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This paper presents Liberia's Request for Disbursement Under the Rapid Credit Facility. The economic impact of the pandemic is hitting the poorest with little social safety net, and food security of those relying on uncertain daily income is a pressing concern. The authorities have responded by taking revenue and expenditure measures to support emergency food aid for the poor; improving monitoring and control of spending; and safeguarding scarce foreign exchange reserves. Preliminary data suggest that performance under the Extended Credit Facility-supported program has been weak, though the authorities are fully committed to address the weaknesses. In order to address the shortage of Liberian dollars and the growing need for more US dollar liquidity, the authorities have contracted the printing of additional Liberian dollar bank notes and are formulating measures for inclusion in the FY2021 budget to augment US dollar liquidity.

Debts, External

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International Debt Statistics (IDS), a long-standing annual publication of the World Bank, features external debt statistics and analysis for the 120 low- and middle-income countries that report to the World Bank Debtor Reporting System. IDS 2021 includes (1) an overview analyzing global trends in debt stocks of and debt flows to low- and middle-income countries within the framework of aggregate capital flows (debt and equity); (2) a feature story on the World Bank and International Monetary Fund Debt Service Suspension Initiative in response to the COVID-19 pandemic; (3) tables and charts detailing debtor and creditor composition of debt stock and flows, terms of new commitments, and maturity structure of future debt service payments and debt burdens, measured in relation to gross national income and export earnings for each country; (4) one-page summaries per country, plus global, regional, and income group aggregates showing debt stocks and flows, relevant debt indicators, and metadata for six years (2009 and 2015+"19); and (5) a user guide describing the tables and content, definitions and rationale for the country and income groupings used in the report, data notes, and information about additional resources and comprehensive data sets available to users online. Unique in its coverage of the important trends and issues fundamental to the financing of low- and middle-income countries, IDS 2021 is an indispensable resource for governments, economists, investors, financial consultants, academics, bankers, and the entire development community. For more information on IDS 2021 and related products, please visit the World Bank's Data Catalog at https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/international-debt-statistics.

Debts, External --- Finance

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The International Monetary Fund (IMF)'s Statistics Department (STA) conducted a technical assistance (TA) mission to support the Central Bank of Montenegro (CBM) for the compilation of external sector statistics (ESS) in Montenegro during January 20-31, 2020. The mission was funded by Eurostat to meet the European Union (EU)'s acquis1 from the ESS perspective. The CBM has already met most of the EU requirements in ESS. The main outstanding issue is a production of international investment position (IIP) quarterly.

Technical assistance. --- Investments, Foreign --- Debts, External --- Banks and banking

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Une approche critique de l'histoire de la Banque mondiale, passant en revue son action depuis sa fondation en 1944, sa direction, ses objectifs affichés et avérés, son influence, son idéologie et son positionnement géopolitique. Son rôle dans l'endettement des pays du Sud et sa promotion des inégalités dans sa conception du développement sont analysés. Avec sept études territoriales.

Histoire économique --- Banque internationale pour la reconstruction et le développement --- Histoire. --- Banks and banking, International --- Banques internationales --- International economic relations --- Relations économiques internationales --- Law and legislation --- Droit --- History. --- Histoire --- World Bank --- Debts, External --- Developing countries --- Poverty - Developing countries --- Economic assistance - Developing countries --- World Bank - History --- World Bank - Evaluation --- Wereldbank --- Geschiedenis

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Finance & Development, September 2020.

Financial Risk Management --- Macroeconomics --- Environmental Economics --- Diseases: Contagious --- Climate --- Natural Disasters and Their Management --- Global Warming --- Health Behavior --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Health: General --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- Infectious & contagious diseases --- Finance --- Climate change --- Health economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Health --- COVID-19 --- Education --- Public debt --- Communicable diseases --- Climatic changes --- Debts, External --- Debts, Public --- United States