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What exactly is a crowd? How do crowds differ from other large gatherings of people? And how do they transform emotions, politics, or faith? In Crowds, contributors draw on their experiences and expertise to reflect on their encounters with crowds. Each chapter examines a particular crowd or conception of crowdedness to provide an analysis of how, when, where—and with whom—crowds form in different contexts, as well as their purpose and the practical effect the experience has on both the participants and their environment. The wide selection of case studies ranges from the crowds that form every year during the Hajj, to New Year celebrations in China, commuters on the Delhi metro, public prayer in Nigeria, online mobs in Bangladesh, and the crowds that have emerged during protest movements in Thailand and Syria. Crowds makes a key contribution to establishing an anthropological theory of crowds and will be an essential read for both students and researchers.
Crowds. --- Persons --- Collective behavior --- Riots --- Anthropology;Social research and statistics;Urban communities
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"Few places are as politically precarious as Bangladesh, even fewer as crowded. Its 57,000 or so square miles are some of the world's most inhabited. Often described as a definitive case of the bankruptcy of postcolonial governance, it is also one of the poorest among the most densely populated nations. In spite of an overriding anxiety of exhaustion, there are a few important caveats to the familiar feelings of despair―a growing economy, and an uneven, yet robust, nationalist sentiment―which, together, generate revealing paradoxes. In this book, Nusrat Sabina Chowdhury offers insight into what she calls 'the paradoxes of the popular,' or the constitutive contradictions of popular politics. The focus here is on mass protests, long considered the primary medium of meaningful change in this part of the world. Chowdhury writes provocatively about political life in Bangladesh in a rich ethnography that studies some of the most consequential protests of the last decade, spanning both rural and urban Bangladesh. By making the crowd its starting point and analytical locus, this book tacks between multiple sites of public political gatherings and pays attention to the ephemeral and often accidental configurations of the crowd. Ultimately, Chowdhury makes an original case for the crowd as a defining feature and a foundational force of democratic practices in South Asia and beyond."--
Protest movements --- Crowds --- Political culture --- Political aspects --- Bangladesh --- Politics and government.
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"This well-grounded and practical guide highlights the underlying causes of crowd disasters and mass fatalities--living readers insight into the root causes of crowd related accidents. It presents a clearer understanding of crowd dynamics and provides the reader with fundamental modeling techniques to plan and manage and improve crowd safely in places of public assembly. The book is written for students and professionals in a number of areas such as event planning, licensing/approval and event operation, including the emergency services."-- Provided by publisher.
Collective behavior. --- Crowd control --- Crowds. --- Comportement collectif --- Rassemblements --- Foules --- Maîtrise --- Social psychology --- Applied marketing --- sociale psychologie --- veiligheid (mensen) --- evenementen marketing --- massa
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Few places are as politically precarious as Bangladesh, even fewer as crowded. Its 57,000 or so square miles are some of the world's most inhabited. Often described as a definitive case of the bankruptcy of postcolonial governance, it is also one of the poorest among the most densely populated nations. In spite of an overriding anxiety of exhaustion, there are a few important caveats to the familiar feelings of despair—a growing economy, and an uneven, yet robust, nationalist sentiment—which, together, generate revealing paradoxes. In this book, Nusrat Sabina Chowdhury offers insight into what she calls "the paradoxes of the popular," or the constitutive contradictions of popular politics. The focus here is on mass protests, long considered the primary medium of meaningful change in this part of the world. Chowdhury writes provocatively about political life in Bangladesh in a rich ethnography that studies some of the most consequential protests of the last decade, spanning both rural and urban Bangladesh. By making the crowd its starting point and analytical locus, this book tacks between multiple sites of public political gatherings and pays attention to the ephemeral and often accidental configurations of the crowd. Ultimately, Chowdhury makes an original case for the crowd as a defining feature and a foundational force of democratic practices in South Asia and beyond.
Crowds --- Political culture --- Protest movements --- Political aspects --- Bangladesh --- Politics and government. --- Bangladesh. --- South Asia. --- crowd. --- democracy. --- paradox. --- popular sovereignty. --- postcoloniality. --- protest.
