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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

approximate number system --- Number Sense --- non-symbolic number acuity --- Numerical cognition --- Mathematics

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The standard approach to cognitive development most frequently consists of cross-sectional studies comparing different ages and groups while restricted to a single task. The necessity to focus on the individual in an idiographic perspective, rather than on the task or the variable, has been repeatedly emphasized, most recently in several very important papers by Nesselroade and Molenaar. Variability has also emerged as a crucial characteristic. Moreover, understanding the developmental construction of a given cognitive achievement is imperative to understanding cognitive functioning in adulthood. The general objective of this book is to focus on the individual by studying intraindividual and interindividual variability in various cognitive tasks, that is, intraindividual variability across items of a given task (inconsistency), across various cognitive tasks (dispersion), and/or across years (intraindividual change), and of course, on interindividual differences in intraindividual variability. This book presents empirical studies that have been conducted by research groups in Europe and in North America, prominent in the field of variability and development or methodology. The 26 authors/co-authors include senior authors such as Lautrey, Schmiedek, Dauvier, van der Maas, Ghisletta, Stawski, MacDonald, and de Ribaupierre.

n/a --- neuropsychological assessment --- Alzheimer’s Disease --- life-span --- mathematics --- cognitive heterogeneity --- prepotent response inhibition --- reasoning --- Raven’s Progressive Matrices --- computerized adaptive practicing --- working memory updating --- Go/NoGo SART task --- allocation of study time --- micro-longitudinal design --- variability --- functional adaptability --- cognitive aging --- spatial precision --- longitudinal method --- number --- working memory --- autoregressive parameter --- numerical cognition --- idiographic approach --- hierarchical modeling --- intraindividual variation --- ambulatory assessment --- intra-individual variability --- functional diversity --- prospective memory --- amplitude of fluctuations --- cognitive development --- reaction time --- cognitive impairment --- mild cognitive impairment --- random process fluctuation --- intraindividual variability --- dispersion --- individual differences --- Cognition. --- Psychology --- Alzheimer's Disease --- Raven's Progressive Matrices