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Electronic cigarettes --- Nicotine addiction --- Smoking cessation --- United States.
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Smoking cessation --- Smoking --- Nicotine addiction --- Tobacco use --- Prevention. --- Treatment
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Depuis quelques années un manque de puissance a été mis au jour dans divers domaines de recherche. Cela a abouti à de sérieux doutes quant à la reproductibilité de beaucoup de résultats scientifiques. À notre connaissance, aucune étude n’a évalué ce problème en psychopharmacologie expérimentale préclinique. Nous avons choisi d’étudier le sous-domaine de la préférence de lieu conditionné induite par la nicotine chez la souris (PLCNIC). Nous avons identifié les articles le concernant sur PubMed et nous en avons extrait les tailles des échantillons, le type de tests statistiques (F ou t), leurs résultats, leurs degrés de liberté, et leurs p-valeurs. À partir de ces valeurs, nous avons calculé la puissance prospective médiane pour 6 tailles d’effets (classification de Sawilowsky, 2009). Le taux de vraies découvertes (True Report Probability : TRP) a été calculé à partir des puissances médianes, de l’erreur de type I fixée à 5 %, et de la plausibilité que nous avons fait varier de 0 à 1. Des 139 articles trouvés sur PubMed, 48 ont rencontré nos critères d’inclusion. Ces 48 articles contenaient 109 tests statistiques utilisables pour notre projet. Dans cet échantillon de tests 77,57 % sont significatifs. Les puissances médianes pour les tests F pour les petites, moyennes, et grandes tailles d’effet sont respectivement de 9,5 %, 34,1 % et 70,4 %. Pour les tests t nous avons trouvé 6,8 %, 17 %, et 35,8 %. Aucun de ces chiffres n’atteint le seuil recommandé de 80 %. Pour une plausibilité de 10 %, nous trouvons des TRP pour les tests F pour une petite, moyenne et grande taille d’effet de 16 % 40,8 %, et 58,5 % soit des taux de fausses découvertes de 84 %, 59,2 %, et 41,5 %. Pour les tests t les TRP pour les mêmes tailles d’effets sont de 12 %, 25,3 %, et 41,7 % soit des taux de fausses découvertes de 88 %, 74,7 %, et 58,3 %, bien supérieurs aux 5 % maximum que l’on croit garantis par la probabilité alpha. Nous retrouvons donc, dans le sous-domaine de la PLCNIC, le manque de puissance et l’augmentation de faux positif associée qui ont déjà été observés dans d’autres disciplines. Nous avons aussi étendu les graphiques de Ioannidis (2005) pour représenter les TRP qu’on obtient avec des rapports de chance supérieurs à 1/1 qui pourrait donner des TRP plus favorables.
Mice --- Statistical power --- meta-research --- conditioned place preference --- nicotine --- FDR --- TRP --- false discovery rate --- true report probability --- souris --- puissance statistique --- méta-recherche --- préférence de lieu conditionné --- nicotine --- FDR --- TRP --- Taux de fausses découvertes --- taux de vraies découvertes --- Sciences sociales & comportementales, psychologie > Psychologie animale, éthologie & psychobiologie --- Sciences sociales & comportementales, psychologie > Neurosciences & comportement
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Malgré les nombreuses études qui mettent en avant ses effets nocifs sur la santé, le tabac séduit aujourd’hui encore 24 % de la population européenne. Médicaments, cigarettes électroniques et patchs ne sont que quelques méthodes parmi d’autres pour aider ceux qui souhaitent se détacher de la cigarette. Mais sont-elles vraiment efficaces ? En répondant à 30 questions sur le sujet, ce livre vous aidera à y voir plus clair sur l’addiction au tabac, ses effets et les moyens de s’en débarrasser. Comment agit-il sur notre système respiratoire ? Le tabagisme passif est-il vraiment dangereux ? La cigarette électronique doit-elle nous inquiéter ?
