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In the last decades, inedible lignocellulosic biomasses have attracted significant attention for being abundant resources that are not in competition with agricultural land or food production and, therefore, can be used as starting renewable material for the production of a wide variety of platform chemicals. The three main components of lignocellulosic biomasses are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, complex biopolymers that can be converted into a pool of platform molecules including sugars, polyols, alchols, ketons, ethers, acids and aromatics. Various technologies have been explored for their one-pot conversion into chemicals, fuels and materials. However, in order to develop new catalytic processes for the selective production of desired products, a complete understanding of the molecular aspects of the basic chemistry and reactivity of biomass derived molecules is still crucial. This Special Issue reports on recent progress and advances in the catalytic valorization of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin model molecules promoted by novel heterogeneous systems for the production of energy, fuels and chemicals.

n/a --- hemicellulose --- catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis reactions --- furfural --- ZSM-5 --- syngas --- renewable aromatics --- Diels–Alder --- lignin --- hydroisomerization --- levulinic acid --- bio-oil upgrade --- metal ferrites --- aromatic ethers --- hierarchical zeolites --- Chilean natural zeolites --- bioethanol --- renewable p-xylene --- desilication --- dimethylfuran --- GC/MS characterization --- biomass --- H-donor molecules --- heterogeneous catalysis --- polyols --- Brønsted acids sites --- spinels --- solketal --- glycerol --- chemical-loop reforming --- zeolite --- cellulose --- insulating oils --- hydrogenolysis --- lignocellulosic biomasses --- bio-insulating oil --- glycidol --- Diels-Alder

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Kinetics and reactor modeling for heterogeneous catalytic reactions are prominent tools for investigating and understanding catalyst functionalities at nanoscale and the related rates of complex reaction networks. This book illustrates some examples related to the transformation of simple to more complex feedstocks, including different types of reactor designs, i.e., steady-state, transient plug flow reactors, and TAP reactors for which there is sometimes a strong gap in the operating conditions from ultra-high-vacuum to high-pressure conditions. In conjunction, new methodologies have emerged, giving rise to more robust microkinetics models. As exemplified, they include the kinetics and the dynamics of the reactors and span a large range of length and time scales. The objective of this Special Issue is to provide contributions that can illustrate recent advances and novel methodologies for elucidating the kinetics of heterogeneous reactions and the necessary multiscale approach for optimizing the reactor design. This book is dedicated to postgraduate and scientific researchers, and experts in heterogeneous catalysis. It may also serve as a source of original information for the elaboration of lessons on catalysis for Master students.

microkinetics --- n/a --- internal effectiveness factor --- FTIR spectroscopy --- automation --- power-law --- AEIR method --- promoter --- TAP reactor --- rhodium --- Temkin model --- mechanism analysis --- H2S --- N2O --- catalytic decomposition --- cracking --- 1 --- 2 --- methanol-to-olefins (MTO) --- zeolite --- ZSM-23 --- kinetic model --- pilot-scale fixed-bed reactor --- methane --- effective diffusion coefficient --- SAPO-18 --- kinetics --- alkali metal --- ZSM-5 --- digitalization --- gas-phase oxidation --- kinetic modeling --- temporal analysis of products --- selective oxidation --- Methyl Ethyl Ketone --- amorphous calcium phosphate --- reactor modeling --- HNO3 --- 3-Butadiene --- transient kinetics --- catalytic combustion --- cobalt mixed oxide --- 3-Butanediol dehydration --- ammonia decomposition --- heats of adsorption --- Pd/?-Al2O3 --- SAPO-34 --- Langmuir–Hinshelwood --- hierarchical graphite felts

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This book is a special collection of articles dedicated to the preparation and characterization of nanoporous materials, such as zeolitic-type materials, mesoporous silica (SBA-15, MCM-41, and KIT-6), mesoporous metallic oxides, metal–organic framework structures (MOFs), and pillared clays, and their applications in adsorption, catalysis, and separation processes. This book presents a global vision of researchers from international universities, research centers, and industries working with nanoporous materials and shares the latest results on the synthesis and characterization of such materials, which have given rise to the special interest in their applications in basic and industrial processes.

