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The proliferation of HF radar systems for ocean remote sensing and maritime surveillance continues apace, with hundreds of such radars now deployed around the world. The overwhelming majority of these radars operate in the conventional monostatic configuration, with the transmitting and receiving systems collocated or closely spaced; this simple geometry has obvious advantages in terms of cost, siting requirements, communications, maintenance, signal processing, and echo interpretation, and it has been adopted by HF radars exploiting line-of-sight, surface wave, and skywave propagation modalities. All these considerations notwithstanding, in some circumstances there can be compelling reasons to implement bistatic configurations, defined as geometries in which the separation between transmitter and receiver is comparable with the range to the zones being interrogated. Factors that can drive this decision include energy budget, desire to exploit hybrid propagation modes, scattering characteristics of the targets of interest, properties of the clutter, survivability, and covertness. This book, a compilation of papers by leading researchers in the field, offers a panoramic account of the state of the art in bistatic HF radar. Topics covered include system design, HF propagation and scattering, signal processing, echo interpretation, and applications in the maritime domain. Supported with extensive references to the literature, this book should serve as an essential source for practitioners keen to expand the capabilities of their HF radar systems.

bistatic HF radar --- radar cross section (RCS) --- sea clutter --- shore-to-air bistatic HF radar --- scattering coefficient --- Doppler spectra --- cyclic cross ambiguity function --- data fusion --- GPS --- multiple satellites collaboration --- passive detection --- HFSWR --- target tracking --- interacting multiple model --- extended Kalman filter --- track association --- extreme learning machine --- HF radar --- remote sensing --- inversion --- radar cross section --- bistatic radar --- directional wave spectrum --- bistatic HFSWR --- shipborne HFSWR --- first-order sea clutter --- experiment verification --- electromagnetic scattering --- radio oceanography --- OTH radar --- compact HFSWR --- bistatic configuration --- target detection

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The proliferation of HF radar systems for ocean remote sensing and maritime surveillance continues apace, with hundreds of such radars now deployed around the world. The overwhelming majority of these radars operate in the conventional monostatic configuration, with the transmitting and receiving systems collocated or closely spaced; this simple geometry has obvious advantages in terms of cost, siting requirements, communications, maintenance, signal processing, and echo interpretation, and it has been adopted by HF radars exploiting line-of-sight, surface wave, and skywave propagation modalities. All these considerations notwithstanding, in some circumstances there can be compelling reasons to implement bistatic configurations, defined as geometries in which the separation between transmitter and receiver is comparable with the range to the zones being interrogated. Factors that can drive this decision include energy budget, desire to exploit hybrid propagation modes, scattering characteristics of the targets of interest, properties of the clutter, survivability, and covertness. This book, a compilation of papers by leading researchers in the field, offers a panoramic account of the state of the art in bistatic HF radar. Topics covered include system design, HF propagation and scattering, signal processing, echo interpretation, and applications in the maritime domain. Supported with extensive references to the literature, this book should serve as an essential source for practitioners keen to expand the capabilities of their HF radar systems.

History of engineering & technology --- bistatic HF radar --- radar cross section (RCS) --- sea clutter --- shore-to-air bistatic HF radar --- scattering coefficient --- Doppler spectra --- cyclic cross ambiguity function --- data fusion --- GPS --- multiple satellites collaboration --- passive detection --- HFSWR --- target tracking --- interacting multiple model --- extended Kalman filter --- track association --- extreme learning machine --- HF radar --- remote sensing --- inversion --- radar cross section --- bistatic radar --- directional wave spectrum --- bistatic HFSWR --- shipborne HFSWR --- first-order sea clutter --- experiment verification --- electromagnetic scattering --- radio oceanography --- OTH radar --- compact HFSWR --- bistatic configuration --- target detection

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Monitoring oceans and coastal areas has a fundamental social impact, and this scenario is made still more challenging with the present and future issues related to climate change. In this context, radar systems have gained increasing interest, since they are remote sensing devices capable of providing information about sea waves, currents, tides, bathymetry, and wind. Moreover, radar systems can be designed to perform both large-scale and small-scale monitoring, with different spatial and temporal resolutions, and can be installed on different observation platforms (ship-based, ground-based, airborne, satellite or drones). In this regard, this book aims at engendering a virtual forum for ocean radar researchers, where state-of-the-art methodologies and applications concerning ocean monitoring by means of radar technologies are reviewed and discussed.