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Chacun va au cinéma, aujourd'hui, avec le sentiment de vivre une expérience partagée, mais en même temps intime et singulière. La réception filmique ne fut pourtant pas toujours envisagée ainsi. Durant la période « muette », en France, elle était considérée comme un phénomène ressortissant aux lois de la psychologie collective. Les films ne s'adressaient pas à des individus mais à la foule. La foule était au centre des préoccupations d'une époque que Gustave Le Bon a baptisé d'« ère des foules ». Sa Psychologie des foules est demeurée l'emblème de la psychologie sociale naissante. Pourtant, la vision négative des foules qui s'y dessine ne fut pas la seule manière de concevoir ce phénomène. La foule est aussi apparue comme l'expression d'une volonté de renouveau du communautarisme et du spiritualisme, au sein d'un monde moderne qui s'orientait vers l'individualisme et le matérialisme. C'est par rapport à ces débats que des critiques, cinéastes et théoriciens (Canudo, Gance, Delluc, Epstein, L'Herbier, Moussinac, Faure) envisagèrent d'octroyer au cinéma un rôle capital. Ils voulurent que ce spectacle populaire devienne l'art des foules. Ce n'était qu'ainsi qu'il pouvait offrir aux foules des moments de communion et d'élévation spirituelle, et qu'en même temps, cette mission « religieuse » conférée à l'art par le romantisme serait sauvée. Il était donc destiné à prolonger les idéaux romantiques dans le monde moderne, tout en préparant la venue d'un homme nouveau capable de fusion psychique, voire de télépathie. Psychologies des foules, histoire de l'art, pacifisme, universalisme, socialisme, occultisme et sciences psychiques sont ici convoqués pour exhumer les enjeux idéologiques de cette grandiose et utopique théorisation du cinéma comme Septième Art et de la réception filmique comme phénomène collectif.
Motion pictures --- Motion picture audiences --- Collective behavior --- Social aspects --- History. --- Behavior, Collective --- Crowd behavior --- Crowds --- Mass behavior --- Human behavior --- Social action --- Social psychology --- Film audiences --- Filmgoers --- Moviegoers --- Moving-picture audiences --- Performing arts --- Cinema --- Feature films --- Films --- Movies --- Moving-pictures --- Audio-visual materials --- Mass media --- Psychology --- Audiences --- History and criticism --- foule --- réception --- théorie du cinéma --- film
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"The Criminal Crowd and Other Writings on Mass Society is the first English collection of writings by Italian jurist, sociologist, cultural and literary critic Scipio Sighele. Sighele is largely responsible for providing post-unification Italy with a new outlook on issues ranging from the blurring line between individual and collective accountability, the role of urbanization in the development of criminality, and the emancipation of women. This work draws a multifaceted portrait of a provocative thinker and public intellectual caught between tradition and modernity during the European fin de siecle. Containing a comprehensive introduction by the editor, The Criminal Crowd and Other Writings on Mass Society includes Sighele's seminal work, The Criminal Crowd, as well as his formative studies on group behaviour. Nicoletta Pireddu contextualizes Sighele's contribution to the so-called 'age-of crowds, ' from the fierce polemic with his French rivals Gustave LeBon and Gabriel Tarde to the scientific, literary, and cultural developments of his conceptualization of mass behaviours as a legitimate object of psychological investigation into a new century."--
Criminal psychology. --- Social psychology. --- Mass psychology --- Psychology, Social --- Human ecology --- Psychology --- Social groups --- Sociology --- Criminal psychiatry --- Criminals --- Psychology, Criminal --- Criminal anthropology --- Psychology, Pathological --- European intellectual history. --- Italian cultural history. --- Italian literature. --- Scipio Sighele. --- collective psychology. --- crowd psychology. --- crowds. --- history of criminology. --- history of sociology. --- mass society. --- suggestion. --- women's studies.
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"In July 1967, on the third night of a race riot, Detroit police raided the Algiers Motel, a black-owned business located about a mile from the epicenter of the unrest. The police responded to a report of sniper fire from the motel and proceeded to round up its occupants. They beat them and threatened to kill them. Three black men were killed that night, and no one was convicted for their deaths. First published in 1968, John Hersey's book strings together interviews, police reports, court testimony, and news reports to give an account of the events and their aftermath."--Provided by publisher.
