Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Gas chromatography. --- Gas-liquid chromatography --- GLC (Chromatographic analysis) --- Vapor-phase chromatography --- Chromatographic analysis

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

In the field of Analytical Chemistry and, in particular, whenever a quali-quantitative analysis is required, until a few years ago, reference was made exclusively to instrumental methods (more or less hyphenated) which, once validated, were able to provide the answers to the questions present, even if only in a limited way to analytical targets. Nowadays, the landscape has become considerably complicated (natural adulterants, assessment of geographical origin, sophistication, need for non-destructive analysis, search for often unknown compounds), and new procedures for processing data have greatly increased the potential of analyses that are conducted (even routinely) in the laboratory. In this scenario, chemometrics is master, able to manage and process a huge amount of information based both on data relating only to the analytes of interest, but also by applying “general” procedures to process raw untargeted analysis data. It is within this strand of analysis that many of the works reported in this Special Issue fall. In the succession of works in this printed version, the criterion that guided us was to highlight how—starting exclusively from chromatographic techniques (HPLC and GC) with conventional detectors and moving to exclusively spectroscopic techniques (MS, FT-IR and Raman)—it is possible arrive at extremely powerful coupled techniques and procedures (HPLC and FT-IR) able to meet research needs. Finally, at the end of the printed volume, there are two reviews that surveying the state of the art regarding the assessment of authenticity through qualitative analyses and the application of chemometrics in the pharmaceutical field in the study of forced drug degradation products. From the succession of works (and, above all, from the various application fields) it can immediately be seen how the application of chemometrics and its procedures to both raw and processed data is a powerful means of obtaining robust, reproducible, and predictive information. In this manner, it is possible to create models able to explain and respond to the original problem in a much more detailed way. , and Honghe through Fourier transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectra combined with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), random forest (RF), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) methods. Melucci and collaborators apply chemometric approaches to non-destructive analysis of ATR-FT-IR for the determination of biosilica content. This value was directly evaluated in sediment samples, without any chemical alteration, using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and the quantification was performed by combining the multivariate standard addition method (MSAM) with the net analyte signal (NAS) procedure to solve the strong matrix effect of sediment samples. Still in the food and food supplements field, Anguebes-Franseschi and collaborators report an article where 10 chemometric models based on Raman spectroscopy were applied to predict the physicochemical properties of honey produced in the state of Campeche, Mexico.

Medicine --- Paris polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis --- multivariate analysis --- chemometrics --- Fourier transform infrared --- amino acids --- reversed-phase liquid chromatography --- gradient elution --- retention prediction --- artificial neural network --- Macrohyporia cocos --- data fusion --- liquid chromatography --- fourier transform infrared spectroscopy --- partial least squares discriminant analysis --- authentication --- Gastrodia elata tuber --- quality evaluation --- HPLC --- QAMS --- Ranae Oviductus --- identification --- protein --- RP-HPLC --- fingerprint --- fish and seafood --- food authentication --- fingerprinting --- wild and farmed --- geographical origin --- vibrational spectroscopy --- absorption/fluorescence spectroscopy --- nuclear magnetic resonance --- hyperspectral imaging --- saffron --- adulteration --- food authenticity --- gas-chromatography --- eupatorin --- UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS --- metabolism --- in vivo and in vitro --- rat liver microsomes --- rat intestinal flora --- untargeted metabolomics --- PARAFAC2 --- alignment --- gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) --- prostate carcinoma --- forced degradation --- degradation products --- stress test --- diatoms --- biogenic silica --- ATR-FTIR --- NAS --- quality control --- Raman spectroscopy --- honey --- PLS regression models --- physicochemical parameters

