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This major reference work is a single-volume Encyclopedia that consolidates existing knowledge about territorial rights with new developments in academic scholarship. It contains more than 500 entries which combine concepts and theoretical arguments with concise, up-to-the-minute, graphic summaries of practical disputes about immigration, natural resources, secession, minority rights, borders, restorative justice, Aboriginal rights, and other issues related to territory. The entries cover three levels. The first level concerns specific territorial claims, and provides specific examples of disputes over territory, each of which gives rise to a unique series of territorial claims. Some examples in this category are Crimea/Ukraine, Russia, the Northwest Passage and Scottish Independence. The second level covers types and causes of territorial conflict. Prominent examples are conflicts about immigration, minority rights, indigenous people, and unoccupied land. The third level focuses on normative theories of territorial rights. Here the object of study involves the norms and political practices that govern territorial rights, both inside sovereign jurisdictions and at large in global society. Examples are individualism, nationalism/national self-determination, and a statist/collectivist framework. This section includes proposals for theories of territorial rights, such as associative, remedial, pluralistic and descriptive theories. The combination of concise entries listed alphabetically, abundant links to academic sources, and a bibliography of territorial rights make this major reference work a primary research tool for scholars and a comprehensive introduction to new developments in a number of linked fields. Editorial Board Dr. Kevin W. Gray, Dr. Costas Laoutides, Dr. Laura Lo Coco, Dr. Lavonna L. Lovern, Dr. Nick C. Sagos, Dr. Katrinka Somdahl-Sands.

Social sciences—Philosophy. --- Peace. --- Human rights. --- Demography. --- Anthropology. --- Physical geography. --- Social Philosophy. --- Conflict Studies. --- Human Rights. --- World Regional Geography (Continents, Countries, Regions).

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The map illustrates the position of the burial mound fields in Central Tibet that have been registered so far by the “Tibetan tumulus project”, an Austrian Science Fund (FWF) financed long-term research conducted at the Austrian Academy of Sciences’ Institute for Social Anthropology (ISA). The entries of districts and key political sites related to the time of the Tibetan Empire (7th-9th cent. CE) form the relevant historical reference for this distribution map. This reveals a tumulus landscape of enormous concentration in the relatively small geographic area of Central Tibet (Dbus-Gtsang region), which in geographical, economic and political terms formed the heartland of the Tibetan Empire. Die Karte illustriert die Lage der Hügelgräberfelder von Zentraltibet, die im Rahmen des “Tibetan Tumulus Project“, einem vom Österreichischen Wissenschaftsfonds (FWF) finanzierten Forschungsprogramm am Institut für Sozialanthropologie (ISA) der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, registriert wurden. Die Einträge von politischen Distrikten und Wirkungsstätten aus der Zeit des tibetischen Reiches (7.-9. Jh. u. Z.) bilden die relevanten historischen Referenzorte für diese Verbreitungskarte. Diese zeigt eine Tumuluslandschaft von enormer Dichte in dem geographisch relativ kleinen Gebiet von Zentraltibet (Dbus-Gtsang Region), das geographisch, wirtschaftlich und politisch das Kernland des tibetischen Reiches bildete.

Regional geography --- Geographical maps (specialist) --- Cartography, map-making & projections --- Tibet --- Kartenwerk, Tibet, historische Ethnographie, Archäologie --- ÖFOS 2012, Regionale Geographie --- ÖFOS 2012, Tibetologie --- ÖFOS 2012, Ethnologie --- Map illustration, Tibet, historical ethnography, archaeology --- ÖFOS 2012, Regional geography --- ÖFOS 2012, Tibetan studies --- ÖFOS 2012, Ethnology

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This book updates African maritime economic history to analyse the influence of seaports and seaborne trade, processes of urbanization and development, and the impact of globalization on port evolution within the different regions of Africa. It succeeds the seminal collection edited by Hoyle & Hilling which was conceived during a phase of sustained economic growth on the African continent, and builds on a similar trend where African economies have experienced processes of economic growth and the relative improvement of welfare conditions. It provides valuable insights on port evolution and the way the maritime sector has impacted the hinterland and the regional economic structures of the affected countries, including the several and varied agents involved in these activities. African Seaports and Maritime Economics in Historical Perspective will be useful for economists, historians, and geographers interested in African and maritime issues, as well as policy makers interested in path-dependence and long-term analysis.

Economics --- Forwarding --- Physical geography --- World history --- History of Africa --- economie --- geschiedenis --- economische geschiedenis --- expeditie --- fysische geografie --- Africa --- Sea transport. Seaports --- Shipping. --- Economic history. --- Geography. --- Maritime Economics. --- Economic History. --- African Economics. --- Regional Geography. --- African History. --- Economic conditions. --- History.

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This book highlights Belgrade, reviewing its recent and historical developments and emphasizing its major ongoing planning projects. The book is divided into eight chapters. The first, entitled The urban, political and socioeconomic rise and fall of Belgrade through its history, introduces the reader to the city, and is followed by a chapter on Belgrade’s urban plans through history. The book continues with a chapter on one of the major urban projects in the former Yugoslavia, the construction of New Belgrade, its development and results, entitled New Belgrade: from no man’s land to modern city. In turn, the following three chapters explore three dominant contemporary topics: Belgrade’s riverfront redevelopment; Reimaging Belgrade: the case of Savamala; and Sustainable Belgrade. Expansion of the pedestrian zone in the city center. The book draws to a close with a chapter on Future predictions: South-Eastern European metropolis of the 21st century. This chapter in particular discusses large city projects and includes predictions about the city’s future.

Urban geography. --- Cities and towns—History. --- Physical geography. --- Urban Geography / Urbanism (inc. megacities, cities, towns). --- Urban History. --- World Regional Geography (Continents, Countries, Regions). --- Geography --- City planning. --- Cities and towns --- City planning --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Land use --- Planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Regional planning --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- Government policy --- Management --- Sociology, Urban. --- Geography. --- Urban Sociology. --- Regional Geography. --- History. --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history --- Urban sociology

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International scholarship is increasingly aware that the ‘geographical tradition’ is a contentious and contested field: while critical reflections on the imperial past of the discipline are still ongoing, new tendencies including de-colonial studies and geographies of internationalism are focusing on the progressive aspects of plural geographical traditions. This volume contains selected papers presented at two Symposia of the Commission on the History of Geography of the International Geographical Union within the 25th International Congress of History of Science and Technology which took place in Rio de Janeiro in July 2017. The papers address processes of ‘decolonising’ and ‘internationalising’ science in the 19th and 20th century, with a special emphasis on geography. Internationalization, circulation and dissemination of geographical concepts and ideas are in the focus. The volume includes case studies on Latin America, tropical regions as well as Europe and Japan. There is also an emphasis on the history of international congresses and organizations and on the international circulation of knowledge.

Historical geography. --- History. --- World history. --- Geographical information systems. --- Civilization—History. --- Physical geography. --- Historical Geography. --- History of Science. --- World History, Global and Transnational History. --- Geographical Information Systems/Cartography. --- Cultural History. --- World Regional Geography (Continents, Countries, Regions). --- Geography --- Geographical information systems --- GIS (Information systems) --- Information storage and retrieval systems --- Universal history --- History --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Geography, Historical --- Geographic information systems --- Historical geography --- Civilization --- Cultural history --- Human geography. --- Science --- Geographic information systems. --- Geography. --- Human Geography. --- Geographical Information System. --- Regional Geography. --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history --- Anthropo-geography --- Anthropogeography --- Geographical distribution of humans --- Social geography --- Anthropology --- Human ecology