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Dictatorship. --- Absolutism --- Autocracy --- Tyranny --- Authoritarianism --- Despotism --- Totalitarianism
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Richardson-Little exposes the forgotten history of human rights in the German Democratic Republic, placing the history of the Cold War, Eastern European dissidents and the revolutions of 1989 in a new light. By demonstrating how even a communist dictatorship could imagine itself to be a champion of human rights, this book challenges popular narratives on the fall of the Berlin Wall and illustrates how notions of human rights evolved in the Cold War as they were re-imagined in East Germany by both dissidents and state officials. Ultimately, the fight for human rights in East Germany was part of a global battle in the post-war era over competing conceptions of what human rights meant. Nonetheless, the collapse of dictatorship in East Germany did not end this conflict, as citizens had to choose for themselves what kind of human rights would follow in its wake.
Human rights --- Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- History. --- Law and legislation --- Dictatorship --- Government, Resistance to --- Human rights and socialism. --- Government policy --- Germany (East) --- Politics and government. --- Civil resistance --- Non-resistance to government --- Resistance to government --- Political science --- Political violence --- Insurgency --- Nonviolence --- Revolutions --- Absolutism --- Autocracy --- Tyranny --- Authoritarianism --- Despotism --- Totalitarianism --- Political resistance
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L'abbé de Saint-Pierre, connu pour son Projet de paix perpétuelle, a laissé un ensemble bien plus vaste et cohérent d'écrits politiques et moraux jusqu'alors dispersés et partiellement étudiés. Le présent ouvrage, exploitant systématiquement la totalité de l'oeuvre, en propose la complète réévaluation. Dès les premières décennies du XVIIIe siècle, Saint-Pierre promeut une harmonisation artificielle des intérêts, assurée par l'intervention politique et s'affirme, avant Bentham, comme l'un des premiers utilitaristes. Il imagine de substituer à la patrimonialisation, aux recommandations et clientèles qui structuraient la société de son temps et déterminaient l'exercice du pouvoir, une organisation rationnelle, méritocratique et dynamique. ll remplace les valeurs charismatiques fondant la perfection chrétienne ou la grandeur aristocratique par les objectifs de l'utilité et du bien public. Pour ce déiste conciliant moralité et religion, la recherche du salut par une piété active doit favoriser la justice et la bienfaisance. Selon lui, seul le pouvoir indivisible d'un monarque informé par des élites compétentes peut réaliser des réformes nécessaires au bonheur du plus grand nombre. Promoteur d'un État de bien-être imposé autoritairement, il représente, avant le plein essor de l'économie politique, des sciences camérales et de la doctrine des physiocrates, une dimension méconnue des Lumières politiques que cette étude entend souligner.---The Abbé de Saint-Pierre, best known for his Project for Perpetual Peace, in fact left a much larger and more coherent body of political and moral writing, but it has been only partially studied. This book, the first systematic exploration of his entire corpus, offers a complete re-evaluation of this important author's contributions to the Enlightenment. From the first decades of the 18th century, Saint-Pierre set forth a pioneering vision of politics as the harmonization of interests, anticipating Bentham as a utilitarian. He imagines replacing the system of inherited power and clientele networks which structured Old Regime society and determined the exercise of power under absolutism, with a rationalized, meritocratic and dynamic organization. He argued for the political values of social utility and public good to take the place of the Christian ideals of perfection and the aristocratic ideals of personal charisma. As a deist seeking to reconcile morality and religion, Saint-Pierre argued that the search for salvation through active piety must also promote social justice and beneficence -- and that only the indivisible power of a rationalized monarch, informed by competent elites, could carry out the reforms necessary to yield a government which would produce the greatest happiness for the greatest number. Saint-Pierre, thus, provided among the first arguments for an imposed welfare state, well before the sources more frequently associated with that idea -- political economists, cameralists and the physiocrats.
