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This second edition of Design of Observational Studies is both an introduction to statistical inference in observational studies and a detailed discussion of the principles that guide the design of observational studies. An observational study is an empiric investigation of effects caused by treatments when randomized experimentation is unethical or infeasible. Observational studies are common in most fields that study the effects of treatments on people, including medicine, economics, epidemiology, education, psychology, political science and sociology. The quality and strength of evidence provided by an observational study is determined largely by its design. Design of Observational Studies is organized into five parts. Chapters 2, 3, and 5 of Part I cover concisely many of the ideas discussed in Rosenbaum’s Observational Studies (also published by Springer) but in a less technical fashion. Part II discusses the practical aspects of using propensity scores and other tools to create a matched comparison that balances many covariates, and includes an updated chapter on matching in R. In Part III, the concept of design sensitivity is used to appraise the relative ability of competing designs to distinguish treatment effects from biases due to unmeasured covariates. Part IV is new to this edition; it discusses evidence factors and the computerized construction of more than one comparison group. Part V discusses planning the analysis of an observational study, with particular reference to Sir Ronald Fisher’s striking advice for observational studies: "make your theories elaborate." This new edition features updated exploration of causal influence, with four new chapters, a new R package DOS2 designed as a companion for the book, and discussion of several of the latest matching packages for R. In particular, DOS2 allows readers to reproduce many analyses from Design of Observational Studies.

Statistics . --- Probabilities. --- Econometrics. --- Biostatistics. --- Psychology—Methodology. --- Psychological measurement. --- Social sciences. --- Statistical Theory and Methods. --- Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes. --- Psychological Methods/Evaluation. --- Methodology of the Social Sciences. --- Behavioral sciences --- Human sciences --- Sciences, Social --- Social science --- Social studies --- Civilization --- Measurement, Mental --- Measurement, Psychological --- Psychological measurement --- Psychological scaling --- Psychological statistics --- Psychology --- Psychometry (Psychophysics) --- Scaling, Psychological --- Psychological tests --- Scaling (Social sciences) --- Biological statistics --- Biology --- Biometrics (Biology) --- Biostatistics --- Biomathematics --- Statistics --- Economics, Mathematical --- Probability --- Statistical inference --- Combinations --- Mathematics --- Chance --- Least squares --- Mathematical statistics --- Risk --- Statistical analysis --- Statistical data --- Statistical methods --- Statistical science --- Econometrics --- Measurement --- Scaling --- Methodology --- Experimental design. --- Analysis of variance. --- ANOVA (Analysis of variance) --- Variance analysis --- Experimental design --- Design of experiments --- Statistical design --- Mathematical optimization --- Research --- Science --- Statistical decision --- Analysis of means --- Analysis of variance --- Experiments

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This book derives from the Special Issue of the Manufacturing Engineering Society 2019 (SIMES-2019) that has been launched as a joint issue of the journals Materials and Applied Sciences. The 29 contributions published in this Special Issue of Materials present cutting-edge advances in the field of manufacturing engineering focusing on additive manufacturing and 3D printing; advances and innovations in manufacturing processes; sustainable and green manufacturing; manufacturing of new materials; metrology and quality in manufacturing; industry 4.0; design, modeling, and simulation in manufacturing engineering; and manufacturing engineering and society. Among them, the topic "Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing" has attracted a large number of contributions in this journal due to its widespread popularity and potential.

History of engineering & technology --- Bayesian inference --- control chart --- dynamic methodology --- hidden Markov chain --- occupational accident --- risk assessment --- risk control --- risk management --- Fused Deposition Modeling --- roughness --- Polylactic Acid --- print orientation angle --- build angle --- titanium alloys --- sustainable lubrication --- cryogenic lubrication --- MQL --- OD grinding --- CBN --- dressing --- rotary dresser --- wear --- CVD diamond --- additive manufacturing --- 3D printing --- fused filament fabrication --- flexural properties --- fatigue --- PLA --- cements --- ballast waste --- cornubianite --- mechanical properties --- Spain --- joining --- forming --- sheet–tube connections --- experimentation --- modelling and simulation --- quality enhancement --- process parameters --- design optimization --- calibration artifact --- kinematic support --- dimensional metrology --- machine tool --- length measurement --- rapid prototyping --- efficiency --- printing time --- experimental model --- prepeg --- carbon fiber --- Raman spectroscopy --- AWJM --- waterjet --- CFRP --- kerf taper --- surface quality --- metal forming --- bi-metallic --- cylinders --- compression --- finite elements --- microscopy --- cold expansion --- mandrel --- cold-forming --- swaging --- shipbuilding --- LARG paradigm --- supply chain --- coordinate metrology --- confocal microscopy --- measurement --- calibration --- traceability --- uncertainty --- quality assessment --- digital image correlation --- indentation process --- incremental forming --- finite element method --- material flow --- AWJM (Abrasive waterjet machining) --- CFRTP (Carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastics) --- RSM (response surface methodology) --- ANOVA (Analysis of variance) --- C/TPU (carbon/polyurethane) --- image processing --- position control --- accuracy --- micromachines --- position compensation --- inverse conical perspective --- micromanufacturing --- manufacturing systems --- mechatronics --- FDM --- bimodulus materials --- standards --- finite element analysis (FEA) --- ABS --- anisotropy --- infill density --- layer orientation --- ASTM D638–14:2014 --- ISO 527–2:2012 --- grounding electrodes in two-layered soils --- step and touch potentials --- step potentials upper bound --- orthoses --- prostheses --- fused deposition modeling --- laminated object manufacturing --- selective laser sintering --- laser tracker --- Monte Carlo method --- verification --- green manufacturing --- sustainability metrics --- cleaner product life cycle --- material removal processes --- hybrid components --- light alloys --- magnesium --- aluminum --- drilling --- dry machining --- cold compressed air --- lubrication and cooling systems --- arithmetical mean roughness --- Ra --- average maximum height --- Rz --- repair and maintenance operations --- fused deposition modelling --- composites --- polymer injection moulding --- polyamide --- metal matrix composite --- Al-SiC --- microstructure --- machining --- cooling compressed air --- thrust force --- energy --- material removed rate --- PEEK-GF30 --- multi-response optimization --- sustainable manufacturing --- metrology --- industry 4.0 --- modeling and simulation --- quality in manufacturing --- technological and industrial heritage

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In recent years, many technologies for gait and posture assessments have emerged. Wearable sensors, active and passive in-house monitors, and many combinations thereof all promise to provide accurate measures of physical activity, gait, and posture parameters. Motivated by market projections for wearable technologies and driven by recent technological innovations in wearable sensors (MEMs, electronic textiles, wireless communications, etc.), wearable health/performance research is growing rapidly and has the potential to transform future healthcare from disease treatment to disease prevention. The objective of this Special Issue is to address and disseminate the latest gait, posture, and activity monitoring systems as well as various mathematical models/methods that characterize mobility functions. This Special Issue focuses on wearable monitoring systems and physical sensors, and its mathematical models can be utilized in varied environments under varied conditions to monitor health and performance

Humanities --- Social interaction --- step detection --- machine learning --- outlier detection --- transition matrices --- autoencoders --- ground reaction force (GRF) --- micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) --- gait --- walk --- bipedal locomotion --- 3-axis force sensor --- shoe --- force distribution --- multi-sensor gait classification --- distributed compressed sensing --- joint sparse representation classification --- telemonitoring of gait --- operating range --- accelerometer --- stride length --- peak tibial acceleration --- running velocity --- wearable sensors --- feedback technology --- rehabilitation --- motor control --- cerebral palsy --- inertial sensors --- gait events --- spatiotemporal parameters --- postural control --- falls in the elderly --- fall risk assessment --- low-cost instrumented insoles --- foot plantar center of pressure --- flexible sensor --- gait recognition --- piezoelectric material --- wearable --- adaptability --- force sensitive resistors --- self-tuning triple threshold algorithm --- sweat sensor --- sweat rate --- dehydration --- IoT --- PDMS --- surface electromyography --- handgrip force --- force-varying muscle contraction --- nonlinear analysis --- wavelet scale selection --- inertial measurement unit --- gyroscope --- asymmetry --- feature extraction --- gait analysis --- lower limb prosthesis --- trans-femoral amputee --- MR damper --- knee damping control --- inertial measurement units --- motion analysis --- kinematics --- functional activity --- repeatability --- reliability --- biomechanics --- cognitive frailty --- cognitive-motor impairment --- Alzheimer's disease --- motor planning error --- instrumented trail-making task --- ankle reaching task --- dual task walking --- nondestructive --- joint moment --- partial weight loading --- muscle contributions --- sit-to-stand training --- motion parameters --- step length --- self-adaptation --- Parkinson's disease (PD) --- tremor dominant (TD) --- postural instability and gait difficulty (PIGD) --- center of pressure (COP) --- fast Fourier transform (FFT) --- wavelet transform (WT) --- fall detection system --- smartphones --- accelerometers --- machine learning algorithms --- supervised learning --- ANOVA analysis --- Step-detection --- ActiGraph --- Pedometer --- acceleration --- physical activity --- physical function --- physical performance test --- chair stand --- sit to stand transfer --- wearables --- gyroscopes --- e-Health application --- physical rehabilitation --- shear and plantar pressure sensor --- biaxial optical fiber sensor --- multiplexed fiber Bragg gratings --- frailty --- pre-frail --- wearable sensor --- sedentary behavior --- moderate-to-vigorous activity --- steps --- fall detection --- elderly people