Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a serine/threonine kinase, is a central regulator for human physiological activity. Deregulated mTOR signaling is implicated in a variety of disorders, such as cancer, obesity, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. The papers published in this Special Issue summarize the current understanding of the mTOR pathway and its role in the regulation of tissue regeneration, regulatory T cell differentiation and function, and different types of cancer including hematologic malignancies, skin, prostate, breast, and head and neck cancer. The findings highlight that targeting mTOR pathway is a promising strategy to fight against certain human diseases.

Medicine --- mTOR --- histone deacetylase --- prostate cancer --- integrins --- adhesion --- invasion --- cell metabolism --- T cells --- Foxp3 --- Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia --- targeted therapy --- metabolism --- cell signalling --- mTOR signalling --- head and neck cancer --- mutant genes --- biomarkers --- targeted therapies --- clinical trials --- cancers --- inhibitors --- photodynamic therapy --- PI3K --- Akt --- skin cancers --- phytochemicals --- melanoma --- basal cell carcinoma --- squamous cell carcinoma --- Merkel cell carcinoma --- TNBC --- eribulin --- PI3K/AKT/mTOR --- everolimus --- combination --- synergy --- mTOR signaling --- tissue regeneration --- neuron --- muscle --- liver --- intestine --- hematologic malignancies --- regulatory T cells --- tumor --- mTOR --- histone deacetylase --- prostate cancer --- integrins --- adhesion --- invasion --- cell metabolism --- T cells --- Foxp3 --- Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia --- targeted therapy --- metabolism --- cell signalling --- mTOR signalling --- head and neck cancer --- mutant genes --- biomarkers --- targeted therapies --- clinical trials --- cancers --- inhibitors --- photodynamic therapy --- PI3K --- Akt --- skin cancers --- phytochemicals --- melanoma --- basal cell carcinoma --- squamous cell carcinoma --- Merkel cell carcinoma --- TNBC --- eribulin --- PI3K/AKT/mTOR --- everolimus --- combination --- synergy --- mTOR signaling --- tissue regeneration --- neuron --- muscle --- liver --- intestine --- hematologic malignancies --- regulatory T cells --- tumor

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Polyamines are small organic compounds found in all living organisms. In recent years, there have been many exciting advances in our understanding of plant polyamines, such as the determination of the biosynthetic and catabolic pathways of plant polyamines and the identification of the roles that plant polyamines play in cellular processes. This Special Issue contains six original research papers and three review articles, providing valuable insights and information for future polyamine-related research.

polyamine oxidase --- norspermidine --- thermospermine --- Selaginella lepidophylla --- Arabidopsis thaliana mutant --- polyamines --- spermidine --- nonsense-mediated decay --- no-go decay --- non-stop decay --- quality control --- translation --- copper amine oxidases --- H2O2 --- ROS --- ABA --- stomatal closure --- back conversion pathway --- polyamine catabolism --- stress response --- terminal catabolism pathway --- Ranunculus biternatus --- Ranunculus pseudotrullifolius --- Ranunculus moseleyi --- secondary metabolite variation --- amines --- quercetins --- natural populations --- environment --- redundancy --- sub-Antarctic plants --- Arabidopsis --- phloem --- rice --- spermine --- xylem --- nitrogen metabolism --- abiotic and biotic stress --- hydrogen peroxide --- antioxidant machinery --- heat shock proteins --- heat stress --- polyamine oxidases --- PA acetylation --- PA oxidation --- PA back-conversion --- putrescine --- tomato --- spermidine synthase --- fruit shape --- cell division --- cell expansion --- copper amine oxidase