Monarchy. --- Executive power. --- Political science --- Kings and rulers --- Ministerial responsibility. --- Rule of law. --- Common good. --- Decision making. --- Duties. --- Saint-Pierre, Charles Irénée Castel de, --- Monarchie éclairée --- utilitarisme --- state power --- history of political thought --- early modern monarchy --- absolutism --- Lumières politiques --- Old Regime --- cameralism --- Enlightenment --- utilitarianism --- abbé de Saint-Pierre --- political economy --- Ancients v Moderns --- despotisme éclairé
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How do some dictatorships become institutionalized ruled-based systems, while others remain heavily personalist? Once implemented, do executive constraints actually play an effective role in promoting autocratic stability? To understand patterns of regime institutionalization, this book studies the emergence of constitutional term limits and succession procedures, as well as elite power-sharing within presidential cabinets. Anne Meng argues that institutions credibly constrain leaders only when they change the underlying distribution of power between leaders and elites by providing elites with access to the state. She also shows that initially weak leaders who institutionalize are less likely to face coup attempts and are able to remain in office for longer periods than weak leaders who do not. Drawing on an original time-series dataset of 46 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa from 1960 to 2010, formal theory, and case studies, this book ultimately illustrates how some dictatorships evolve from personalist strongman rule to institutionalized regimes.
Dictatorship --- Power (Social sciences) --- Elite (Social sciences) --- Personalism. --- Personality and politics --- Public institutions --- Government institutions --- Institutions, Public --- Institutions, State --- State institutions --- Associations, institutions, etc. --- Person (Philosophy) --- Individualism --- Personality --- Philosophy --- Elites (Social sciences) --- Leadership --- Social classes --- Social groups --- Empowerment (Social sciences) --- Political power --- Exchange theory (Sociology) --- Political science --- Social sciences --- Sociology --- Consensus (Social sciences) --- Politics and personality --- Absolutism --- Autocracy --- Tyranny --- Authoritarianism --- Despotism --- Totalitarianism --- Africa, Sub-Saharan --- Politics and government
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The International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicts that, in the coming years, more than fifty countries are at risk of default. Yet we understand little about the political determinants of this decision to renege on promises to international creditors. This book develops and tests a unified theory of how domestic politics explains sovereign default across dictatorships and democracies. Professor Ballard-Rosa argues that both democratic and autocratic governments will choose to default when it is necessary for political survival; however, regime type has a significant impact on what specific kinds of threats leaders face. While dictatorships are concerned with avoiding urban riots, democratic governments are concerned with losing elections, in particular the support of rural voting blocs. Using cross-national data and historical case studies, Ballard-Rosa shows that leaders under each regime type are more likely to default when doing so allows them to keep funding costly policies supporting critical bases of support.
Debts, Public --- Financial crises --- Rural-urban relations --- Democracy --- Dictatorship --- Absolutism --- Autocracy --- Tyranny --- Authoritarianism --- Despotism --- Totalitarianism --- Rural-urban interaction --- Urban-rural interaction --- Urban-rural relations --- Sociology, Rural --- Sociology, Urban --- Crashes, Financial --- Crises, Financial --- Financial crashes --- Financial panics --- Panics (Finance) --- Stock exchange crashes --- Stock market panics --- Crises --- Debts, Government --- Government debts --- National debts --- Public debt --- Public debts --- Sovereign debt --- Debt --- Bonds --- Deficit financing --- Political aspects. --- Economic aspects.
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This edited volume provides a comprehensive overview of the renewal of academic engagement in the Argentinian dictatorship in the context of the post-2001 crisis. Significant social and judicial changes and the opening of archives have led to major revisions of the research dedicated to this period. As such, the contributors offer a unique presentation to an English-speaking audience, mapping and critiquing these developments and widening the recent debates in Argentina about the legacy of the dictatorship in this long-term perspective. Juan Grigera is Lecturer in the Political Economy of Development at the Department of International Development, King’s College London, UK. He was previously British Academy Research Fellow at the Institute of Americas, University of London, UK. Luciana Zorzoli is CONICET Fellow at the Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (IdIHCS) in the National University of La Plata (UNLP), Argentina, as well as Research Associate at SOAS, University of London, UK.
Dictatorship --- Absolutism --- Autocracy --- Tyranny --- Authoritarianism --- Despotism --- Totalitarianism --- History --- Argentina --- Politics and government. --- Latin America-Politics and gover. --- Democracy. --- Social justice. --- Historiography. --- Latin America—History. --- Latin American Politics. --- Social Justice, Equality and Human Rights. --- Memory Studies. --- Latin American History. --- Historical criticism --- Authorship --- Equality --- Justice --- Self-government --- Political science --- Representative government and representation --- Republics --- Criticism --- Historiography --- Latin America—Politics and government. --- Human rights. --- Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Human rights --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- Law and legislation --- Latin America --- History.