monitoring --- telerehabilitation --- virtual therapy --- Kinect --- eHealth --- telemedicine --- insole --- injury prevention --- biomechanical gait variable estimation --- inertial gait variable --- total knee arthroplasty --- falls in healthy elderly --- fall prevention --- biometrics --- human gait recognition --- ground reaction forces --- Microsoft Kinect --- high heels --- fusion data --- ensemble classifiers --- accidental falls --- older adults --- neural networks --- convolutional neural network --- long short-term memory --- accelerometry --- obesity --- nonlinear --- electrostatic field sensing --- gait measurement --- temporal parameters --- artificial neural network --- propulsion --- aging --- walking --- smart footwear --- frailty prediction --- fall risk --- smartphone based assessments --- adverse post-operative outcome --- intelligent surveillance systems --- human fall detection --- health and well-being --- safety and security --- movement control --- anterior cruciate ligament --- kinetics --- real-time feedback --- biomechanical gait features --- impaired gait classification --- pattern recognition --- sensors --- clinical --- knee --- osteoarthritis --- shear stress --- callus --- woman --- TUG --- IMU --- geriatric assessment --- semi-unsupervised --- self-assessment --- domestic environment --- functional decline --- symmetry --- trunk movement --- autocorrelation --- gait rehabilitation --- wearable device --- IMU sensors --- gait classification --- stroke patients --- neurological disorders --- scanning laser rangefinders (SLR), GAITRite --- cadence --- velocity and stride-length --- power --- angular velocity --- human motion measurement --- sensor fusion --- complementary filter --- fuzzy logic --- inertial and magnetic sensors --- ESOQ-2 --- Parkinson's disease --- UPDRS --- movement disorders --- human computer interface --- RGB-Depth --- hand tracking --- automated assessment --- at-home monitoring --- Parkinson's Diseases --- motorized walker --- haptic cue --- gait pattern --- statistics study --- walk detection --- step counting --- signal processing --- plantar pressure --- flat foot --- insoles --- force sensors --- arch index --- sports analytics --- deep learning --- classification --- inertial sensor --- cross-country skiing --- classical style --- skating style --- batteryless strain sensor --- wireless strain sensor --- resonant frequency modulation --- Ecoflex --- human activity recognition --- smartphone --- human daily activity --- ensemble method --- running --- velocity --- smart shoe --- concussion --- inertial motion units (IMUs) --- vestibular exercises --- validation --- motion capture --- user intent recognition --- transfemoral prosthesis --- multi-objective optimization --- biogeography-based optimization --- smart cane --- weight-bearing --- health monitoring --- wearable/inertial sensors --- regularity --- variability --- human --- motion --- locomotion --- UPDRS tasks --- posture --- postural stability --- center of mass --- RGB-depth --- neurorehabilitation --- hallux abductus valgus --- high heel --- proximal phalanx of the hallux --- abduction --- valgus --- ultrasonography --- Achilles tendon --- diagnostic --- imaging --- tendinopathy --- foot insoles --- electromyography --- joint instability --- muscle contractions --- motorcycling --- wearable electronic devices --- validity --- relative movement --- lower limb prosthetics --- biomechanic measurement tasks --- quantifying socket fit --- rehabilitation exercise --- dynamic time warping --- automatic coaching --- exergame --- fine-wire intramuscular EMG electrode --- non-human primate model --- traumatic spinal cord injury --- wavelet transform --- relative power --- linear mixed model --- VO2 --- calibration --- MET --- VO2net --- speed --- equivalent speed --- free-living --- children --- adolescents --- adults --- gait event detection --- hemiplegic gait --- appropriate mother wavelet --- acceleration signal --- wavelet-selection criteria --- conductive textile --- stroke --- hemiparetic --- real-time monitoring --- lower limb locomotion activity --- triplet Markov model --- semi-Markov model --- on-line EM algorithm --- human kinematics --- phase difference angle --- step detection --- machine learning --- outlier detection --- transition matrices --- autoencoders --- ground reaction force (GRF) --- micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) --- gait --- walk --- bipedal locomotion --- 3-axis force sensor --- shoe --- force distribution --- multi-sensor gait classification --- distributed compressed sensing --- joint sparse representation classification --- telemonitoring of gait --- operating range --- accelerometer --- stride length --- peak tibial acceleration --- running velocity --- wearable sensors --- feedback technology --- rehabilitation --- motor control --- cerebral palsy --- inertial sensors --- gait events --- spatiotemporal parameters --- postural control --- falls in the elderly --- fall risk assessment --- low-cost instrumented insoles --- foot plantar center of pressure --- flexible sensor --- gait recognition --- piezoelectric material --- wearable --- adaptability --- force sensitive resistors --- self-tuning triple threshold algorithm --- sweat sensor --- sweat rate --- dehydration --- IoT --- PDMS --- surface electromyography --- handgrip force --- force-varying muscle contraction --- nonlinear analysis --- wavelet scale selection --- inertial measurement unit --- gyroscope --- asymmetry --- feature extraction --- gait analysis --- lower limb prosthesis --- trans-femoral amputee --- MR damper --- knee damping control --- inertial measurement units --- motion analysis --- kinematics --- functional activity --- repeatability --- reliability --- biomechanics --- cognitive frailty --- cognitive-motor impairment --- Alzheimer's disease --- motor planning error --- instrumented trail-making task --- ankle reaching task --- dual task walking --- nondestructive --- joint moment --- partial weight loading --- muscle contributions --- sit-to-stand training --- motion parameters --- step length --- self-adaptation --- Parkinson's disease (PD) --- tremor dominant (TD) --- postural instability and gait difficulty (PIGD) --- center of pressure (COP) --- fast Fourier transform (FFT) --- wavelet transform (WT) --- fall detection system --- smartphones --- accelerometers --- machine learning algorithms --- supervised learning --- ANOVA analysis --- Step-detection --- ActiGraph --- Pedometer --- acceleration --- physical activity --- physical function --- physical performance test --- chair stand --- sit to stand transfer --- wearables --- gyroscopes --- e-Health application --- physical rehabilitation --- shear and plantar pressure sensor --- biaxial optical fiber sensor --- multiplexed fiber Bragg gratings --- frailty --- pre-frail --- wearable sensor --- sedentary behavior --- moderate-to-vigorous activity --- steps --- fall detection --- elderly people monitoring --- telerehabilitation --- virtual therapy --- Kinect --- eHealth --- telemedicine --- insole --- injury prevention --- biomechanical gait variable estimation --- inertial gait variable --- total knee arthroplasty --- falls in healthy elderly --- fall prevention --- biometrics --- human gait recognition --- ground reaction forces --- Microsoft Kinect --- high heels --- fusion data --- ensemble classifiers --- accidental falls --- older adults --- neural networks --- convolutional neural network --- long short-term memory --- accelerometry --- obesity --- nonlinear --- electrostatic field sensing --- gait measurement --- temporal parameters --- artificial neural network --- propulsion --- aging --- walking --- smart footwear --- frailty prediction --- fall risk --- smartphone based assessments --- adverse post-operative outcome --- intelligent surveillance systems --- human fall detection --- health and well-being --- safety and security --- movement control --- anterior cruciate ligament --- kinetics --- real-time feedback --- biomechanical gait features --- impaired gait classification --- pattern recognition --- sensors --- clinical --- knee --- osteoarthritis --- shear stress --- callus --- woman --- TUG --- IMU --- geriatric assessment --- semi-unsupervised --- self-assessment --- domestic environment --- functional decline --- symmetry --- trunk movement --- autocorrelation --- gait rehabilitation --- wearable device --- IMU sensors --- gait classification --- stroke patients --- neurological disorders --- scanning laser rangefinders (SLR), GAITRite --- cadence --- velocity and stride-length --- power --- angular velocity --- human motion measurement --- sensor fusion --- complementary filter --- fuzzy logic --- inertial and magnetic sensors --- ESOQ-2 --- Parkinson's disease --- UPDRS --- movement disorders --- human computer interface --- RGB-Depth --- hand tracking --- automated assessment --- at-home monitoring --- Parkinson's Diseases --- motorized walker --- haptic cue --- gait pattern --- statistics study --- walk detection --- step counting --- signal processing --- plantar pressure --- flat foot --- insoles --- force sensors --- arch index --- sports analytics --- deep learning --- classification --- inertial sensor --- cross-country skiing --- classical style --- skating style --- batteryless strain sensor --- wireless strain sensor --- resonant frequency modulation --- Ecoflex --- human activity recognition --- smartphone --- human daily activity --- ensemble method --- running --- velocity --- smart shoe --- concussion --- inertial motion units (IMUs) --- vestibular exercises --- validation --- motion capture --- user intent recognition --- transfemoral prosthesis --- multi-objective optimization --- biogeography-based optimization --- smart cane --- weight-bearing --- health monitoring --- wearable/inertial sensors --- regularity --- variability --- human --- motion --- locomotion --- UPDRS tasks --- posture --- postural stability --- center of mass --- RGB-depth --- neurorehabilitation --- hallux abductus valgus --- high heel --- proximal phalanx of the hallux --- abduction --- valgus --- ultrasonography --- Achilles tendon --- diagnostic --- imaging --- tendinopathy --- foot insoles --- electromyography --- joint instability --- muscle contractions --- motorcycling --- wearable electronic devices --- validity --- relative movement --- lower limb prosthetics --- biomechanic measurement tasks --- quantifying socket fit --- rehabilitation exercise --- dynamic time warping --- automatic coaching --- exergame --- fine-wire intramuscular EMG electrode --- non-human primate model --- traumatic spinal cord injury --- wavelet transform --- relative power --- linear mixed model --- VO2 --- calibration --- MET --- VO2net --- speed --- equivalent speed --- free-living --- children --- adolescents --- adults --- gait event detection --- hemiplegic gait --- appropriate mother wavelet --- acceleration signal --- wavelet-selection criteria --- conductive textile --- stroke --- hemiparetic --- real-time monitoring --- lower limb locomotion activity --- triplet Markov model --- semi-Markov model --- on-line EM algorithm --- human kinematics --- phase difference angle

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