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Plants provide the foundation for the structure and function, as well as interactions, among organisms in both tropical and temperate zone habitats. To date, many investigations have revealed patterns and mechanisms generating plant diversity at various scales and from diverse ecological perspectives. However, in the era of climate change, anthropogenic disturbance, and rapid urbanization, new insights are needed to understand how plant species in these forest habitats are changing and adapting. Investigations of plants in both little-disturbed, more natural environments, as well as in urban areas in which crucial green infrastructure is ever more important for sustaining complex human societies are needed. This Special Issue of Forests will focus on plant variation from the perspectives of morphology, genetics, and function, especially plant interactions with biotic and abiotic factors. Research articles may address any aspect of plant evolution and community phylogenetics (explorations of patterns and mechanisms from diverse organismal levels, e.g., molecular, population, species, community, landscape, and ecosystem), plant functional traits (e.g., nutrient traits of leaf, stem, root; reproductive traits of flower, fruit, seed), and/or responses of plant species to changing environments (e.g., water, atmosphere, soil, human activities). Studies providing quantitative evaluation or description of interactions of plants with animals and microbes, both in natural and urban environments, including terrestrial and aquatic systems, are also welcome.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Forestry & related industries --- Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg. --- HbMad-box genes --- conserved domains --- gene structures --- expression profiles --- stress treatments --- microsatellite locus --- Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium --- genetic differentiation --- breeding population --- artificial selection --- Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. --- transcripts --- transcriptome assembly --- simple sequence repeats --- transcription factors --- cytochrome p450 --- glycotransferases --- metabolic pathway --- grafting --- pecan --- miRNA --- graft union --- sequencing --- edible forest product --- forest biology --- macro-fungi --- non-timber forest products (NTFPs) --- Pan-Pearl River Delta --- allometry --- anatomy --- Polygonatum odoratum --- Polygonatum multiflorum --- shape --- shoot --- endophytes --- medicinal plants --- pathogen --- molecular identification --- plant-microbe interaction --- gas exchange --- chlorophyll fluorescence --- growth trait --- genetic variation --- early selection --- pedunculate oak --- drought --- stress --- memory --- flushing --- autumn leaf senescence --- phenological shift --- carry-over effect --- mangroves --- DNA barcoding --- species identification --- phylogenetic relation --- moso bamboo --- heat shock factor gene --- abiotic stresses --- co-expression --- yellow-green leaf mutant --- transcriptome --- antenna protein --- photosynthesis --- birch --- Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen --- genetic diversity --- population structure --- EST-SSR marker --- microsatellite marker --- rosewood --- conservation --- Pinus massoniana --- introgression hybrid --- RNA sequencing --- DEGs --- reproduction --- phenology --- leafing out --- flowering --- senescence --- cumulative logistic regression --- hawthorn --- provenance trial --- non-local populations --- variance analysis --- lime application --- understory removal --- microbial community --- forest management --- Eucalyptus --- protogyny (PG) --- protandry (PA) --- pollen viability --- seed success --- polyploidy --- phosphate solubilizing bacteria --- nutrition --- oil tea --- Lagerstroemia species --- simple sequence repeat markers --- bulked segregant analysis --- creeping trait --- plant architecture --- climate change --- forest biodiversity --- plant–environment interactions --- plant traits --- urbanization --- Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg. --- HbMad-box genes --- conserved domains --- gene structures --- expression profiles --- stress treatments --- microsatellite locus --- Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium --- genetic differentiation --- breeding population --- artificial selection --- Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. --- transcripts --- transcriptome assembly --- simple sequence repeats --- transcription factors --- cytochrome p450 --- glycotransferases --- metabolic pathway --- grafting --- pecan --- miRNA --- graft union --- sequencing --- edible forest product --- forest biology --- macro-fungi --- non-timber forest products (NTFPs) --- Pan-Pearl River Delta --- allometry --- anatomy --- Polygonatum odoratum --- Polygonatum multiflorum --- shape --- shoot --- endophytes --- medicinal plants --- pathogen --- molecular identification --- plant-microbe interaction --- gas exchange --- chlorophyll fluorescence --- growth trait --- genetic variation --- early selection --- pedunculate oak --- drought --- stress --- memory --- flushing --- autumn leaf senescence --- phenological shift --- carry-over effect --- mangroves --- DNA barcoding --- species identification --- phylogenetic relation --- moso bamboo --- heat shock factor gene --- abiotic stresses --- co-expression --- yellow-green leaf mutant --- transcriptome --- antenna protein --- photosynthesis --- birch --- Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen --- genetic diversity --- population structure --- EST-SSR marker --- microsatellite marker --- rosewood --- conservation --- Pinus massoniana --- introgression hybrid --- RNA sequencing --- DEGs --- reproduction --- phenology --- leafing out --- flowering --- senescence --- cumulative logistic regression --- hawthorn --- provenance trial --- non-local populations --- variance analysis --- lime application --- understory removal --- microbial community --- forest management --- Eucalyptus --- protogyny (PG) --- protandry (PA) --- pollen viability --- seed success --- polyploidy --- phosphate solubilizing bacteria --- nutrition --- oil tea --- Lagerstroemia species --- simple sequence repeat markers --- bulked segregant analysis --- creeping trait --- plant architecture --- climate change --- forest biodiversity --- plant–environment interactions --- plant traits --- urbanization

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The pestiviruses encompass some of the most economically important viral infections in the cattle, swine, and sheep industries worldwide. Discovered more than 70 years ago, bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and classical swine fever virus (CSFV) were long the main concern, but many new pestiviruses have emerged in recent years, which may also present additional threats to biosecurity and food safety. This issue brings together contributions from multiple disciplines – virology, immunology, veterinary clinical medicine, epidemiology, and pathology – on the subject of BVDV and related pestiviruses, and cover host–virus interactions, virus–cell interactions, cross-species transmission as well as the role of wildlife species as reservoirs of some of the pestiviruses.

