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A Practical Gas Analysis by Gas Chromatography provides a detailed overview of the most important aspects of gas analysis by gas chromatography (GC) for both the novice and expert. Authors John Swinley and Piet de Coning provide the necessary information on the selection of columns and components, thus allowing the reader to assemble custom gas analysis systems for specific needs. The book brings together a wide range of disparate literature on this technique that will fill a crucial gap for those who perform different types of research, including lab operators, separation scientists, graduate students and academic researchers. This highly practical, up-to-date reference can be consulted in the lab to guide key decisions about proper setup, hardware and software selection, calibration, analysis, and more, allowing researchers to avoid the common pitfalls caused by incorrect infrastructure.
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"Basic gas chromatography", Third Edition, provides a brief introduction to GC following the objectives for titles in this series. It should appeal to readers with varying levels of education and emphasizes a practical, applied approach to the subject. : This book provides a quick need-to-know introduction to gas chromatography; still the most widely used instrumental analysis technique, and is intended to assist new users in gaining understanding quickly and as a quick reference for experienced users.The new edition provides updated chapters that reflect changes in technology and methodology, especially sample preparation, detectors and multidimensional chromatography. The book also covers new detectors recently introduced and sample preparation methods that have become much more easily accessible since the previous edition.
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Chemical laboratory practice --- laboratoria chemie --- LC (liquid chromatography) --- chromatografie --- GC (gas chromatography) --- HPLC (high power liquid chromatography) --- enzymen
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Gas chromatography (GC) is one of the most important types of chromatography used in analytical chemistry for separating and analyzing chemical organic compounds. Today, gas chromatography is one of the most widespread investigation methods of instrumental analysis. This technique is used in the laboratories of chemical, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries, in research institutes, and also in clinical, environmental, and food and beverage analysis. This book is the outcome of contributions by experts in the field of gas chromatography and includes a short history of gas chromatography, an overview of derivatization methods and sample preparation techniques, a comprehensive study on pyrazole mass spectrometric fragmentation, and a GC/MS/MS method for the determination and quantification of pesticide residues in grape samples.
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Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) coupled to high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (HRTOFMS) has been used to perform non-recreational cannabis strains differentiation. The sampling method, based on dynamic headspace and thermal desorption (TD), has been optimized to maximize volatile organic compound (VOC) collection. Volatile profiles of nine cannabis flowers were collected at room temperature using thermal desorption tubes. Terpenes and other specific volatile compounds emitted by the flowers have been used through advanced data analysis. Different data pre-treatments have been investigated on raw data prior to statistical analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) has been used to visualize the impact of pre-processing. Based on the selected data treatment, five strains out of the nine were selected for strain differentiation. Furthermore, the global chemical classes repartition, odor profile, and medical effects of strains were investigated. Major compounds listed in literature have been successfully identified by the HRTOFMS, using the combination of specific fragmentation and high mass accuracy to increase the confidence in compounds identification. In conclusion, strains have been separated upon PCA results, which has shown also its potential to differentiate cannabis subspecies. Moreover, compound investigation has shown similar profile of aromas with different major flavors in different strains and has shown different medical compound amounts proving the medical potential of cannabis-based products uses. La chromatographie en phase gazeuse bidimensionnelle (GC×GC) couplée à la spectrométrie de masse à temps de vol à haute résolution (HRTOFMS) a été utilisée pour différencier des fleurs de cannabis à usage non-récréatif. La méthode d’échantillonnage, basée sur l’échantillonnage dynamique de l’espace de tête et sur la désorption thermique (TD), a été optimisée afin de maximiser la collection de composés organiques volatils (COVs). Les COVs de neuf fleurs de cannabis ont été récoltés à température ambiante à l’aide de tubes de désorption thermique. L’analyse des données s’est basée sur le profil des terpènes et autres composés volatils des fleurs. Des pré-traitements des données ont été effectués avant leurs analyses statistiques. L’analyse par composante principale (ACP) a été utilisée afin de visualiser l’impact du pré-traitement sur les données. A partir des données sélectionnées après le pré-traitement, cinq fleurs sur les neufs ont été sélectionnées en vue de les différencier. La répartition globale des classes de composés chimiques, le profil des odeurs et des effets médicaux des fleurs ont également été étudiés. Les composés majeurs référencés dans la littérature ont été identifiés par la HRTOFMS qui confère une haute précision de la masse et une plus grande certitude dans l’identification des composés. En conclusion, les fleurs ont été séparées selon leurs résultats d’ACP. Celle-ci a montré son potentiel pour différencier les sous-espèces de cannabis. De plus, l’analyse des composés a montré des profils d’odeurs similaires, avec des arômes majoritaires dans les différentes fleurs. Elle a aussi montré la présence de composés médicinaux, montrant le potentiel médical des produits basés sur le cannabis.
Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography --- Cannabis --- Volatile organic compounds --- Thermal desorption --- High resolution time-of-flight mass spectroscopy --- Chromatographie gazeuse bidimensionnelle --- Cannabis --- Désorption thermique --- Spectroscopie de masse à temps de vol à haute résolution --- Composés organiques volatils --- Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre > Chimie
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The metabolomics approach, defined as the study of all endogenously-produced low-molecular-weight compounds, appeared as a promising strategy to define new cancer biomarkers. Information obtained from metabolomic data can help to highlight disrupted cellular pathways and, consequently, contribute to the development of new-targeted therapies and the optimization of therapeutics. Therefore, metabolomic research may be more clinically translatable than other omics approaches, since metabolites are closely related to the phenotype and the metabolome is sensitive to many factors. Metabolomics seems promising to identify key metabolic pathways characterizing features of pathological and physiological states. Thus, knowing that tumor metabolism markedly differs from the metabolism of normal cells, the use of metabolomics is ideally suited for biomarker research. Some works have already focused on the application of metabolomic approaches to different cancers, namely lung, breast and liver, using urine, exhaled breath and blood. In this Special Issue we contribute to a more complete understanding of cancer disease using metabolomics approaches.
cell transporters --- pharmacodynamics --- cell growth --- in vitro study --- metabolomic signatures --- endometabolome --- lung cancer --- metabolomics --- chemometric methods --- bladder cancer --- mTOR --- metabolite profiling --- metabolic pathways --- hepatocellular carcinoma --- glutamate --- senescence MCF7 --- breath analysis --- bio actives --- biomarker --- gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) --- GC-MS --- lung --- omics --- nutraceuticals --- glutaminase --- metabolism --- acylcarnitines --- Erwinaze --- Kidrolase --- glutathione --- targeted metabolomics --- apoptosis --- SLC1A5 --- essential amino acids --- cancer progression --- ASCT2 --- HR MAS --- alanine --- analytical platforms --- volatile organic compound --- glutaminolysis --- isotope tracing analysis --- asparaginase --- vitamin E --- breast cancer --- prognosis --- early diagnosis --- tocotrienols --- NMR --- prostate cancer --- in vitro --- cancer --- MDA-MB-231
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Focuses on so-called 'hyphenated techniques' (EGA-TGA, TGA-GC/MS, etc), which allow a great deal of chemical information about a sample to be revealed quickly and conveniently. The methods are highly applicable to polymer/plastics samples, but also to other materials including pharmaceuticals, biomass, and various organic and inorganic compounds.
Gases --- Gas. --- Gas chromatography. --- Infrared spectroscopy. --- Mass spectrometry. --- Thermal analysis. --- Thermogravimetry. --- Analysis. --- Thermal gravimetric analysis --- Gravimetric analysis --- Thermal analysis --- Differential thermal analysis --- Differential thermal curves --- Analytical chemistry --- Mass spectra --- Mass spectrograph --- Mass spectroscopy --- Mass spectrum analysis --- Mass (Physics) --- Nuclear spectroscopy --- Spectrum analysis --- Infra-red spectrometry --- Infrared spectrometry --- Spectrometry, Infrared --- Spectroscopy, Infrared --- Optical spectroscopy --- Gas-liquid chromatography --- GLC (Chromatographic analysis) --- Vapor-phase chromatography --- Chromatographic analysis --- Coal-gas --- Illuminating gas --- Producer gas --- Gases, Asphyxiating and poisonous --- Coal-tar products --- Distillation, Destructive --- Eudiometry --- Gas --- Gas analysis --- Gasometry --- Analysis
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This book is a collection of 13 innovative papers describing the state of the art and the future perspectives in solid-phase extraction covering several analytical fields prior to the use of gas or liquid chromatographic analysis. New sorptive materials are presented including carbon nanohorn suprastructures on paper support, melamine sponge functionalized with urea–formaldehyde co-oligomers, chiral metal–organic frameworks, UiO-66-based metal–organic frameworks, and fabric phase sorptive media for various applications. Solid-phase extraction can be applied in several formats aside from the conventional cartridges or mini-column approach, e.g., online solid-phase extraction, dispersive solid-phase microextraction, and in-syringe micro-solid-phase extraction can be very helpful for analyte pre-concentration and sample clean-up. Polycyclic musks in aqueous samples, 8-Nitroguanine in DNA by chemical derivatization antibacterial diterpenes from the roots of salvia prattii, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in aater samples by bamboo charcoal-based SPE, parabens in environmental water samples, benzotriazoles as environmental pollutants, organochlorine pesticide residues in various fruit juices and water samples and synthetic peptide purification are among the applications cited in this collection. All these outstanding contributions highlight the necessity of this analytical step, present the advantages and disadvantages of each method and focus on the green analytical chemistry guidelines that have to be fulfilled in current analytical practices.