In recent years, many technologies for gait and posture assessments have emerged. Wearable sensors, active and passive in-house monitors, and many combinations thereof all promise to provide accurate measures of physical activity, gait, and posture parameters. Motivated by market projections for wearable technologies and driven by recent technological innovations in wearable sensors (MEMs, electronic textiles, wireless communications, etc.), wearable health/performance research is growing rapidly and has the potential to transform future healthcare from disease treatment to disease prevention. The objective of this Special Issue is to address and disseminate the latest gait, posture, and activity monitoring systems as well as various mathematical models/methods that characterize mobility functions. This Special Issue focuses on wearable monitoring systems and physical sensors, and its mathematical models can be utilized in varied environments under varied conditions to monitor health and performance

Humanities --- Social interaction --- step detection --- machine learning --- outlier detection --- transition matrices --- autoencoders --- ground reaction force (GRF) --- micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) --- gait --- walk --- bipedal locomotion --- 3-axis force sensor --- shoe --- force distribution --- multi-sensor gait classification --- distributed compressed sensing --- joint sparse representation classification --- telemonitoring of gait --- operating range --- accelerometer --- stride length --- peak tibial acceleration --- running velocity --- wearable sensors --- feedback technology --- rehabilitation --- motor control --- cerebral palsy --- inertial sensors --- gait events --- spatiotemporal parameters --- postural control --- falls in the elderly --- fall risk assessment --- low-cost instrumented insoles --- foot plantar center of pressure --- flexible sensor --- gait recognition --- piezoelectric material --- wearable --- adaptability --- force sensitive resistors --- self-tuning triple threshold algorithm --- sweat sensor --- sweat rate --- dehydration --- IoT --- PDMS --- surface electromyography --- handgrip force --- force-varying muscle contraction --- nonlinear analysis --- wavelet scale selection --- inertial measurement unit --- gyroscope --- asymmetry --- feature extraction --- gait analysis --- lower limb prosthesis --- trans-femoral amputee --- MR damper --- knee damping control --- inertial measurement units --- motion analysis --- kinematics --- functional activity --- repeatability --- reliability --- biomechanics --- cognitive frailty --- cognitive-motor impairment --- Alzheimer's disease --- motor planning error --- instrumented trail-making task --- ankle reaching task --- dual task walking --- nondestructive --- joint moment --- partial weight loading --- muscle contributions --- sit-to-stand training --- motion parameters --- step length --- self-adaptation --- Parkinson's disease (PD) --- tremor dominant (TD) --- postural instability and gait difficulty (PIGD) --- center of pressure (COP) --- fast Fourier transform (FFT) --- wavelet transform (WT) --- fall detection system --- smartphones --- accelerometers --- machine learning algorithms --- supervised learning --- ANOVA analysis --- Step-detection --- ActiGraph --- Pedometer --- acceleration --- physical activity --- physical function --- physical performance test --- chair stand --- sit to stand transfer --- wearables --- gyroscopes --- e-Health application --- physical rehabilitation --- shear and plantar pressure sensor --- biaxial optical fiber sensor --- multiplexed fiber Bragg gratings --- frailty --- pre-frail --- wearable sensor --- sedentary behavior --- moderate-to-vigorous activity --- steps --- fall detection --- elderly people monitoring --- telerehabilitation --- virtual therapy --- Kinect --- eHealth --- telemedicine --- insole --- injury prevention --- biomechanical gait variable estimation --- inertial gait variable --- total knee arthroplasty --- falls in healthy elderly --- fall prevention --- biometrics --- human gait recognition --- ground reaction forces --- Microsoft Kinect --- high heels --- fusion data --- ensemble classifiers --- accidental falls --- older adults --- neural networks --- convolutional neural network --- long short-term memory --- accelerometry --- obesity --- nonlinear --- electrostatic field sensing --- gait measurement --- temporal parameters --- artificial neural network --- propulsion --- aging --- walking --- smart footwear --- frailty prediction --- fall risk --- smartphone based assessments --- adverse post-operative outcome --- intelligent surveillance systems --- human fall detection --- health and well-being --- safety and security --- movement control --- anterior cruciate ligament --- kinetics --- real-time feedback --- biomechanical gait features --- impaired gait classification --- pattern recognition --- sensors --- clinical --- knee --- osteoarthritis --- shear stress --- callus --- woman --- TUG --- IMU --- geriatric assessment --- semi-unsupervised --- self-assessment --- domestic environment --- functional decline --- symmetry --- trunk movement --- autocorrelation --- gait rehabilitation --- wearable device --- IMU sensors --- gait classification --- stroke patients --- neurological disorders --- scanning laser rangefinders (SLR), GAITRite --- cadence --- velocity and stride-length --- power --- angular velocity --- human motion measurement --- sensor fusion --- complementary filter --- fuzzy logic --- inertial and magnetic sensors --- ESOQ-2 --- Parkinson's disease --- UPDRS --- movement disorders --- human computer interface --- RGB-Depth --- hand tracking --- automated assessment --- at-home monitoring --- Parkinson's Diseases --- motorized walker --- haptic cue --- gait pattern --- statistics study --- walk detection --- step counting --- signal processing --- plantar pressure --- flat foot --- insoles --- force sensors --- arch