HF radar --- monitoring --- circulation --- Atlantic Jet --- flow reversal --- Gibraltar --- Alboran Sea --- X-band radar --- tidal variation --- modified temporal waterline method --- shoreline position --- intertidal foreshore slope --- wave run-up correction --- current velocity measurement --- high-frequency (HF) radar oceanography --- remote sensing --- quality control --- coastal surface currents --- soft computing --- radar --- sensitivity experiments --- numerical model --- artificial neural network --- inversion --- radar cross-section --- monostatic radar --- ocean wave directional spectrum --- TensorFlow --- wave directional spectra --- spatial wave fields --- ADCP --- wave buoy --- significant wave height --- marine radar --- sea state monitoring --- scum --- hypertrophic ecosystem --- Sentinel-1 --- Sentinel-2 --- Sentinel-3 --- cloudiness --- high-frequency ocean radar --- interference mitigation --- frequency band adaptation --- high frequency radar --- sea surface temperature --- surface currents --- south-west Australia --- synthetic aperture radar --- Doppler anomaly --- sea surface currents --- Gulf of Naples --- augmented observatory --- wave field --- radar Doppler altimeter --- orbital velocities --- waveforms --- swell --- radar altimeter --- sea surface current

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This book provides a collection of comprehensive research articles on data analytics and applications of wearable devices in healthcare. This Special Issue presents 28 research studies from 137 authors representing 37 institutions from 19 countries. To facilitate the understanding of the research articles, we have organized the book to show various aspects covered in this field, such as eHealth, technology-integrated research, prediction models, rehabilitation studies, prototype systems, community health studies, ergonomics design systems, technology acceptance model evaluation studies, telemonitoring systems, warning systems, application of sensors in sports studies, clinical systems, feasibility studies, geographical location based systems, tracking systems, observational studies, risk assessment studies, human activity recognition systems, impact measurement systems, and a systematic review. We would like to take this opportunity to invite high quality research articles for our next Special Issue entitled “Digital Health and Smart Sensors for Better Management of Cancer and Chronic Diseases” as a part of Sensors journal.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- eHealth --- wearable --- monitoring --- services --- integration --- IoT --- Telemedicine --- wearable sensors --- multivariate analysis --- longitudinal study --- functional decline --- exercise intervention --- accidental falls --- fall detection --- real-world --- signal analysis --- performance measures --- non-wearable sensors --- accelerometers --- cameras --- machine learning --- smart textiles --- healthcare --- talking detection --- activity recognition and monitoring --- patient health and state monitoring --- wearable sensing --- orientation-invariant sensing --- motion sensors --- accelerometer --- gyroscope --- magnetometer --- pattern classification --- artificial intelligence --- supervised machine learning --- predictive analytics --- hemodialysis --- non-contact sensor --- heart rate --- respiration rate --- heart rate variability --- time-domain features --- frequency-domain features --- principal component analysis --- behaviour analysis --- classifier efficiency --- personal risk detection --- one-class classification --- actigraphy --- encoding --- data compression --- denoising --- edge computing --- signal processing --- wearables --- activity monitoring --- citizen science --- cluster analysis --- physical activity --- sedentary behavior --- walking --- energy expenditure --- wearable device --- impedance pneumography --- neural network --- mechanocardiogram (MCG) --- smart clothes --- heart failure (HF) --- left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) --- technology acceptance model (TAM) --- physical activity classification --- free-living --- GENEactiv accelerometer --- Gaussian mixture model --- hidden Markov model --- wavelets --- skill assessment --- deep learning --- LSTM --- state space model --- probabilistic inference --- latent features --- human activity recognition --- MIMU --- genetic algorithm --- feature selection --- classifier optimization --- bispectrum --- entropy --- feature extraction --- heat stroke --- filtering algorithm --- physiological parameters --- exercise experiment --- biomedical signal processing --- wearable biomedical sensors --- wireless sensor network --- respiratory monitoring --- optoelectronic plethysmography --- biofeedback --- biomedical technology --- exercise therapy --- orthopedics --- mobile health --- qualitative --- human factors --- inertial measurement unit --- disease prevention --- occupational healthcare --- P-Ergonomics --- precision ergonomics --- musculoskeletal disorders --- wellbeing at work --- electrocardiogram --- conductive gels --- noncontact electrode --- myocardial ischemia --- pacemaker --- ventricular premature contraction --- upper extremity --- motion --- action research arm test --- activities of daily living --- IoT wearable monitor --- health --- posture analysis --- spinal posture --- wearable sensor --- embedded system --- recurrent neural networks --- physical workload --- wearable systems for healthcare --- machine learning for real-time applications --- actigraph --- body worn sensors --- clothing sensors --- cross correlation analysis --- healthcare movement sensing --- wearable devices --- calibration --- inertial measurement units --- human movement --- physical activity type --- real-life --- GPS --- GIS --- n/a

