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Separation (Technology) --- Surface chemistry. --- Chemistry, Surface --- Interfaces, Chemistry of --- Surface phenomena --- Surfaces (Chemistry) --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Capillarity --- Surface energy --- Surface tension --- Surfaces (Physics) --- Analytical chemistry --- Chemistry, Technical --- Technology --- Chemical separations --- Separation processes --- Separation science --- Separation technologies --- Separations, Chemical
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Fractionation, in the most general sense, could mean any process whereby a mixture is separated into different components or fractions. Examples of fractionation processes include dephlegmation, fractional distillation, fractional freezing, fractional melting, isotope fractionation, and other separation techniques. Of the many and varied separation processes available, fractionation plays a major part, and capital investment in fractionation equipment and processes may form a significant fraction of industrial processing investment. Fractionation as a separation technique is extensively used in widely diverse areas such as the application of geochemical fractionation of metals in sediments of water reservoirs, fractionation of polysaccharides from selected mushroom species, and fractional distillation of bio-oil produced by pyrolysis of certain palm seeds.
Manufacturing processes. --- Separation (Technology) --- Chemical separations --- Separation processes --- Separation science --- Separation technologies --- Separations, Chemical --- Analytical chemistry --- Chemistry, Technical --- Technology --- Industrial processing --- Manufacture --- Process engineering (Manufactures) --- Processes, Manufacturing --- Processing, Industrial --- Production processes --- Industrial arts --- Production engineering --- Machine-tools --- Materials
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This Special Issue is aimed at highlighting the potentialities of membrane and membrane reactor operations in various sectors of chemical engineering, based on application of the process intensification strategy. In all of the contributions, the principles of process intensification were pursued during the adoption of membrane technology, demonstrating how it may lead to the development of redesigned processes that are more compact and efficient while also being more environmental friendly, energy saving, and amenable to integration with other green processes. This Special Issue comprises a number of experimental and theoretical studies dealing with the application of membrane and membrane reactor technology in various scientific fields of chemical engineering, such as membrane distillation for wastewater treatment, hydrogen production from reforming reactions via inorganic membrane and membrane photoassisted reactors, membrane desalination, gas/liquid phase membrane separation of CO2, and membrane filtration for the recovery of antioxidants from agricultural byproducts, contributing to valorization of the potentialities of membrane operations.
membrane configuration --- solar energy --- modeling --- gas/liquid separation --- wastewater treatment --- membrane distillation --- hydrogel composite membranes --- on-board --- hydrogen --- hydrogen production --- ethanol --- multivariate analysis --- membrane engineering --- micro channel --- two-phase flow --- advanced separations --- water splitting --- micro direct methanol fuel cell (µDMFC) --- ultrafiltration (UF) --- palladium --- ionic liquids membranes --- photocatalysis --- fouling renewable heat sources --- micro contactor --- porous membranes --- desalination --- clarification --- separator --- steam reforming --- membrane reactor --- methane --- photocatalytic membrane reactor --- Z-scheme --- orange press liquor --- CO2 conversion --- microfiltration (MF) --- Pd-based membrane
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