index --- sports analytics --- deep learning --- classification --- inertial sensor --- cross-country skiing --- classical style --- skating style --- batteryless strain sensor --- wireless strain sensor --- resonant frequency modulation --- Ecoflex --- human activity recognition --- smartphone --- human daily activity --- ensemble method --- running --- velocity --- smart shoe --- concussion --- inertial motion units (IMUs) --- vestibular exercises --- validation --- motion capture --- user intent recognition --- transfemoral prosthesis --- multi-objective optimization --- biogeography-based optimization --- smart cane --- weight-bearing --- health monitoring --- wearable/inertial sensors --- regularity --- variability --- human --- motion --- locomotion --- UPDRS tasks --- posture --- postural stability --- center of mass --- RGB-depth --- neurorehabilitation --- hallux abductus valgus --- high heel --- proximal phalanx of the hallux --- abduction --- valgus --- ultrasonography --- Achilles tendon --- diagnostic --- imaging --- tendinopathy --- foot insoles --- electromyography --- joint instability --- muscle contractions --- motorcycling --- wearable electronic devices --- validity --- relative movement --- lower limb prosthetics --- biomechanic measurement tasks --- quantifying socket fit --- rehabilitation exercise --- dynamic time warping --- automatic coaching --- exergame --- fine-wire intramuscular EMG electrode --- non-human primate model --- traumatic spinal cord injury --- wavelet transform --- relative power --- linear mixed model --- VO2 --- calibration --- MET --- VO2net --- speed --- equivalent speed --- free-living --- children --- adolescents --- adults --- gait event detection --- hemiplegic gait --- appropriate mother wavelet --- acceleration signal --- wavelet-selection criteria --- conductive textile --- stroke --- hemiparetic --- real-time monitoring --- lower limb locomotion activity --- triplet Markov model --- semi-Markov model --- on-line EM algorithm --- human kinematics --- phase difference angle --- step detection --- machine learning --- outlier detection --- transition matrices --- autoencoders --- ground reaction force (GRF) --- micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) --- gait --- walk --- bipedal locomotion --- 3-axis force sensor --- shoe --- force distribution --- multi-sensor gait classification --- distributed compressed sensing --- joint sparse representation classification --- telemonitoring of gait --- operating range --- accelerometer --- stride length --- peak tibial acceleration --- running velocity --- wearable sensors --- feedback technology --- rehabilitation --- motor control --- cerebral palsy --- inertial sensors --- gait events --- spatiotemporal parameters --- postural control --- falls in the elderly --- fall risk assessment --- low-cost instrumented insoles --- foot plantar center of pressure --- flexible sensor --- gait recognition --- piezoelectric material --- wearable --- adaptability --- force sensitive resistors --- self-tuning triple threshold algorithm --- sweat sensor --- sweat rate --- dehydration --- IoT --- PDMS --- surface electromyography --- handgrip force --- force-varying muscle contraction --- nonlinear analysis --- wavelet scale selection --- inertial measurement unit --- gyroscope --- asymmetry --- feature extraction --- gait analysis --- lower limb prosthesis --- trans-femoral amputee --- MR damper --- knee damping control --- inertial measurement units --- motion analysis --- kinematics --- functional activity --- repeatability --- reliability --- biomechanics --- cognitive frailty --- cognitive-motor impairment --- Alzheimer's disease --- motor planning error --- instrumented trail-making task --- ankle reaching task --- dual task walking --- nondestructive --- joint moment --- partial weight loading --- muscle contributions --- sit-to-stand training --- motion parameters --- step length --- self-adaptation --- Parkinson's disease (PD) --- tremor dominant (TD) --- postural instability and gait difficulty (PIGD) --- center of pressure (COP) --- fast Fourier transform (FFT) --- wavelet transform (WT) --- fall detection system --- smartphones --- accelerometers --- machine learning algorithms --- supervised learning --- ANOVA analysis --- Step-detection --- ActiGraph --- Pedometer --- acceleration --- physical activity --- physical function --- physical performance test --- chair stand --- sit to stand transfer --- wearables --- gyroscopes --- e-Health application --- physical rehabilitation --- shear and plantar pressure sensor --- biaxial optical fiber sensor --- multiplexed fiber Bragg gratings --- frailty --- pre-frail --- wearable sensor --- sedentary behavior --- moderate-to-vigorous activity --- steps --- fall detection --- elderly people monitoring --- telerehabilitation --- virtual therapy --- Kinect --- eHealth --- telemedicine --- insole --- injury prevention --- biomechanical gait variable estimation --- inertial gait variable --- total knee arthroplasty --- falls in healthy elderly --- fall prevention --- biometrics --- human gait recognition --- ground reaction forces --- Microsoft Kinect --- high heels --- fusion data --- ensemble classifiers --- accidental falls --- older adults --- neural networks --- convolutional neural network --- long short-term memory --- accelerometry --- obesity --- nonlinear --- electrostatic field sensing --- gait measurement --- temporal parameters --- artificial neural network --- propulsion --- aging --- walking --- smart footwear --- frailty prediction --- fall risk --- smartphone based assessments --- adverse post-operative outcome --- intelligent surveillance systems --- human fall detection --- health and well-being --- safety and security --- movement control --- anterior cruciate ligament --- kinetics --- real-time feedback --- biomechanical gait features --- impaired gait classification --- pattern recognition --- sensors --- clinical --- knee --- osteoarthritis --- shear stress --- callus --- woman --- TUG --- IMU --- geriatric assessment --- semi-unsupervised --- self-assessment --- domestic environment --- functional decline --- symmetry --- trunk movement --- autocorrelation --- gait rehabilitation --- wearable device --- IMU sensors --- gait classification --- stroke patients --- neurological disorders --- scanning laser rangefinders (SLR), GAITRite --- cadence --- velocity and stride-length --- power --- angular velocity --- human motion measurement --- sensor fusion --- complementary filter --- fuzzy logic --- inertial and magnetic sensors --- ESOQ-2 --- Parkinson's disease --- UPDRS --- movement disorders --- human computer interface --- RGB-Depth --- hand tracking --- automated assessment --- at-home monitoring --- Parkinson's Diseases --- motorized walker --- haptic cue --- gait pattern --- statistics study --- walk detection --- step counting --- signal processing --- plantar pressure --- flat foot --- insoles --- force sensors --- arch index --- sports analytics --- deep learning --- classification --- inertial sensor --- cross-country skiing --- classical style --- skating style --- batteryless strain sensor --- wireless strain sensor --- resonant frequency modulation --- Ecoflex --- human activity recognition --- smartphone --- human daily activity --- ensemble method --- running --- velocity --- smart shoe --- concussion --- inertial motion units (IMUs) --- vestibular exercises --- validation --- motion capture --- user intent recognition --- transfemoral prosthesis --- multi-objective optimization --- biogeography-based optimization --- smart cane --- weight-bearing --- health monitoring --- wearable/inertial sensors --- regularity --- variability --- human --- motion --- locomotion --- UPDRS tasks --- posture --- postural stability --- center of mass --- RGB-depth --- neurorehabilitation --- hallux abductus valgus --- high heel --- proximal phalanx of the hallux --- abduction --- valgus --- ultrasonography --- Achilles tendon --- diagnostic --- imaging --- tendinopathy --- foot insoles --- electromyography --- joint instability --- muscle contractions --- motorcycling --- wearable electronic devices --- validity --- relative movement --- lower limb prosthetics --- biomechanic measurement tasks --- quantifying socket fit --- rehabilitation exercise --- dynamic time warping --- automatic coaching --- exergame --- fine-wire intramuscular EMG electrode --- non-human primate model --- traumatic spinal cord injury --- wavelet transform --- relative power --- linear mixed model --- VO2 --- calibration --- MET --- VO2net --- speed --- equivalent speed --- free-living --- children --- adolescents --- adults --- gait event detection --- hemiplegic gait --- appropriate mother wavelet --- acceleration signal --- wavelet-selection criteria --- conductive textile --- stroke --- hemiparetic --- real-time monitoring --- lower limb locomotion activity --- triplet Markov model --- semi-Markov model --- on-line EM algorithm --- human kinematics --- phase difference angle

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

In recent years, many technologies for gait and posture assessments have emerged. Wearable sensors, active and passive in-house monitors, and many combinations thereof all promise to provide accurate measures of physical activity, gait, and posture parameters. Motivated by market projections for wearable technologies and driven by recent technological innovations in wearable sensors (MEMs, electronic textiles, wireless communications, etc.), wearable health/performance research is growing rapidly and has the potential to transform future healthcare from disease treatment to disease prevention. The objective of this Special Issue is to address and disseminate the latest gait, posture, and activity monitoring systems as well as various mathematical models/methods that characterize mobility functions. This Special Issue focuses on wearable monitoring systems and physical sensors, and its mathematical models can be utilized in varied environments under varied conditions to monitor health and performance

Humanities --- Social interaction --- step detection --- machine learning --- outlier detection --- transition matrices --- autoencoders --- ground reaction force (GRF) --- micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) --- gait --- walk --- bipedal locomotion --- 3-axis force sensor --- shoe --- force distribution --- multi-sensor gait classification --- distributed compressed sensing --- joint sparse representation classification --- telemonitoring of gait --- operating range --- accelerometer --- stride length --- peak tibial acceleration --- running velocity --- wearable sensors --- feedback technology --- rehabilitation --- motor control --- cerebral palsy --- inertial sensors --- gait events --- spatiotemporal parameters --- postural control --- falls in the elderly --- fall risk assessment --- low-cost instrumented insoles --- foot plantar center of pressure --- flexible sensor --- gait recognition --- piezoelectric material --- wearable --- adaptability --- force sensitive resistors --- self-tuning triple threshold algorithm --- sweat sensor --- sweat rate --- dehydration --- IoT --- PDMS --- surface electromyography --- handgrip force --- force-varying muscle contraction --- nonlinear analysis --- wavelet scale selection --- inertial measurement unit --- gyroscope --- asymmetry --- feature extraction --- gait analysis --- lower limb prosthesis --- trans-femoral amputee --- MR damper --- knee damping control --- inertial measurement units --- motion analysis --- kinematics --- functional activity --- repeatability --- reliability --- biomechanics --- cognitive frailty --- cognitive–motor impairment --- Alzheimer’s disease --- motor planning error --- instrumented trail-making task --- ankle reaching task --- dual task walking --- nondestructive --- joint moment --- partial weight loading --- muscle contributions --- sit-to-stand training --- motion parameters --- step length --- self-adaptation --- Parkinson’s disease (PD) --- tremor dominant (TD) --- postural instability and gait difficulty (PIGD) --- center of pressure (COP) --- fast Fourier transform (FFT) --- wavelet transform (WT) --- fall detection system --- smartphones --- accelerometers --- machine learning algorithms --- supervised learning --- ANOVA analysis --- Step-detection --- ActiGraph --- Pedometer --- acceleration --- physical activity --- physical function --- physical performance test --- chair stand --- sit to stand transfer --- wearables --- gyroscopes --- e-Health application --- physical rehabilitation --- shear and plantar pressure sensor --- biaxial optical fiber sensor --- multiplexed fiber Bragg gratings --- frailty --- pre-frail --- wearable sensor --- sedentary behavior --- moderate-to-vigorous activity --- steps --- fall detection --- elderly people monitoring --- telerehabilitation --- virtual therapy --- Kinect --- eHealth --- telemedicine --- insole --- injury prevention --- biomechanical gait variable estimation --- inertial gait variable --- total knee arthroplasty --- falls in healthy elderly --- fall prevention --- biometrics --- human gait recognition --- ground reaction forces --- Microsoft Kinect --- high heels --- fusion data --- ensemble classifiers --- accidental falls --- older adults --- neural networks --- convolutional neural network --- long short-term memory --- accelerometry --- obesity --- nonlinear --- electrostatic field sensing --- gait measurement --- temporal parameters --- artificial neural network --- propulsion --- aging --- walking --- smart footwear --- frailty prediction --- fall risk --- smartphone based assessments --- adverse post-operative outcome --- intelligent surveillance systems --- human fall detection --- health and well-being --- safety and security --- n/a --- movement control --- anterior cruciate ligament --- kinetics --- real-time feedback --- biomechanical gait features --- impaired gait classification --- pattern recognition --- sensors --- clinical --- knee --- osteoarthritis --- shear stress --- callus --- woman --- TUG --- IMU --- geriatric assessment --- semi-unsupervised --- self-assessment --- domestic environment --- functional decline --- symmetry --- trunk movement --- autocorrelation --- gait rehabilitation --- wearable device --- IMU sensors --- gait classification --- stroke patients --- neurological disorders --- scanning laser rangefinders (SLR), GAITRite --- cadence --- velocity and stride-length --- power --- angular velocity --- human motion measurement --- sensor fusion --- complementary filter --- fuzzy logic --- inertial and magnetic sensors --- ESOQ-2 --- Parkinson’s disease --- UPDRS --- movement disorders --- human computer interface --- RGB-Depth --- hand tracking --- automated assessment --- at-home monitoring --- Parkinson’s Diseases --- motorized walker --- haptic cue --- gait pattern --- statistics study --- walk detection --- step counting --- signal processing --- plantar pressure --- flat foot --- insoles --- force sensors --- arch index --- sports analytics --- deep learning --- classification --- inertial sensor --- cross-country skiing --- classical style --- skating style --- batteryless strain sensor --- wireless strain sensor --- resonant frequency modulation --- Ecoflex --- human activity recognition --- smartphone --- human daily activity --- ensemble method --- running --- velocity --- smart shoe --- concussion --- inertial motion units (IMUs) --- vestibular exercises --- validation --- motion capture --- user intent recognition --- transfemoral prosthesis --- multi-objective optimization --- biogeography-based optimization --- smart cane --- weight-bearing --- health monitoring --- wearable/inertial sensors --- regularity --- variability --- human --- motion --- locomotion --- UPDRS tasks --- posture --- postural stability --- center of mass --- RGB-depth --- neurorehabilitation --- hallux abductus valgus --- high heel --- proximal phalanx of the hallux --- abduction --- valgus --- ultrasonography --- Achilles tendon --- diagnostic --- imaging --- tendinopathy --- foot insoles --- electromyography --- joint instability --- muscle contractions --- motorcycling --- wearable electronic devices --- validity --- relative movement --- lower limb prosthetics --- biomechanic measurement tasks --- quantifying socket fit --- rehabilitation exercise --- dynamic time warping --- automatic coaching --- exergame --- fine-wire intramuscular EMG electrode --- non-human primate model --- traumatic spinal cord injury --- wavelet transform --- relative power --- linear mixed model --- VO2 --- calibration --- MET --- VO2net --- speed --- equivalent speed --- free-living --- children --- adolescents --- adults --- gait event detection --- hemiplegic gait --- appropriate mother wavelet --- acceleration signal --- wavelet-selection criteria --- conductive textile --- stroke --- hemiparetic --- real-time monitoring --- lower limb locomotion activity --- triplet Markov model --- semi-Markov model --- on-line EM algorithm --- human kinematics --- phase difference angle --- cognitive-motor impairment --- Alzheimer's disease --- Parkinson's disease (PD) --- Parkinson's disease --- Parkinson's Diseases