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This thesis presents pioneering work in the relatively new field of focused ion beam (FIB) sculpting of single crystals to produce bespoke devices and enable the investigation of physics that cannot be studied in bulk samples. It begins with a comprehensive and didactic account of how to achieve this sculpting, revealing the ‘tricks of the trade’ of state-of-the-art FIB microstructuring. In subsequent chapters, the author presents ground-breaking results obtained from microstructures of the delafossite oxide metal PdCoO2 and the heavy fermion superconductor CeIrIn5. In these elegant, forefront experiments, a new form of directional ballistic transport in the ultra-pure delafossites is described and explained. Furthermore, a new way to spatially modulate superconductivity induced by strain is demonstrated with electrical transport measurements that agree well with predictions based on thermoelastic finite element simulations.

Superconductivity. --- Superconductors. --- Materials science. --- Strongly Correlated Systems, Superconductivity. --- Materials Science, general. --- Superconducting materials --- Superconductive devices --- Cryoelectronics --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Electric conductivity --- Critical currents --- Superfluidity --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Materials

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This book offers an overview of polariton Bose–Einstein condensation and the emerging field of polaritonics, providing insights into the necessary theoretical basics, technological aspects and experimental studies in this fascinating field of science. Following a summary of theoretical considerations, it guides readers through the rich physics of polariton systems, shedding light on the concept of the polariton laser, polariton microcavities, and the technical realization of optoelectronic devices with polaritonic emissions, before discussing the role of external fields used for the manipulation and control of exciton–polaritons. A glossary provides simplified summaries of the most frequently discussed topics, allowing readers to quickly familiarize themselves with the content. The book pursues an uncomplicated and intuitive approach to the topics covered, while also providing a brief outlook on current and future work. Its straightforward content will make it accessible to a broad readership, ranging from research fellows, lecturers and students to interested science and engineering professionals in the interdisciplinary domains of nanotechnology, photonics, materials sciences and quantum physics.

Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Quantum optics. --- Electronic circuits. --- Optics. --- Electrodynamics. --- Superconductivity. --- Superconductors. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Quantum Optics. --- Electronic Circuits and Devices. --- Classical Electrodynamics. --- Strongly Correlated Systems, Superconductivity. --- Superconducting materials --- Superconductive devices --- Cryoelectronics --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Electric conductivity --- Critical currents --- Superfluidity --- Dynamics --- Physics --- Light --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes --- Optics --- Photons --- Quantum theory --- New optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Materials

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This book is a self-contained advanced textbook on the mathematical-physical aspects of quantum many-body systems, which begins with a pedagogical presentation of the necessary background information before moving on to subjects of active research, including topological phases of matter. The book explores in detail selected topics in quantum spin systems and lattice electron systems, namely, long-range order and spontaneous symmetry breaking in the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model in two or higher dimensions (Part I), the Haldane phenomenon in antiferromagnetic quantum spin chains and related topics in topological phases of quantum matter (Part II), and the origin of magnetism in various versions of the Hubbard model (Part III). Each of these topics represents certain nontrivial phenomena or features that are invariably encountered in a variety of quantum many-body systems, including quantum field theory, condensed matter systems, cold atoms, and artificial quantum systems designed for future quantum computers. The book’s main focus is on universal properties of quantum many-body systems. The book includes roughly 50 problems with detailed solutions. The reader only requires elementary linear algebra and calculus to comprehend the material and work through the problems. Given its scope and format, the book is suitable both for self-study and as a textbook for graduate or advanced undergraduate classes. .

