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City-states --- Civil war --- Civil wars --- Intra-state war --- Rebellions --- Government, Resistance to --- International law --- Revolutions --- War --- History --- Greece --- Hellenism --- History. --- Cités-États --- Histoire. --- Cités-États

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Many view civil wars as violent contests between armed combatants. But history shows that community groups, businesses, NGOs, local governments, and even armed groups can respond to war by engaging in civil action. Characterized by a reluctance to resort to violence and a willingness to show enough respect to engage with others, civil action can slow, delay, or prevent violent escalations. This volume explores how people in conflict environments engage in civil action, and the ways such action has affected violence dynamics in Syria, Peru, Kenya, Northern Ireland, Mexico, Bosnia, Afghanistan, Spain, and Colombia. These cases highlight the critical and often neglected role that civil action plays in conflicts around the world.

Nonviolence --- Civilians in war --- Civil war --- Violence --- Social aspects --- Protection of civilians --- Prevention --- Violent behavior --- Social psychology --- Civil wars --- Intra-state war --- Rebellions --- Government, Resistance to --- International law --- Revolutions --- War --- War and society --- Non-violence --- Pacifism

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Counterinsurgency --- Civil war --- Non-state actors (International relations) --- Alliances. --- South Asia --- Politics and government. --- Alliances --- Treaties of alliance --- International relations --- Treaties --- Counterguerrilla warfare --- Guerrilla warfare --- Insurgency --- NGAs (International relations) --- Non-governmental actors (International relations) --- Nongovernmental actors (International relations) --- Non-state entities (International relations) --- Nonstate entities (International relations) --- Nonstate actors (International relations) --- Associations, institutions, etc. --- Civil wars --- Intra-state war --- Rebellions --- Government, Resistance to --- International law --- Revolutions --- War --- Law and legislation