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This book gathers several manuscripts dealing with powder metallurgy processing. Both powders production and their processing to reach a final product can be found. In particular, the extraction of Ta and Ti powders from their oxides by the action of Mg is studied. Moreover, the synthesis of ball-milled Mn-Bi powder for magnetic uses is also presented in the book. Regarding powders processing, sintering of Fe-Co-Cu powder mixtures for their use as diamond impregnated tools, electrical resistance sintering of mechanically alloyed amorphous Al-Ti powders, cold pressed Fe-Si-B alloys with magnetic uses, hot extruded functionally graded Al-based materials, space holder sintering of Ti for medical implants, sintering of hard Co-based material, and electrical resistance sintering of Fe-WC hardmetals can be found in this book.

History of engineering & technology --- electrical resistance sintering --- hardmetal --- ultrafine grain --- titanium powder --- self-propagating high-temperature synthesis --- acid leaching --- magnesium --- magnesium oxide --- tantalum powder --- magnesium reduction --- Ta2O5 powder --- MgO --- HCl solution --- functionally graded materials (FGMs) --- aluminum alloy --- hot extrusion --- Hall–Petch equation --- Kelly–Tyson equation --- amorphous powders --- amorphous magnetic powder cores --- soft magnetic properties --- permeability --- direct current (DC) bias performance --- Mn55Bi45 powders --- low-energy ball milling --- surfactant --- particle size --- coercivity --- microstructure --- magnetic properties --- cobalt-based alloy --- mechanical alloying --- hot pressed sintering --- bone implant --- porous titanium --- cellular adhesion --- bacteria colonization --- osseointegration --- amorphisation --- crystallisation --- Al-Ti powders --- porosity --- hardness --- pre-alloyed agglomerates --- mechanical properties --- cutting performance --- diamond impregnated tools --- stone machining --- tool wear --- n/a --- Hall-Petch equation --- Kelly-Tyson equation --- Engineering --- Technology --- History.

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This book gathers several manuscripts dealing with powder metallurgy processing. Both powders production and their processing to reach a final product can be found. In particular, the extraction of Ta and Ti powders from their oxides by the action of Mg is studied. Moreover, the synthesis of ball-milled Mn-Bi powder for magnetic uses is also presented in the book. Regarding powders processing, sintering of Fe-Co-Cu powder mixtures for their use as diamond impregnated tools, electrical resistance sintering of mechanically alloyed amorphous Al-Ti powders, cold pressed Fe-Si-B alloys with magnetic uses, hot extruded functionally graded Al-based materials, space holder sintering of Ti for medical implants, sintering of hard Co-based material, and electrical resistance sintering of Fe-WC hardmetals can be found in this book.

electrical resistance sintering --- hardmetal --- ultrafine grain --- titanium powder --- self-propagating high-temperature synthesis --- acid leaching --- magnesium --- magnesium oxide --- tantalum powder --- magnesium reduction --- Ta2O5 powder --- MgO --- HCl solution --- functionally graded materials (FGMs) --- aluminum alloy --- hot extrusion --- Hall–Petch equation --- Kelly–Tyson equation --- amorphous powders --- amorphous magnetic powder cores --- soft magnetic properties --- permeability --- direct current (DC) bias performance --- Mn55Bi45 powders --- low-energy ball milling --- surfactant --- particle size --- coercivity --- microstructure --- magnetic properties --- cobalt-based alloy --- mechanical alloying --- hot pressed sintering --- bone implant --- porous titanium --- cellular adhesion --- bacteria colonization --- osseointegration --- amorphisation --- crystallisation --- Al-Ti powders --- porosity --- hardness --- pre-alloyed agglomerates --- mechanical properties --- cutting performance --- diamond impregnated tools --- stone machining --- tool wear --- n/a --- Hall-Petch equation --- Kelly-Tyson equation --- Engineering --- Technology --- History.

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This book provides the first comprehensive description of time crystals which have a repeating structure in time. It introduces the fundamental concepts behind time crystals and explores the many different branches of this new research area. The book starts with the original idea of the time crystallization in quantum systems as introduced by Wilczek and follows the development of the field up to the present day. Both spontaneous formation of crystalline structures in time and concepts of the condensed matter physics in the time domain, ranging from Anderson localization in time to many-body systems with exotic interactions, are described. The prospect of creation of novel objects by means of time engineering is also presented. The book assumes knowledge of quantum mechanics to the graduate level. It serves as a valuable reference with pointers to future research directions for graduate students and senior scientists alike.