Many-body problem --- Numerical solutions. --- Numerical analysis --- Superconductivity. --- Superconductors. --- Mathematical physics. --- Statistical physics. --- Phase transitions (Statistical physics). --- Physics. --- Strongly Correlated Systems, Superconductivity. --- Mathematical Physics. --- Statistical Physics and Dynamical Systems. --- Phase Transitions and Multiphase Systems. --- Mathematical Methods in Physics. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Phase changes (Statistical physics) --- Phase transitions (Statistical physics) --- Phase rule and equilibrium --- Statistical physics --- Physics --- Mathematical statistics --- Physical mathematics --- Superconducting materials --- Superconductive devices --- Cryoelectronics --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Electric conductivity --- Critical currents --- Superfluidity --- Statistical methods --- Mathematics --- Materials

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This book focuses on angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy studies on novel interfacial phenomena in three typical two-dimensional material heterostructures: graphene/h-BN, twisted bilayer graphene, and topological insulator/high-temperature superconductors. Since the discovery of graphene, two-dimensional materials have proven to be quite a large “family”. As an alternative to searching for other family members with distinct properties, the combination of two-dimensional (2D) materials to construct heterostructures offers a new platform for achieving new quantum phenomena, exploring new physics, and designing new quantum devices. By stacking different 2D materials together and utilizing interfacial periodical potential and order-parameter coupling, the resulting heterostructure’s electronic properties can be tuned to achieve novel properties distinct from those of its constituent materials. This book offers a valuable reference guide for all researchers and students working in the area of condensed matter physics and materials science.

Superconductivity. --- Superconductors. --- Nanotechnology. --- Spectroscopy. --- Microscopy. --- Nanoscale science. --- Nanoscience. --- Nanostructures. --- Strongly Correlated Systems, Superconductivity. --- Spectroscopy and Microscopy. --- Nanoscale Science and Technology. --- Nanoscience --- Physics --- Nano science --- Nanoscale science --- Nanosciences --- Science --- Analysis, Microscopic --- Light microscopy --- Micrographic analysis --- Microscope and microscopy --- Microscopic analysis --- Optical microscopy --- Optics --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Superconducting materials --- Superconductive devices --- Cryoelectronics --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Electric conductivity --- Critical currents --- Superfluidity --- Qualitative --- Materials --- Nanostructured materials. --- Nanomaterials --- Nanometer materials --- Nanophase materials --- Nanostructure controlled materials --- Nanostructure materials --- Ultra-fine microstructure materials --- Microstructure --- Nanotechnology --- Spectrometry --- Analytical chemistry

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This book offers a compact tutorial on basic concepts and tools in quantum many-body physics, and focuses on the correlation effects produced by mutual interactions. The content is divided into three parts, the first of which introduces readers to perturbation theory. It begins with the simplest examples—hydrogen and oxygen molecules—based on their effective Hamiltonians, and looks into basic properties of electrons in solids from the perspective of localized and itinerant limits. Readers will also learn about basic theoretical methods such as the linear response theory and Green functions. The second part focuses on mean-field theory for itinerant electrons, e.g. the Fermi liquid theory and superconductivity. Coulomb repulsion among electrons is addressed in the context of high-Tc superconductivity in cuprates and iron pnictides. A recent discovery concerning hydride superconductors is also briefly reviewed. In turn, the third part highlights quantum fluctuation effects beyond the mean-field picture. Discussing the dramatic renormalization effect in the Kondo physics, it provides a clear understanding of nonperturbative interaction effects. Further it introduces readers to fractionally charged quasi-particles in one and two dimensions. The last chapter addresses the dynamical mean field theory (DMFT). The book is based on the author’s long years of experience as a lecturer and researcher. It also includes reviews of recent focus topics in condensed matter physics, enabling readers to not only grasp conventional condensed matter theories but also to catch up on the latest developments in the field.

Superconductivity. --- Superconductors. --- Solid state physics. --- Magnetism. --- Magnetic materials. --- Low temperature physics. --- Low temperatures. --- Statistical physics. --- Strongly Correlated Systems, Superconductivity. --- Solid State Physics. --- Magnetism, Magnetic Materials. --- Low Temperature Physics. --- Statistical Physics and Dynamical Systems. --- Physics --- Mathematical statistics --- Cryogenics --- Low temperature physics --- Temperatures, Low --- Temperature --- Cold --- Materials --- Mathematical physics --- Electricity --- Magnetics --- Solids --- Superconducting materials --- Superconductive devices --- Cryoelectronics --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Electric conductivity --- Critical currents --- Superfluidity --- Statistical methods --- Many-body problem. --- Quantum theory. --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- n-body problem --- Problem of many bodies --- Problem of n-bodies --- Mechanics, Analytic