biodiversity --- plant–environment interactions --- plant traits --- urbanization