Atomic structure  . --- Molecular structure . --- Phase transformations (Statistical physics). --- Condensed materials. --- Condensed matter. --- Thermodynamics. --- Quantum physics. --- Atomic/Molecular Structure and Spectra. --- Quantum Gases and Condensates. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- Quantum Physics. --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Heat --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Liquids --- Matter --- Solids --- Phase changes (Statistical physics) --- Phase transitions (Statistical physics) --- Phase rule and equilibrium --- Statistical physics --- Structure, Molecular --- Chemical structure --- Structural bioinformatics --- Structure, Atomic --- Atomic theory --- Crystals. --- Quantum theory. --- Crystallography --- Powders

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This book is a collection of research papers that describe some of the latest research on lithium niobate, which is an important material with many technological applications. The papers fall into three sections, which respectively consider the relationship between photorefractive properties and the defect structure of lithium niobate, powder preparation using a wet chemistry method and high-energy ball-milling technique, and finally the investigation of the domain structures, stability and conduction, and applications in waveguide devices.

Research & information: general --- lithium niobate --- optical storage materials --- photorefractive materials --- high-energy ball-milling --- nanocrystals --- mechanochemical reaction --- chemical composition --- powders --- microparticles --- photonic electric-field sensor --- titanium diffused optical channel waveguide --- lithium–niobate electro-optic effect --- Y-fed balanced-bridge Mach-Zehnder interferometer (YBB-MZI) --- electro-optic modulator --- lithium niobate thin film --- proton exchange --- Mach-Zehnder --- integrated optics devices --- doping magnesium --- Bridgman method --- high homogeneity --- thermal stability --- nano-domain --- LNOI --- pre-heat treatment --- divalent --- trivalent --- tetravalent --- pentavalent and hexavalent doping --- computer modelling --- photorefractive properties --- defect structure --- conducting domain walls --- ferroelectric films --- lithium niobate-on-insulator --- scanning probe microscopy --- non-volatile memory

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The miniaturization of industrial products is a global trend. Metal forming technology is not only suitable for mass production and excellent in productivity and cost reduction, but it is also a key processing method that is essential for products that utilize advantage of the mechanical and functional properties of metals. However, it is not easy to realize the processing even if the conventional metal forming technology is directly scaled down. This is because the characteristics of materials, processing methods, die and tools, etc., vary greatly with miniaturization. In metal micro forming technology, the size effect of major issues for micro forming have also been clarified academically. New processing methods for metal micro forming have also been developed by introducing new special processing techniques, and it is a new wave of innovation toward high precision, high degree of processing, and high flexibility. To date, several special issues and books have been published on micro-forming technology. This book contains 11 of the latest research results on metal micro forming technology. The editor believes that it will be very useful for understanding the state-of-the-art of metal micro forming technology and for understanding future trends.

History of engineering & technology --- laser impact liquid flexible embossing --- microforming --- 3-D large area micro arrays --- liquid shock wave --- high strain rate forming --- numerical simulation --- carbon nanotubes --- feedstock --- homogeneity --- metallic powders --- micro hot embossing --- shaping --- plasma printing --- micro-texturing --- screen printing --- low-temperature plasma nitriding --- selective anisotropic nitrogen embedding --- selective hardening --- sand blasting --- AISI316 --- micro-meshing punch array --- copper plates --- resistance heating system --- surface modification --- free surface roughness evolution --- compression --- thin sheet metal --- micro metal forming --- ultrasonic --- orbital forming --- micro-tubes --- micro-tube drawing --- micro-hydroforming --- laser assisted --- severe plastic deformation --- micro-tube testing --- dieless drawing --- SUS304 stainless steel wires --- oxide layer --- finite element simulation --- surface texturing --- sheet metal forming --- in-situ observation --- micro-dimple --- lubricant --- microtube --- hydroforming --- T-shape bulging --- tube materials --- friction --- tube length --- micro hydroformability --- process window --- FE analysis --- microstructure --- size effects --- deformation characterization --- micro-rolling --- wire --- n/a