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Le présent ouvrage cherche à circonscrire l’apparition, au Xe siècle de notre ère, d’une réflexion autonome sur le langage au sein du courant de pensée exégétique non dualiste (Advaita Vedānta) inauguré au VIIIe siècle en Inde par Śaṅkara. Si l’importance des réflexions indiennes sur le langage n’est plus à démontrer, la contribution de l’exégèse advaitin à ce domaine des études philosophiques sanskrites n’est généralement pas reconnue. Notre point de départ est l’analyse du plus ancien texte de cette tradition entièrement consacré à des questions linguistiques, l’Enquête sur la connaissance verbale de Prakāśātman, dont on trouvera ici une édition critique et une première traduction française largement annotée. Une étude historique et philosophique introduit aux grandes figures du mouvement, ainsi qu’à quelques concepts-clés de la théorie linguistique indienne. Sur cette base, on s’efforce de comprendre les raisons qui poussèrent l’un des plus illustres représentants de la tradition brahmanique non dualiste à s’engager dans une réflexion sur le langage inédite, quand bien même elle plonge ses racines dans des problèmes exégétiques plus anciens. Cette approche, herméneutique plus que doctrinale, permet de tirer de l’oubli l’une des grandes pensées linguistiques de l’Inde médiévale, en même temps qu’elle redonne à la parole toute sa place dans l’édifice de l’Advaita, « système » dont le fondement se donne dans une extériorité radicale, et dont la réflexion linguistique constitue à bien des égards la philosophie première.
Advaita --- Vedanta --- Language and languages --- Hindu philosophy --- Philosophy --- Prakāśātma,
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Why people are not as gullible as we thinkNot Born Yesterday explains how we decide who we can trust and what we should believe—and argues that we're pretty good at making these decisions. In this lively and provocative book, Hugo Mercier demonstrates how virtually all attempts at mass persuasion—whether by religious leaders, politicians, or advertisers—fail miserably. Drawing on recent findings from political science and other fields ranging from history to anthropology, Mercier shows that the narrative of widespread gullibility, in which a credulous public is easily misled by demagogues and charlatans, is simply wrong.Why is mass persuasion so difficult? Mercier uses the latest findings from experimental psychology to show how each of us is endowed with sophisticated cognitive mechanisms of open vigilance. Computing a variety of cues, these mechanisms enable us to be on guard against harmful beliefs, while being open enough to change our minds when presented with the right evidence. Even failures—when we accept false confessions, spread wild rumors, or fall for quack medicine—are better explained as bugs in otherwise well-functioning cognitive mechanisms than as symptoms of general gullibility.Not Born Yesterday shows how we filter the flow of information that surrounds us, argues that we do it well, and explains how we can do it better still.
Social psychology --- Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Philosophical anthropology --- Social ethics --- #SBIB:309H505 --- #SBIB:309H1026 --- Code en boodschap: psychologische, psycho-analytische benadering --- Mediaboodschappen met een persuasieve functie --- Persuasion (Psychology) --- Influence (Psychology) --- Trust. --- Belief and doubt. --- Decision making. --- Social aspects.
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Why people are not as gullible as we thinkNot Born Yesterday explains how we decide who we can trust and what we should believe—and argues that we're pretty good at making these decisions. In this lively and provocative book, Hugo Mercier demonstrates how virtually all attempts at mass persuasion—whether by religious leaders, politicians, or advertisers—fail miserably. Drawing on recent findings from political science and other fields ranging from history to anthropology, Mercier shows that the narrative of widespread gullibility, in which a credulous public is easily misled by demagogues and charlatans, is simply wrong.Why is mass persuasion so difficult? Mercier uses the latest findings from experimental psychology to show how each of us is endowed with sophisticated cognitive mechanisms of open vigilance. Computing a variety of cues, these mechanisms enable us to be on guard against harmful beliefs, while being open enough to change our minds when presented with the right evidence. Even failures—when we accept false confessions, spread wild rumors, or fall for quack medicine—are better explained as bugs in otherwise well-functioning cognitive mechanisms than as symptoms of general gullibility.Not Born Yesterday shows how we filter the flow of information that surrounds us, argues that we do it well, and explains how we can do it better still.
Persuasion (Psychology) --- Influence (Psychology) --- Trust. --- Belief and doubt. --- Decision making. --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Conviction --- Doubt --- Consciousness --- Credulity --- Emotions --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Religion --- Will --- Agnosticism --- Rationalism --- Skepticism --- Trust (Psychology) --- Attitude (Psychology) --- Conformity --- Example --- Communication --- Psychology, Applied --- Propaganda --- Social aspects. --- Decision making
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Avec le pamphlet Guerre aux démolisseurs ! (1825-1832), Victor Hugo dénonce le vandalisme patrimonial et réclame une loi pour la protection des monuments. L’État prendra le relais en constituant une législation adaptée. Jusque-là portée par des initiatives individuelles, la conservation du patrimoine devient une cause publique.
Monument historique --- Protection du patrimoine --- Hugo, Victor
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