Tobacco Use Disorder --- Tabagisme --- therapy --- prevention and control. --- Thérapeutique. --- Nicotine addiction --- Tobacco use --- Smoking --- Tobacco --- Tabac --- Prevention --- Physiological effect. --- Treatment --- Effets physiologiques --- Traitement --- Prévention --- Prevention. --- prevention and control --- therapy. --- tabak --- tabac --- prevention & control.
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This updated and revised second edition of “Alcohol and Tobacco” reflects the new ICD 11 and DSM V classifications and provides comprehensive descriptions of new therapeutic approaches, outlining the different interactions between personality, environment and the effects of the respective substance. In addition to new data on prevention-based therapies, especially for smoking addiction, the book also presents essential psychological and sociological strategies, and medication-based therapies. Particular attention is given to new medications and new compounds for e-cigarettes, while a broad overview of the American and European epidemiology of alcohol and nicotine addictions rounds out the coverage. Given the breadth and depth of its coverage, the book will appeal to a wide readership, from professionals to researchers and students.
Alcoholism --- Nicotine addiction --- Keeley cure --- Treatment. --- Psychiatry. --- Psychotherapy . --- Behavioral therapy. --- Psychotherapy. --- Behavioral Therapy. --- Behavioral therapy --- Behavior modification --- Psychotherapy --- Psychagogy --- Therapy (Psychotherapy) --- Mental illness --- Clinical sociology --- Mental health counseling --- Medicine and psychology --- Mental health --- Psychology, Pathological --- Treatment --- Hàbit de fumar --- Alcoholisme --- Psicoteràpia --- Teràpia psicològica --- Tractament psicològic --- Psiquiatria --- Anàlisi transaccional --- Biblioteràpia --- Entrevista en psiquiatria --- Intervenció en crisis (Psiquiatria) --- Joc de rol (Psicologia) --- Logoteràpia --- Psicofarmacologia --- Psicoteràpia basada en l'evidència --- Psicoteràpia breu --- Psicoteràpia centrada en el client --- Psicoteràpia de grup --- Psicoteràpia dels adolescents --- Psicoteràpia dinàmica --- Psicoteràpia existencial --- Psicoteràpia geriàtrica --- Psicoteràpia infantil --- Psicoteràpia racional-emotiva --- Psicoteràpia transpersonal --- Relacions psicoterapeuta-pacient --- Resistència (Psicoanàlisi) --- Sexologia --- Socioteràpia --- Terapèutica sexual --- Teràpia amb animals de companyia --- Teràpia artística --- Teràpia centrada en les emocions --- Teràpia cognitiva per a adolescents --- Teràpia de resolució de problemes --- Teràpia de xoc --- Teràpia estratègica --- Teràpia Gestalt --- Teràpia ocupacional --- Teràpia assertiva --- Teràpia de la conducta --- Teràpia feminista --- Teràpia sistèmica --- Teràpies corporals --- Transferència (Psicologia) --- Tractament per suggestió --- Addicció a l'alcohol --- Borratxera --- Dipsomania --- Ebrietat --- Embriaguesa --- Abús de substàncies --- Alcohol --- Drogoaddicció --- Alcohòlics --- Alcoholisme en l'embaràs --- Consum d'alcohol --- Addicció al tabac --- Consum de tabac --- Tabaquisme --- Conducta compulsiva --- Hàbit --- Cigarretes --- Fumadors --- Hàbit de fumar en l'embaràs --- Tabac --- Behavior therapy.
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Recent years have seen the idea of a close association between nutrition and the modulation of cancer development/progression reinforced. An increasing amount of experimental and epidemiological evidence has been produced supporting the concept that many different bioactive components of food (e.g. polyphenols, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, methyl-group donors, etc.) may be implicated in either the promotion of or the protection against carcinogenesis. At the cellular level, such compounds can have an impact on different but sometimes intertwined processes, such as growth and differentiation, DNA repair, programmed cell death, and oxidative stress. In addition, compelling evidence is starting to build up of the existence of primary epigenetic targets of dietary compounds, such as oncogenic/oncosuppressor miRNAs or DNA-modifying enzymes, which in turn impair gene expression and function. Since there is a growing interest in the study of the biochemical and molecular role played by food components and its impact on cellular processes and/or gene expressions directed towards the fine-tuning of cancer phenotypes, in this Special Issue researchers contributed with either research or review articles presenting the latest findings on the intracellular pathways and mechanisms affected by natural bioactive dietary molecules.
Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- berberine --- signaling pathways --- oncogenic cascades --- TRAIL --- microRNAs --- cancer therapy --- colon cancer cells --- ethanol --- Nrf2 --- HO-1 --- ER stress --- autophagy --- MMPs --- formononetin --- cancer --- preclinical models --- cell signaling --- angiogenesis --- nobiletin --- colorectal cancer --- chemoprevention --- bioactivities --- experimental therapeutics --- HDAC --- multiple myeloma --- oleacein --- breast cancer --- persistent organic pollutants --- breast cancer risk --- breast cancer prognostic --- systematic review --- carrageenan --- invasion --- metastasis --- RacGAP1 --- radiotherapy --- marine sponge --- natural product --- anticancer drug --- oral cancer inhibition --- phytochemicals --- small organic agents --- Piper eriopodon, alkenylphenols --- human cancer cells --- cell death --- apoptosis --- caspase-independent cell death --- XIAP antagonists --- XIAP-BIR3 domain --- Calocedrus formosana --- lung cancer --- yatein --- cell-cycle arrest --- xenograft --- isorhamnetin --- G2/M arrest --- ROS --- AMPK --- pancreatic cancer --- epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) --- gemcitabine --- glycolysis --- phosphofructokinase --- natural polyphenols --- anticancer activities --- molecular mechanisms --- Streptomyces --- mangrove --- anti-proliferative --- colon cancer --- epithelial mesenchymal transition --- inflammation --- malignant cancer --- natural anti-inflammatory compounds --- pro-resolving lipids --- anticancer drugs --- flavonoids --- natural compounds --- Xenopus laevis --- AOM/DSS model --- melanoma cells --- nicotine --- α9-nAChR --- PD-L1 --- STAT3 --- gigantol --- AKT --- JAK/STAT --- cancer stem cell --- tumor maintenance --- tumor density --- proteomics --- honokiol --- anticancer --- mechanism --- signalling pathway --- uterine sarcoma --- fucoidan --- isobolography --- colchicine alkaloid --- mesoporous silica nanoparticles --- targeted delivery system --- PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor and cancer immunotherapy --- glucose transport --- drugs --- innate immunity --- β-glucans --- nutrition --- immunotherapy --- estrogen --- estrogen receptor alpha --- polyphenols --- daidzein --- daidzein metabolites --- paclitaxel --- breast cancer cells --- obesity --- renin–angiotensin system --- eicosapentaenoic acid --- adipocyte inflammation --- olive leaf extract --- oleuropein --- Seahorse analysis --- cancer metabolism --- glycolytic markers --- Malva pseudolavatera Webb & --- Berthel. --- acute myeloid leukemia --- reactive oxygen species --- brain cancer --- gliomas --- schwannomas --- malignant tumors of the peripheral nerve sheath (MPNST) --- neurofibromas --- bioavailability --- nanoparticle-based delivery systems --- natural bioactive compound --- gallic acid --- EGFR signaling --- p53 --- EGCG --- non-coding RNAs --- anti-cancer drug --- NSCLC --- EGFR TKI --- FASN inhibitors --- resistance --- n/a --- renin-angiotensin system
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Recent years have seen the idea of a close association between nutrition and the modulation of cancer development/progression reinforced. An increasing amount of experimental and epidemiological evidence has been produced supporting the concept that many different bioactive components of food (e.g. polyphenols, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, methyl-group donors, etc.) may be implicated in either the promotion of or the protection against carcinogenesis. At the cellular level, such compounds can have an impact on different but sometimes intertwined processes, such as growth and differentiation, DNA repair, programmed cell death, and oxidative stress. In addition, compelling evidence is starting to build up of the existence of primary epigenetic targets of dietary compounds, such as oncogenic/oncosuppressor miRNAs or DNA-modifying enzymes, which in turn impair gene expression and function. Since there is a growing interest in the study of the biochemical and molecular role played by food components and its impact on cellular processes and/or gene expressions directed towards the fine-tuning of cancer phenotypes, in this Special Issue researchers contributed with either research or review articles presenting the latest findings on the intracellular pathways and mechanisms affected by natural bioactive dietary molecules.