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Cardiac biomarkers such as troponins and natiuretic peptides have made a great impact on clinical decision making as well as improving our understanding of molecular mechanisms of different disease conditions. However, the biomarkers that are currently in use do not reflect all the multiple disease pathways that are involved in a broad spectrum of cardiac disease conditions ranging from acute coronary syndrome, to heart failure (and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, HFpEF), to pulmonary hypertension or arrhythmias. In this Special Issue, we will provide an overview of the current developments in the field of biomarker research, beginning with research on molecular pathways and cellular communication (e.g., microRNA) up to the clinical use of biomarkers.

diet quality --- ceramides --- obesity --- cardiovascular risk --- healthy eating index --- carbohydrate antigen-125 --- heart failure --- inflammatory marker --- older women --- biomarker --- cardiometabolic disease --- epicardial adipose tissue --- epicardial fat --- epicardial fat volume --- microRNA --- thyroid-stimulating hormone --- cardiometabolic risks --- metabolic syndrome --- hypertension --- very low-density lipoprotein --- STIM1 --- SOCE --- atrial myopathy --- atrial fibrillation --- ejection fraction --- soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) --- growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) --- heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) --- soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) --- acute myocardial infarction --- biomarkers --- catestatin --- coronary artery disease --- heart failure decompensation --- left ventricular ejection fraction --- troponin --- NT-proBNP --- NYHA functional class --- GDF-15 --- cardiovascular surgery --- operative risk --- muscle wasting --- sarcopenia --- renal dysfunction --- chronic kidney disease --- aortic disease --- aneurysm --- miRNA --- TGF-β pathway --- KLF4 --- synthetic phenotype --- aortic regurgitation --- echocardiography --- magnetic resonance imaging --- vena contracta area --- longitudinal strain --- T1 mapping --- GDF8 --- myostatin --- AMI --- ceruloplasmin --- H-FABP --- heart-type fatty acid-binding protein --- FABP3 --- fatty acid-binding protein 3 --- HF --- cardiac biomarkers --- cardiac magnetic resonance imaging --- left ventricular systolic function --- magnetic resonance spectroscopy --- myocardial triglyceride content --- cell adhesion molecule --- repeated measurements --- pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A --- cohort studies --- cardiovascular diseases --- mitochondrial dysfunction --- circulating cells --- PBMCS --- platelets --- oxidative stress --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) --- herat failure --- liver-type fatty-acid-binding protein --- long-term outcomes --- cardiac intensive care units --- acute kidney injury --- myocardial infarction --- STEMI --- cardiovascular events --- cardiovascular death --- risk stratification --- sST2 --- Pentraxin-3 --- sudden cardiac death --- ventricular arrhythmia --- ventricular tachycardia --- chronic heart failure --- saliva --- salivary biomarkers --- CKD --- CVD --- PPCI --- left ventricular adverse remodelling --- circulating miRNAs --- NAFLD --- Framingham risk score --- risk prediction --- secondary prevention --- primary prevention --- NAFLD fibrosis score --- HFpEF --- HFrEF --- suPAR --- n/a