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Five years of Separations are celebrated by a collection of ten feature articles: one review and nine research articles on topics of current interest. Applications of Gas Chromatography for the Analysis of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Biological Matrices are presented focusing on novel extraction techniques and novel materials used for sample preparation due to the great demand for method development for the determination of TCAs in biofluids, especially for therapeutic drug monitoring. Original research articles include the following: 1. Insights into the Mechanism of Separation of Bisphosphonates by Zwitterionic Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography: Application to the Quantitation of Risedronate in Pharmaceuticals. 2. A method based on micro-matrix solid-phase dispersion (μ-MSPD) followed by gas-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS), developed to analyze UV filters in personal care products. 3. The performance of a vibratory shear-enhanced process (VSEP) combined with an appropriate membrane unit for the treatment of simulated or industrial tannery wastewaters. 4. A method for the analysis of thyroid hormones by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry that was used for the dissolution testing of single- and dual-component thyroid hormone supplements via a two-stage biorelevant dissolution procedure. 5. A method involving the collection and determination of organic and inorganic gunshot residues on hands using online in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) coupled to miniaturized capillary liquid chromatography with diode array detection (CapLC-DAD) and scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersion X-ray (SEM-EDX), respectively, for quantifying both residues. 6. The gas chromatographic retention behavior of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and alkylated PAHs on a new ionic liquid stationary phase, 1,12-di(tripropylphosphonium) dodecane bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (SLB®-ILPAH) intended for the separation of PAH mixtures, which was compared with the elution pattern on more traditional stationary phases: a non-polar phenyl arylene (DB-5ms) and a semipolar 50% phenyl dimethyl siloxane (SLB PAHms) column. 7. The Multiple-Stage Precursor Ion Separation and High Resolution Mass Spectrometry toward Structural Characterization of 2,3-Diacyltrehalose Family from Mycobacterium tuberculosis 8. The use of micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) for studying the hydrophobic character of modified Monomethyl Auristatin E derivatives, as Novel Candidates for the Design of Antibody–Drug Conjugates, which are promising state-of-the-art biopharmaceutical drugs for selective drug-delivery applications and the treatment of diseases such as cancer. 9. The use of recycled diatomaceous earth as the extraction phase in solid phase microextraction (SPME) technique for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in river water samples, with separation/detection performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

recycled diatomaceous earth --- solid phase microextraction --- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons --- gas chromatography-mass spectrometry --- antibody-drug conjugate --- biopharmaceutical --- cytotoxicity --- hydrophobicity --- micellar electrokinetic chromatography --- tandem mass spectrometry --- linear ion trap --- glycolipid --- diacyltrehalose --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- bisphosphonates --- risedronate --- zoledronate --- tiludronate --- ZIC-HILIC --- PDA --- quantitation --- tablets --- ionic liquid stationary phase --- gas chromatography --- chromatographic selectivity --- alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (alkylated PAHs) --- diphenylamine --- gunshot residues --- hands --- dry cotton swab --- in-tube solid-phase extraction --- capillary liquid chromatography --- SEM-EDX --- thyroid --- dissolution --- liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry --- membrane filtration-treatment --- membrane type-operation --- membrane fouling mechanism --- tannery industrial wastewater --- vibratory shear-enhanced process (VSEP) --- tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) --- sample treatment --- biological fluids --- UV filters --- matrix solid-phase dispersion --- μ-MSPD --- miniaturized extraction technique --- GC–MS/MS --- cosmetic analysis --- personal care products --- fragrance allergens --- preservatives --- plasticizers --- synthetic musks

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Food safety and quality represent a major concern worldwide, not only for the potential risk to consumers’ health but also for the economic losses occurring in food industries. A complete quality system involves raw matter, environmental conditions, production processes, storage and distribution, taking into account the purpose for which the end product is intended. Appropriate analytical methods combined with good hygiene practices are essential to ensure a safe food supply and/or to minimize the occurrence of foodborne outbreaks due to the consumption of food contaminated with pathogens such as bacteria, fungi and parasites. On the other hand, the lack of measures able to detect quality deterioration, spoilage, authenticity and adulteration, as well as texture, rheology and sensory properties of food can affect the food industry economy and reduce consumer confidence. The use of rapid analytical methods can benefit food companies in saving time and cost, indicating the importance of developing new reliable assays for good and fast control of products throughout the whole food chain.

honey --- water activity --- moisture content --- regression --- categorical testing --- QuEChERS --- dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction --- sulfuric acid treatment --- gas chromatography --- tandem mass spectrometry --- priority substances --- fish samples --- Trichinella spp. --- slaughterhouse --- accreditation --- proficiency testing --- PAH content --- Hercegovačka pečenica --- traditional smoking --- industrial smoking --- Listeria monocytogenes --- outbreak --- molecular methods --- real-time PCR --- screening --- Anisakis spp. --- LAMP --- validation --- anisakidae family --- NIR --- PLS --- PCA --- correlogram --- sensory analysis --- gold nanoparticles --- histamine --- UV-visible and fluorescence --- visual detection --- spoilage marker --- safety --- assay --- pollutants --- polyciclic aromatic hydrocarbons --- Trichinella --- Anisakis --- nanoparticles