method validation --- nitrated DNA lesion --- benzotriazoles --- microextraction --- LC-MS/MS --- perfluoroalkyl acids --- antibacterial diterpenes --- in-house loaded SPE --- isotope-dilution --- polycyclic musks --- wastewater --- peptide --- HPLC-DAD --- chiral compounds --- derivatization --- extraction --- water --- enantiomeric excess --- sample preparation --- metal-organic frameworks --- solid-phase extraction --- FPSE --- melamine sponge --- preparative high-performance liquid chromatography --- GC–MS/MS --- solid phase peptide synthesis --- HPLC-PDA --- Salvia prattii --- in-syringe micro solid-phase extraction --- organochlorine pesticides --- hydrophilic solid-phase extraction --- response surface methodology --- IBD --- graphene --- sorptive phase --- paper --- liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry --- carbon nanohorns --- gradient elution --- peroxynitrite --- bamboo charcoal --- gas chromatography-mass spectrometry --- environmental samples --- parabens --- solid phase extraction (SPE) --- preparative purification --- antidepressants --- online solid-phase extraction --- organic pollutants --- urea-formaldehyde co-oligomers --- personal care products --- dispersive solid-phase extraction --- fabric phase sorptive extraction --- analyte partitioning
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Sterols and other isoprenoids are of great interest for their molecular structure and function in cell architecture and evolution, as well as for their importance in medicine and agriculture. Molecules’ 2019 Festschrift Special Issue in honor of the 65th birthday of Prof. W. David Nes, an internationally recognized chemical biologist and recipient of the George Schroepher medal for sterol research, focuses on recent developments in the chemistry, biosynthesis, and function of these polycyclic natural products. This volume of Molecules contains 16 leading-edge review articles and original research contributions from an international cast of scientists. This volume is grouped into three sections: (i) isoprenoid metabolome and diversity, (ii) clinical evaluation of sterol and triterpene structures and biosynthesis, and (iii) methods and synthesis of steroids and other compounds. The volume will be a valuable reference tool for those who study medicinal chemistry, protein chemistry, and biochemistry of isoprenoid lipids.
high-fat high-carbohydrate diet --- toxicity --- oxysterol --- n/a --- squalene cyclase --- sterol content --- sterolomics --- Polystichum --- Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome --- antifungals --- alkaloid --- cycloartenol synthase --- degeneration --- phytosterol --- Rhizopus arrhizus --- fibroblasts --- pod-blast --- fern --- cholesterol --- cytotoxic activity --- N-methylpiperidine. reductive deamination --- genetic disease --- isoprenoid --- steroid --- atherosclerosis --- granatane --- antioxidant --- wound healing --- development --- enzyme-assisted derivatization --- maturity --- terpene --- keratinocytes --- C4-demethylation complex (C4DMC) --- ?-sitosterol --- mesocarp --- sterol biosynthesis --- mechanism-based inactivators --- Mucorales --- gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) --- Girard reagent --- ROS --- sterol pattern --- N-methylcadaverine --- ?-tocopherol --- electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry --- human African trypanosomiasis --- HUVECs --- lipidomics --- campesterol --- triterpene --- oxyphytosterol --- leishmania --- Chagas disease --- LOX-1 --- sterol C24-methyltransferase --- antifungal effectivity --- ergosterol biosynthesis --- hormone --- glucose homeostasis --- retina --- solanaceae --- cholestanoic acid --- algal sterols --- cell migration --- withanolides --- insulin resistance --- Zingiber officinale --- posaconazole --- synthesis --- pre-diabetes --- pharmacognosy --- sterol --- 4-methylsterol --- oleanolic acid --- antiparasitic drugs --- lupeol --- oilseed --- aurelianolides --- divalent metal co-factor ligation --- bile alcohol --- phytosterols --- azoles --- infectious disease --- gingerols --- UV-radiation --- oil bodies --- ZnO --- sterol 14?-demethylase --- stigmasterol
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