Linda virus --- serological profile --- virus neutralization assay --- virus pathogenicity --- humoral immune response --- pestivirus --- pig --- APPV --- phylogenetic analysis --- Italy --- bvdv --- epidemiology --- reindeer --- border disease virus --- Norway --- Pestivirus --- BVDV --- CD46 --- life cell imaging --- attachment --- surface transport --- experimental infection --- natural infection --- pigs --- bovine viral diarrhoea virus --- persistent testicular infection --- prolonged testicular infection --- bovine --- testes --- semen --- wild boar --- ML tree --- Clade --- Bungowannah virus --- pestivirus F --- ruminant infection --- foetus --- porcine --- real-time PCR --- serology --- virology --- bovine viral diarrhea virus --- cytopathic BVDV --- immunosuppression --- lymphocyte apoptosis --- monocyte-derived macrophages --- non-cytopathic BVDV --- Australia --- deer --- prevalence --- ruminants --- serosurveillance --- wildlife disease --- diarrhea --- bovine respiratory disease --- milk production --- somatic cells count (SCC) --- reproductive performance --- BVDV persistent infection --- fetus --- thymus --- immune response --- flavivirus --- reverse genetics --- single round infectious particle --- bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) --- escape mutant --- ERNS --- adaptation --- CRISPR --- knockout --- MDBK --- cell entry --- pestiviruses --- congenital tremor type A-II --- persistent infection --- rangeland beef herds --- northern Australia --- atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) --- viral persistence --- congenital tremor --- swine --- asymptomatic --- genomic sequence --- purifying selection --- bovine pestiviruses --- bovine viral diarrhoea --- vaccination --- control --- diagnosis --- antigenic cross-reactivity --- n/a

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Integrative omics of plants in response to stress conditions play more crucial roles in the post-genomic era. High-quality genomic data provide more deeper understanding of how plants to survive under environmental stresses. This book is focused on concluding the recent progress in the Protein and Proteome Atlas in plants under different stresses. It covers various aspects of plant protein ranging from agricultural proteomics, structure and function of proteins, and approaches for protein identification and quantification.

phosphoproteomics --- GLU1 --- somatic embryogenesis --- CHA-SQ-1 --- nitrogen fertilizer --- chilling stress --- differentially abundant proteins --- ATP synthase --- photosynthetic parameters --- photosynthesis --- constitutive splicing --- phosphorylation --- Jatropha curcas --- plants under stress --- postharvest freshness --- Alternanthera philoxeroides --- rubber latex --- Millettia pinnata --- molecular and biochemical basis --- filling kernel --- drought stress --- comparative proteomic analysis --- domain --- micro-exons --- phylogeny --- phos-tagTM --- E. angustifolia --- root cell elongation --- ABA --- pollen abortion --- lncRNA --- transcriptome --- radish --- redox homeostasis --- Nelumbo nucifera --- sugar beet --- shotgun proteomics --- proteomes --- high-temperature stress --- post-genomics era --- model plant --- salt tolerance --- miRNA --- wheat --- physiological response --- stress --- visual proteome map --- transcriptional dynamics --- leaf --- maize --- Dunaliella salina --- phosphatidylinositol --- S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase --- Gossypium hirsutum --- flavonoid biosynthesis --- phosphatase --- wood vinegar --- heat shock proteins --- silicate limitation --- purine metabolism --- natural rubber biosynthesis --- ancient genes --- cotton --- rubber grass --- abiotic stress --- heat stress --- maturation --- low-temperature stress --- molecular basis --- transcriptome sequencing --- ROS scavenging --- widely targeted metabolomics --- transdifferentiation --- seed development --- alternative splicing --- cultivars --- inositol --- salt stress --- chlorophyll fluorescence parameters --- proteome --- carbon fixation --- AGPase --- transcript-metabolite network --- molecular mechanisms --- Triticum aestivum L. --- Zea mays L. --- ROS --- label-free quantification --- woody oilseed plants --- heat-sensitive spinach variety --- MIPS --- quantitative proteomics --- regulated mechanism --- two-dimensional gel electrophoresis --- potassium --- glutathione --- Salinity stress --- integrated omics --- diatom --- ATP synthase CF1 alpha subunit (chloroplast) --- root --- proteome atlas --- brittle-2 --- mass spectrometry --- genomics --- Taraxacum kok-saghyz --- cytomorphology --- proteomics --- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi --- signaling pathway --- proteomic --- loss-of-function mutant --- rice --- seedling --- wucai --- leaf sheath --- root and shoot --- antioxidant enzyme --- exon-intron structure diversity --- isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation --- regulation and metabolism --- concerted network --- drought --- heat response --- VIGS --- iTRAQ --- nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) --- stem