berberine --- signaling pathways --- oncogenic cascades --- TRAIL --- microRNAs --- cancer therapy --- colon cancer cells --- ethanol --- Nrf2 --- HO-1 --- ER stress --- autophagy --- MMPs --- formononetin --- cancer --- preclinical models --- cell signaling --- angiogenesis --- nobiletin --- colorectal cancer --- chemoprevention --- bioactivities --- experimental therapeutics --- HDAC --- multiple myeloma --- oleacein --- breast cancer --- persistent organic pollutants --- breast cancer risk --- breast cancer prognostic --- systematic review --- carrageenan --- invasion --- metastasis --- RacGAP1 --- radiotherapy --- marine sponge --- natural product --- anticancer drug --- oral cancer inhibition --- phytochemicals --- small organic agents --- Piper eriopodon, alkenylphenols --- human cancer cells --- cell death --- apoptosis --- caspase-independent cell death --- XIAP antagonists --- XIAP-BIR3 domain --- Calocedrus formosana --- lung cancer --- yatein --- cell-cycle arrest --- xenograft --- isorhamnetin --- G2/M arrest --- ROS --- AMPK --- pancreatic cancer --- epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) --- gemcitabine --- glycolysis --- phosphofructokinase --- natural polyphenols --- anticancer activities --- molecular mechanisms --- Streptomyces --- mangrove --- anti-proliferative --- colon cancer --- epithelial mesenchymal transition --- inflammation --- malignant cancer --- natural anti-inflammatory compounds --- pro-resolving lipids --- anticancer drugs --- flavonoids --- natural compounds --- Xenopus laevis --- AOM/DSS model --- melanoma cells --- nicotine --- α9-nAChR --- PD-L1 --- STAT3 --- gigantol --- AKT --- JAK/STAT --- cancer stem cell --- tumor maintenance --- tumor density --- proteomics --- honokiol --- anticancer --- mechanism --- signalling pathway --- uterine sarcoma --- fucoidan --- isobolography --- colchicine alkaloid --- mesoporous silica nanoparticles --- targeted delivery system --- PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor and cancer immunotherapy --- glucose transport --- drugs --- innate immunity --- β-glucans --- nutrition --- immunotherapy --- estrogen --- estrogen receptor alpha --- polyphenols --- daidzein --- daidzein metabolites --- paclitaxel --- breast cancer cells --- obesity --- renin–angiotensin system --- eicosapentaenoic acid --- adipocyte inflammation --- olive leaf extract --- oleuropein --- Seahorse analysis --- cancer metabolism --- glycolytic markers --- Malva pseudolavatera Webb & --- Berthel. --- acute myeloid leukemia --- reactive oxygen species --- brain cancer --- gliomas --- schwannomas --- malignant tumors of the peripheral nerve sheath (MPNST) --- neurofibromas --- bioavailability --- nanoparticle-based delivery systems --- natural bioactive compound --- gallic acid --- EGFR signaling --- p53 --- EGCG --- non-coding RNAs --- anti-cancer drug --- NSCLC --- EGFR TKI --- FASN inhibitors --- resistance --- n/a --- renin-angiotensin system
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Recent years have seen the idea of a close association between nutrition and the modulation of cancer development/progression reinforced. An increasing amount of experimental and epidemiological evidence has been produced supporting the concept that many different bioactive components of food (e.g. polyphenols, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, methyl-group donors, etc.) may be implicated in either the promotion of or the protection against carcinogenesis. At the cellular level, such compounds can have an impact on different but sometimes intertwined processes, such as growth and differentiation, DNA repair, programmed cell death, and oxidative stress. In addition, compelling evidence is starting to build up of the existence of primary epigenetic targets of dietary compounds, such as oncogenic/oncosuppressor miRNAs or DNA-modifying enzymes, which in turn impair gene expression and function. Since there is a growing interest in the study of the biochemical and molecular role played by food components and its impact on cellular processes and/or gene expressions directed towards the fine-tuning of cancer phenotypes, in this Special Issue researchers contributed with either research or review articles presenting the latest findings on the intracellular pathways and mechanisms affected by natural bioactive dietary molecules.
Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- berberine --- signaling pathways --- oncogenic cascades --- TRAIL --- microRNAs --- cancer therapy --- colon cancer cells --- ethanol --- Nrf2 --- HO-1 --- ER stress --- autophagy --- MMPs --- formononetin --- cancer --- preclinical models --- cell signaling --- angiogenesis --- nobiletin --- colorectal cancer --- chemoprevention --- bioactivities --- experimental therapeutics --- HDAC --- multiple myeloma --- oleacein --- breast cancer --- persistent organic pollutants --- breast cancer risk --- breast cancer prognostic --- systematic review --- carrageenan --- invasion --- metastasis --- RacGAP1 --- radiotherapy --- marine sponge --- natural product --- anticancer drug --- oral cancer inhibition --- phytochemicals --- small organic agents --- Piper eriopodon, alkenylphenols --- human cancer cells --- cell death --- apoptosis --- caspase-independent cell death --- XIAP antagonists --- XIAP-BIR3 domain --- Calocedrus formosana --- lung cancer --- yatein --- cell-cycle arrest --- xenograft --- isorhamnetin --- G2/M arrest --- ROS --- AMPK --- pancreatic cancer --- epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) --- gemcitabine --- glycolysis --- phosphofructokinase --- natural polyphenols --- anticancer activities --- molecular mechanisms --- Streptomyces --- mangrove --- anti-proliferative --- colon cancer --- epithelial mesenchymal transition --- inflammation --- malignant cancer --- natural anti-inflammatory compounds --- pro-resolving lipids --- anticancer drugs --- flavonoids --- natural compounds --- Xenopus laevis --- AOM/DSS model --- melanoma cells --- nicotine --- α9-nAChR --- PD-L1 --- STAT3 --- gigantol --- AKT --- JAK/STAT --- cancer stem cell --- tumor maintenance --- tumor density --- proteomics --- honokiol --- anticancer --- mechanism --- signalling pathway --- uterine sarcoma --- fucoidan --- isobolography --- colchicine alkaloid --- mesoporous silica nanoparticles --- targeted delivery system --- PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor and cancer immunotherapy --- glucose transport --- drugs --- innate immunity --- β-glucans --- nutrition --- immunotherapy --- estrogen --- estrogen receptor alpha --- polyphenols --- daidzein --- daidzein metabolites --- paclitaxel --- breast cancer cells --- obesity --- renin-angiotensin system --- eicosapentaenoic acid --- adipocyte inflammation --- olive leaf extract --- oleuropein --- Seahorse analysis --- cancer metabolism --- glycolytic markers --- Malva pseudolavatera Webb & --- Berthel. --- acute myeloid leukemia --- reactive oxygen species --- brain cancer --- gliomas --- schwannomas --- malignant tumors of the peripheral nerve sheath (MPNST) --- neurofibromas --- bioavailability --- nanoparticle-based delivery systems --- natural bioactive compound --- gallic acid --- EGFR signaling --- p53 --- EGCG --- non-coding RNAs --- anti-cancer drug --- NSCLC --- EGFR TKI --- FASN inhibitors --- resistance
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