n/a --- porous silicon --- ?-zeolite --- 4-trimethylimidazolium --- silica pillared clays --- oligomerization --- hydrofluoric media --- KIT-6 --- glass --- adsorption --- synthesis parameters --- seeds --- MCM-41 --- swelling --- liquid-gas interaction --- confined environment --- ionic liquid --- aluminosilicate --- self-focusing --- zeolite --- 3 --- niobium oxyhydroxide catalysts --- kaolin --- pillaring --- surface properties --- lamellar zeolite --- antibiotics adsorption --- diffusion --- TPA --- ?-diimine --- STW zeolite --- ethanol dehydration --- paraffins --- mesoporous silica --- metal organic framework --- epoxidation --- zeolites --- layered zeolite --- liquid outflow --- Z-scan --- heterogenized --- cationic dye adsorption --- 2-ethyl-1 --- third-order nonlinearity --- gas amount --- surfactant --- nickel --- cyclohexene --- zeolite A --- mesopores --- IGC --- cubic structure --- two-dimensional zeolites --- delaminating --- MWW --- copper removal --- MCM-22 --- hierarchical zeolite --- reaction mechanism --- metakaolin --- liquid/nanoporous material system --- degassing pretreatment

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Interest in politics and the political process—topics that economists consider to be the purview of the sub-field of study known as public choice—appears to be as high as ever. This Special Issue aims to provide a collection of high-quality studies covering many of the varied topics traditionally investigated in the growing field of public choice economics. These include expressive and instrumental voting, checks and balances in the enforcement of rules, electoral disproportionality, foreign aid and political freedom, voting cycles, (in)stability of political ideology, federal spending on environmental goods, pork-barrel and general appropriations spending, politics and taxpayer funding for professional sports arenas, and political scandal and “friends-and-neighbors” voting in general elections. In bringing these topics together in one place, this Special Issue offers a mix of conceptual/formal and empirical studies in public choice economics.

rational ignorance --- rector --- n/a --- disproportionality indexes --- electoral quota --- incumbency advantage --- expressive voting --- electoral systems --- reputation capital --- democratic oversight --- roll-call voting --- rational voter apathy --- political economy --- pork-barrel spending --- mining --- elections --- public policy --- checks and balances --- public interest --- majority decision --- United States Congress --- Policy formulation --- confirmation bias --- Germany --- voter turnout --- localism in elections --- Donald Trump --- political scandal --- Altruism --- measurement --- Ghent University --- proportionality --- Sweden --- voting behavior --- friends-and-neighbors voting --- campaign finance --- political elite --- election --- National Football League --- majority judgment --- political ideology --- instrumental voting --- public choice --- Spain --- Leading by example --- Hierarchical games --- constitutional constraints --- seniority

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The Special Issue “Extractable and Non-Extractable Antioxidants” gives an updated view on antioxidants—both in their extractable and non-extractable form—in the different food groups, their products thereof, and food preparations as well as byproducts and biomass waste. The potential beneficial properties of these compounds and nutraceutical formulations are described in the various studies covered in this Special Issue.

biorefinery --- polyphenols --- polymerization --- n/a --- black teas --- nutrient --- ultrasound assisted extraction --- cyclodextrin --- HPLC-ESI/MS --- legumes --- degradation --- LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS --- antioxidant activity --- forest residues --- multivariate analysis --- bio-based --- chemometrics --- extractable polyphenols --- extractable compounds --- pre-column HPLC method --- Cagnulari marc --- antioxidant capacity --- flour --- total polyphenol content (TPC) --- digestibility --- ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) --- natural antioxidants --- dietary assessment. --- eggplant --- antioxidant --- botanicals --- anthocyanins --- trans-cinnamaldehyde --- anti-inflammation --- cereals --- functional ingredient --- food composition database --- agglomerative hierarchical clustering --- circular economy --- fermentation --- Aloysia triphylla --- Naviglio Extractor® --- flavonols glycosides --- self-inclusion --- phenolic contents --- grape seed --- integrated food research --- antioxidants --- dedicated databases --- phenolic compounds --- non-extractable compounds --- value-added by-products --- phenolic acids --- dietary supplements --- berries jam --- phenolics --- inclusion complex --- sour cherry --- Pleurotus ostreatus --- catechins --- proanthocyanidins --- Chinese mistletoes --- nuclear magnetic spectroscopy --- nitric oxide scavengers --- quercitrin --- endothelial cell --- polyphenolic compounds --- Italian popular recipes --- green extraction --- non-extractable polyphenols --- classic extraction --- study approach --- daidzein --- ?-cyclodextrin --- Camellia sinensis --- antioxidant properties --- digestive enzyme --- extractable --- bioactive compounds --- principal component analysis --- non-extractable --- oxidative stress