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Voor iedereen die het controversiële presidentschap van Donald Trump wil begrijpen, is Masha Gessens werk essentiële lectuur. Gessen groeide op in de Sovjet-Unie en deed als journalist verslag van de wederopstanding van het totalitarisme in het Rusland van Poetin. Meer dan wie ook is Gessen in staat de kenmerken van autocratie te herkennen en te analyseren.In de aanloop naar de verkiezingen van 2020 geeft dit boek een onmisbaar overzicht van de rampzalige jaren van Trumps presidentschap ? ook tijdens de coronacrisis. Hoe overleef je een autocratie? laat haarfijn zien hoe in het Amerika van Trump vaste democratische waarden en instellingen worden afgebroken, hoe het abnormale normaal wordt ? terwijl de wereld toekijkt. Gessens boek is een baken in rumoerige tijden en een oproep tot permanent verzet tegen de voortdurende aanval op de Amerikaanse democratie. Bron : http://www.standaardboekhandel.be
Trump, Donald J. --- Democratie --- Verenigde Staten --- alleenheerschappij --- États-Unis --- BPB2007 --- die Vereinigte Staaten --- Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá --- Združene države --- United States --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες --- l-Istati Uniti --- Ameerika Ühendriigid --- Stati Uniti --- Shtetet e Bashkuara --- Estados Unidos --- Stany Zjednoczone --- Spojené státy --- Egyesült Államok --- Statele Unite --- Amerikas Savienotās Valstis --- Förenta staterna --- Сједињене Америчке Државе --- Jungtinės Valstijos --- Yhdysvallat --- Съединени щати --- Sjedinjene Američke Države --- Spojené štáty --- Соединети Американски Држави --- Amerikas Forenede Stater --- САД --- VS --- USA --- EE.UU. --- JAV --- Amerikas förenta stater --- l-Istati Uniti tal-Amerika --- los Estados Unidos de América --- ΗΠΑ --- Shtetet e Bashkuara të Amerikës --- SAD --- Verenigde Staten van Amerika --- Соединетите Држави --- Amerikai Egyesült Államok --- Stati Uniti d'America --- Statele Unite ale Americii --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες της Αμερικής --- SHBA --- United States of America --- Ühendriigid --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες Αμερικής --- EUA --- ASV --- États-Unis d'Amérique --- Združene države Amerike --- Stany Zjednoczone Ameryki --- САЩ --- Съединени американски щати --- SUA --- Yhdysvallat, USA --- Spojené státy americké --- U.S.A. --- Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijos --- Sjedinjene Države --- Estados Unidos da América --- De Forenede Stater --- Spojené státy severoamerické --- Amerikan yhdysvallat --- Spojené štáty americké --- die Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika --- US --- monokracie --- vienvaldība --- monokracja --- monocracy --- yksinvalta --- monokrazija --- монокрация --- monarchia --- monokracia --- monocrazia --- monokrati --- monocratie --- monokraci --- monokracija --- Monokratie --- ainuvalitsus --- monokratija --- monocracia --- μονοκρατορία --- samovlada --- монократија --- monocrație --- absolut monarki --- egyeduralom --- enevældigt monarki --- sovranità assoluta --- isevalitsus --- absolútna monarchia --- monarchia assoluta --- autokracia --- autocracia --- monarki absolute --- monarhie absolută --- autokrati --- absolutní monarchie --- autokraatia --- absolute monarchy --- Stato assoluto --- absoluuttinen monarkia --- Absolutismus --- absolutism --- autocratie --- itsevaltius --- автократија --- апсолутна монархија --- apsolutna monarhija --- absolūta monarhija --- absolutismus --- dispotismo --- enevælde --- abszolút monarchia --- monarchija --- autokrātija --- abszolút egyeduralom --- Einherrschaft --- autokrácia --- absoluutne monarhia --- absoliutinė monarchija --- absolute monarchie --- апсолутизам --- απόλυτη μοναρχία --- monarquia absoluta --- envälde --- autocracy --- monarquía absoluta --- autokracie --- Alleinherrschaft --- abszolutizmus --- monarchie absolue --- Autokratie --- autokracija --- autocrație --- autokraci --- assolutismo --- autokratija --- Political sociology --- Political systems --- democratie --- dictatuur --- politicologie --- Trump, Donald --- buitenlandse politiek --- 32 --- 327 --- Trump, Donald John --- Media --- Na Stáit Aontaithe --- uathlathas --- États-Unis
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