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The idea of democracy is under enormous challenge in the recent years, especially since the election of many populist politicians who run a platform of pleasing electoral winners at the expense of the losers. This book argues that majority rule itself is not to blame, but the institutional features that stabilize majorities are responsible. Despite the popular idea that social choice instability (or "cycling") makes it impossible for majorities to make optimal decisions, Yuhui Li argues that the best part of democracy is not the large number of people on the winning side, but that the winners can be easily divided and realigned with losers in the cycling process. He shows that minorities' bargaining power depends on their ability to exploit the division within the winning coalition and induce its members to defect, an institutionalized uncertainty that is missing in one-party authoritarian systems. The reason that certain democracies lost their institutional advantage to non-democracies is often that their institutions make it too hard for the winning coalition to divide and break down. Using simple reasoning with the help of experimental and observational data, Dividing the Rulers theorizes and simulates why such division within the majority is important and what kind of institutional features can help a democratic system maintain such division, which is crucial in preventing an undefeatable winning coalition and the "tyranny of the majority" that may come with it. These institutional solutions point to a direction of institutional reform that not only academics, but also politicians and voters should collectively pursue.

Democracy. --- Majorities.

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"This edited volume traces the rise of far right vigilante movements - some who have been involved in serious violence against minorities, migrants and other vulnerable groups in society, whereas other vigilantes are intimidating but avoid using violence. Written by an international team of contributors, the book features case studies from Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, and Asia. Each chapter is written to a common research template examining the national social and political context, the purpose of the vigilante group, how it is organised and operates, its communications and social media strategy and its relationship to mainstream social actors and institutions, and to similar groups in other countries. The final comparative chapter explores some of the broader research issues such as under which conditions such vigiliantism emerges, flourishes or fails, policing approaches, masculinity, the role of social media, responses from the state and civil society, and the evidence of transnational co-operation or inspiration. This is a groundbreaking volume which will be of particular interest to scholars with an interest in the extreme right, social movements, political violence, policing and criminology"--

Immigrants --- Minorities --- Vigilantes --- Vigilance committees --- Ethnic minorities --- Foreign population --- Minority groups --- Persons --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Discrimination --- Ethnic relations --- Majorities --- Plebiscite --- Race relations --- Segregation --- Emigrants --- Foreign-born population --- Foreigners --- Migrants --- Aliens --- Violence against

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This volume, Minority Self-Government in Europe and the Middle East: From Theory to Practice , is novel from several perspectives. It combines theory with facts on the ground, going beyond legal perspectives without neglecting existing laws and their implementation. Theoretical discussions transcend examining existing autonomy models in certain regions. It offers new models in the field, discussing such critical themes as environmentalism. Traditional concepts such as self-determination and well-known successful autonomy examples, including the Åland Islands, Basque and Catalonian models, are examined from different perspectives. Some chapters in this volume focus on certain regions (including Turkey, Syria, and Iraq) which have only recently received scholarly attention. Chapters complement one another in terms of their theoretical inputs and outputs from the field.

Minorities. --- Politics and government. --- Ethnic minorities --- Foreign population --- Minority groups --- Persons --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Discrimination --- Ethnic relations --- Majorities --- Plebiscite --- Race relations --- Segregation --- Political science. --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The

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A half century after the Fair Housing Act, despite ongoing transformations of the geography of privilege and poverty, residential segregation by race and income continues to shape urban and suburban neighborhoods in the United States. Why do people live where they do? What explains segregation's persistence? And why is addressing segregation so complicated?The Dream Revisited brings together a range of expert viewpoints on the causes and consequences of the nation's separate and unequal living patterns. Leading scholars and practitioners, including civil rights advocates, affordable housing developers, elected officials, and fair housing lawyers, discuss the nature of and policy responses to residential segregation. Essays scrutinize the factors that sustain segregation, including persistent barriers to mobility and complex neighborhood preferences, and its consequences from health to home finance and from policing to politics. They debate how actively and in what ways the government should intervene in housing markets to foster integration. The book features timely analyses of issues such as school integration, mixed income housing, and responses to gentrification from a diversity of viewpoints. A probing examination of a deeply rooted problem, The Dream Revisited offers pressing insights into the changing face of urban inequality.

Discrimination in housing --- African Americans --- Minorities --- Segregation --- Ethnic minorities --- Foreign population --- Minority groups --- Persons --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Discrimination --- Ethnic relations --- Majorities --- Plebiscite --- Race relations --- Housing. --- Housing --- 351.778.5 --- Ruimtelijke ordening. Volkshuisvesting. Plannen van aanleg. Woningbouw --- 351.778.5 Ruimtelijke ordening. Volkshuisvesting. Plannen van aanleg. Woningbouw

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Le thème des minorités n’a émergé que tardivement dans l’historiographie socio-économique, principalement sous la forme des recherches consacrées à la pauvreté ; c’est surtout l’histoire religieuse et culturelle, notamment après les inflexions données par l’anthropologie historique, qui, plus récemment, a repris les dossiers des déviances religieuses et des exclusions. Pour les temps médiévaux, surtout à partir de la « révolution grégorienne », l’accent est mis surtout sur le facteur religieux, comme élément discriminatoire majeur opposant l’ecclesia des fidèles à des groupes déviants numériquement minoritaires. Comme son titre l’indique, ce volume entend diversifier les approches, par une forte intégration des modèles sociologiques, en envisageant les processus d’exclusion comme des mécanismes indispensables à la construction des sociétés ; les groupes « minoritaires » (et pas forcément au sens numérique) issus de ces processus ne sont que l’institutionnalisation de positionnements sociaux : à côté du volontarisme politique – évident quand on étudie ces groupes pour eux-mêmes – qui se caractérise par des « mesures d’exception » discriminatoires, il nous semble qu’il existe des « effets de système » conduisant les régulations sociales ordinaires à inférioriser jusqu’à des pans entiers du corps social, par rapport à un système de valeurs exigeant et élitiste. Ainsi, les femmes, les cadets de famille, les indigènes soumis à des processus de conquête militaire et même les paysans doivent être intégrés dans notre analyse, au même titre que les Juifs ou les hérétiques. Mais tout n’est pas noir avant l’invention de la citoyenneté de masse. À l’échelle locale, essentielle aux temps médiévaux, les communautés d’habitants fonctionnent assez bien comme machines à intégrer. Et la tolérance sociale s’oppose à l’intolérance idéologique, dans des rapports complexes avec les processus d’exclusion eux-mêmes. Une autre originalité de ce livre est d’associer presque à égalité,…

Marginality, Social --- Minorities --- Exclusion sociale --- Minorités --- History --- Histoire --- Mediterranean Region --- Méditerranée, Région de la --- Ethnic relations --- Relations interethniques --- Civilization, Medieval --- Civilization, Medieval. --- Minorities. --- Minderheit. --- Sozialgeschichte. --- Social conditions --- Social conditions. --- To 1517 --- Mediterranean Region. --- Mittelmeerraum. --- Medieval social history --- Mediterranean region --- To 1517. --- Minorités --- Méditerranée, Région de la --- Ethnic minorities --- Foreign population --- Minority groups --- Persons --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Discrimination --- Majorities --- Plebiscite --- Race relations --- Segregation --- Circum-Mediterranean countries --- Mediterranean Area --- Mediterranean countries --- Mediterranean Sea Region