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Five years of Separations are celebrated by a collection of ten feature articles: one review and nine research articles on topics of current interest. Applications of Gas Chromatography for the Analysis of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Biological Matrices are presented focusing on novel extraction techniques and novel materials used for sample preparation due to the great demand for method development for the determination of TCAs in biofluids, especially for therapeutic drug monitoring. Original research articles include the following: 1. Insights into the Mechanism of Separation of Bisphosphonates by Zwitterionic Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography: Application to the Quantitation of Risedronate in Pharmaceuticals. 2. A method based on micro-matrix solid-phase dispersion (μ-MSPD) followed by gas-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS), developed to analyze UV filters in personal care products. 3. The performance of a vibratory shear-enhanced process (VSEP) combined with an appropriate membrane unit for the treatment of simulated or industrial tannery wastewaters. 4. A method for the analysis of thyroid hormones by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry that was used for the dissolution testing of single- and dual-component thyroid hormone supplements via a two-stage biorelevant dissolution procedure. 5. A method involving the collection and determination of organic and inorganic gunshot residues on hands using online in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) coupled to miniaturized capillary liquid chromatography with diode array detection (CapLC-DAD) and scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersion X-ray (SEM-EDX), respectively, for quantifying both residues. 6. The gas chromatographic retention behavior of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and alkylated PAHs on a new ionic liquid stationary phase, 1,12-di(tripropylphosphonium) dodecane bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (SLB®-ILPAH) intended for the separation of PAH mixtures, which was compared with the elution pattern on more traditional stationary phases: a non-polar phenyl arylene (DB-5ms) and a semipolar 50% phenyl dimethyl siloxane (SLB PAHms) column. 7. The Multiple-Stage Precursor Ion Separation and High Resolution Mass Spectrometry toward Structural Characterization of 2,3-Diacyltrehalose Family from Mycobacterium tuberculosis 8. The use of micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) for studying the hydrophobic character of modified Monomethyl Auristatin E derivatives, as Novel Candidates for the Design of Antibody–Drug Conjugates, which are promising state-of-the-art biopharmaceutical drugs for selective drug-delivery applications and the treatment of diseases such as cancer. 9. The use of recycled diatomaceous earth as the extraction phase in solid phase microextraction (SPME) technique for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in river water samples, with separation/detection performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Research & information: general --- recycled diatomaceous earth --- solid phase microextraction --- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons --- gas chromatography-mass spectrometry --- antibody-drug conjugate --- biopharmaceutical --- cytotoxicity --- hydrophobicity --- micellar electrokinetic chromatography --- tandem mass spectrometry --- linear ion trap --- glycolipid --- diacyltrehalose --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- bisphosphonates --- risedronate --- zoledronate --- tiludronate --- ZIC-HILIC --- PDA --- quantitation --- tablets --- ionic liquid stationary phase --- gas chromatography --- chromatographic selectivity --- alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (alkylated PAHs) --- diphenylamine --- gunshot residues --- hands --- dry cotton swab --- in-tube solid-phase extraction --- capillary liquid chromatography --- SEM-EDX --- thyroid --- dissolution --- liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry --- membrane filtration-treatment --- membrane type-operation --- membrane fouling mechanism --- tannery industrial wastewater --- vibratory shear-enhanced process (VSEP) --- tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) --- sample treatment --- biological fluids --- UV filters --- matrix solid-phase dispersion --- μ-MSPD --- miniaturized extraction technique --- GC–MS/MS --- cosmetic analysis --- personal care products --- fragrance allergens --- preservatives --- plasticizers --- synthetic musks --- recycled diatomaceous earth --- solid phase microextraction --- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons --- gas chromatography-mass spectrometry --- antibody-drug conjugate --- biopharmaceutical --- cytotoxicity --- hydrophobicity --- micellar electrokinetic chromatography --- tandem mass spectrometry --- linear ion trap --- glycolipid --- diacyltrehalose --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- bisphosphonates --- risedronate --- zoledronate --- tiludronate --- ZIC-HILIC --- PDA --- quantitation --- tablets --- ionic liquid stationary phase --- gas chromatography --- chromatographic selectivity --- alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (alkylated PAHs) --- diphenylamine --- gunshot residues --- hands --- dry cotton swab --- in-tube solid-phase extraction --- capillary liquid chromatography --- SEM-EDX --- thyroid --- dissolution --- liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry --- membrane filtration-treatment --- membrane type-operation --- membrane fouling mechanism --- tannery industrial wastewater --- vibratory shear-enhanced process (VSEP) --- tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) --- sample treatment --- biological fluids --- UV filters --- matrix solid-phase dispersion --- μ-MSPD --- miniaturized extraction technique --- GC–MS/MS --- cosmetic analysis --- personal care products --- fragrance allergens --- preservatives --- plasticizers --- synthetic musks