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Agriculture is certainly the most important food supplier while it globally accounts for more than 70% of water used and contributes significantly to water pollution. Irrigated agriculture is facing rising competition worldwide for access to reliable, low cost, and high-quality water resources. However, irrigation as the major tool and determinant of affecting agricultural productivity and environmental resources plays a critical role in food security and environment sustainability. Innovative irrigation technologies and practices may enhance agricultural water efficiency and production, in the meantime decrease the water demand and quality issues. I am very pleased to invite you to submit manuscripts in agricultural irrigation which assess current challenges and offer improvement approaches and opportunities for future irrigation.

semi-arid regions --- greenhouse gas emission --- model simulation --- spinach --- benchmarking --- leaf mineral composition --- available water capacity --- irrigated crops --- organic production --- site-specific irrigation --- infiltration depth --- pumping plants --- performance indicator --- treated wastewater irrigation --- precision agriculture --- evaluation of performance --- total yield --- row cover --- irrigation --- slope gradient --- farming data --- optimal irrigation time --- lettuce production --- life cycle assessment --- mulch --- monthly changes --- irrigation water use efficiency --- energy audit --- crop evapotranspiration --- irrigation management --- downy mildew --- biomass production --- water application rate --- tomato fruit yield --- temperature variations --- irrigation water regimes --- salinization --- net irrigation requirements --- center-pivot irrigation --- cover crop --- climate change adaptation --- deficit irrigation --- drip irrigation --- Mediterranean region --- principal component analysis --- global sensitivity analysis

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In a worldwide context of ever-growing competition for water and land, climate change, droughts and man-made water scarcity, and less-participatory water governance, agriculture faces the great challenge of producing enough food for a continually increasing population. In this line, this book provides a broad overview of innovation issues in the complex water–agriculture–food nexus, thus also relative to their interconnections and dependences. Issues refer to different spatial scales, from the field or the farm to the irrigation system or the river basin. Multidisciplinary approaches are used when analyzing the relationships between water, agriculture, and food security. The covered issues are quite diverse and include: innovation in crop evapotranspiration, crop coefficients and modeling; updates in research relative to crop water use and saving; irrigation scheduling and systems design; simulation models to support water and agricultural decisions; issues to cope with water scarcity and climate change; advances in water resource quality and sustainable uses; new tools for mapping and use of remote sensing information; and fostering a participative and inclusive governance of water for food security and population welfare. This book brings together a variety of contributions by leading international experts, professionals, and scholars in those diverse fields. It represents a major synthesis and state-of-the-art on various subjects, thus providing a valuable and updated resource for all researchers, professionals, policymakers, and post-graduate students interested in the complex world of the water–agriculture–food nexus.

hysteresis loops --- irrigation systems design --- fuzzy cognitive maps --- Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) --- olive orchard --- Kcb from ground cover --- crop growth --- surface water pollution --- crop water use and evapotranspiration --- measures --- water–energy–food nexus --- water-agriculture-food nexus --- drought classes --- soil temperature --- pressures --- crop water requirements --- Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) --- validation --- latent heat flux --- log-linear modeling --- impact --- Row crops --- dried on the vine --- reform --- Tagus River Basin --- precise land levelling --- regulated deficit irrigation --- Transfer --- relative pressure exceedance --- irrigation district --- evaporation --- Irrigation --- perturbation --- aridity effects --- economic and environmental issues --- water users’ organization --- pressurized irrigation systems --- decision support systems (DSS) --- Pampa biome --- crop yield --- reference evapotranspiration --- DPSIR --- SIMDualKc model --- semi-arid region --- wheat --- calibration --- design of irrigation systems --- Density coefficient --- simulation models --- biomass --- crop transpiration --- groundwater --- direct forcing --- Spain --- satellite observations --- maize yield --- water and salt balance --- soil water balance --- spatial variability --- persistence --- supply–demand balance model --- sustained deficit irrigation --- leaf area index --- evapotranspiration --- eddy covariance --- dry drainage system --- droughts --- Participatory Irrigation Management --- Black soil --- surface irrigation modelling --- drip and basin irrigation --- remote sensing --- crop coefficient curves --- irrigation scheduling --- unsteady flow --- root growth --- North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) --- Sensitive Zones --- soil evaporation --- actual evapotranspiration --- agricultural intensification --- organizational analysis --- policies --- water and land management --- agriculture --- hydrant risk indicator --- evaporative fraction --- local advection --- Fiesta grapes --- Evapotranspiration --- Dual crop coefficients --- Vulnerable Zones --- salinity --- cut-off time --- soil moisture --- irrigation water governance --- nitrogen --- Andalusia --- Corn --- basal crop coefficients --- water balance --- participatory management --- beneficial water use --- soil nutrient --- water users association --- deficit irrigation --- stakeholder engagement --- new technologies --- smartphone application --- drip irrigation --- Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. --- inflow rates --- policy-making --- soil water storage depletion --- on-demand operation