African Americans --- Riots --- Civil disorders --- Assembly, Right of --- History --- Offenses against public safety --- Political violence --- Crowds --- Demonstrations --- Mobs --- Street fighting (Military science) --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Negroes --- Africans --- Ethnology --- Blacks --- Social conditions --- Violence against --- Detroit (Mich.) --- Detroit --- Diṭroiṭ (Mich.) --- Deṭroyṭ (Mich.) --- Town of Detroit (Mich.) --- City of Detroit (Mich.) --- Race relations --- Black people
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Part murder mystery, part social history of political violence, Lethal Provocation is a forensic examination of the deadliest peacetime episode of anti-Jewish violence in modern French history. Joshua Cole reconstructs the 1934 riots in Constantine, Algeria, in which tensions between Muslims and Jews were aggravated by right-wing extremists, resulting in the deaths of twenty-eight people. Animating the unrest was Mohamed El Maadi, a soldier in the French army. Later a member of a notorious French nationalist group that threatened insurrection in the late 1930s, El Maadi became an enthusiastic supporter of France's Vichy regime in World War II, and finished his career in the German SS. Cole cracks the "cold case" of El Maadi's participation in the events, revealing both his presence at the scene and his motives in provoking violence at a moment when the French government was debating the rights of Muslims in Algeria. Local police and authorities came to know about the role of provocation in the unrest and killings and purposely hid the truth during the investigation that followed. Cole's sensitive history brings into high relief the cruelty of social relations in the decades before the war for Algerian independence.
Ethnic conflict --- Riots --- Jews --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Judaism --- Civil disorders --- Assembly, Right of --- History --- Offenses against public safety --- Political violence --- Crowds --- Demonstrations --- Mobs --- Street fighting (Military science) --- Conflict, Ethnic --- Ethnic violence --- Inter-ethnic conflict --- Interethnic conflict --- Ethnic relations --- Social conflict --- History. --- France --- Constantine (Algeria) --- Constantine, Algeria (City) --- Cirta (Algeria) --- Qusanṭīnah (Algeria) --- قسنطينة (Algeria) --- Politics and government --- Ethnic relations. --- Colonialism, Antisemitism, France, Algeria, Constantine, violence.
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The authors analyse the reasons underlying the resurgence of communalism in the 2000s in Uttar Pradesh (UP) leading to riots in Mau in 2005, Gorakhpur in 2007, and Muzaffarnagar in 2013, but more importantly move beyond riots to analyse the new ways and means whereby communalism in the present phase is being manufactured by the Hindu right. They argue that UP is experiencing a post-Ayodhya phase of communalism markedly different from the late 1980s/early 1990s. The text employs a model of institutionalized everyday communalism whose defining feature is that rather than initiating major, state-wide riots, the strategy of the BJP-RSS currently is to create and sustain constant, low-key communal tension together with frequent, small, low-intensity incidents out of petty everyday issues that institutionalize communalism at the grassroots.
Communalism --- Riots --- Hinduism and politics --- Muslims --- Hindutva --- Political activity --- Uttar Pradesh (India) --- Ethnic relations --- Political aspects. --- Hindu nationalism --- Hinduism and state --- Nationalism --- Mohammedans --- Moors (People) --- Moslems --- Muhammadans --- Musalmans --- Mussalmans --- Mussulmans --- Mussulmen --- Religious adherents --- Islam --- Hinduism --- Politics and Hinduism --- Political science --- Civil disorders --- Assembly, Right of --- History --- Offenses against public safety --- Political violence --- Crowds --- Demonstrations --- Mobs --- Street fighting (Military science) --- Ethnocentrism --- Political aspects --- U.P. --- UP --- State of Uttar Pradesh (India) --- Uttara Pradeśa (India) --- Уттар-Прадеш (India) --- United Provinces of Agra and Oudh (India)
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This book examines the waves of protest that broke out in the 2010s as the collective actions of self-organized publics. Drawing on theories of publics/counter-publics and developing an analytical framework that allows the comparison of different country cases, this volume explores the transformation from spontaneous demonstrations, driven by civic outrage against injustice to more institutionalized forms of protest. Presenting comparative research and case studies on e.g. the Portuguese Generation in Trouble, the Arab Spring in Northern Africa, or Occupy Wall Street in the USA, the authors explore how protest publics emerge and evolve in very different ways – from creating many small citizen groups focused on particular projects to more articulated political agendas for both state and society. These protest publics have provoked and legitimized concrete socio-political changes, altering the balance of power in specific political spaces, and in some cases generating profound moments of instability that can lead both to revolutions and to peaceful transformations of political institutions. The authors argue that this recent wave of protests is driven by a new type of social actor: self-organized publics. In some cases these protest publics can lead to democratic reform and redistributive policies, while in others they can produce destabilization, ethnic and nationalist populism, and authoritarianism. This book will help readers to better understand how seemingly spontaneous public events and protests evolve into meaningful, well-structured collective action and come to shape political processes in diverse regions of the globe.
Protest movements. --- Demonstrations. --- City planning. --- Cities and towns --- City planning --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Land use --- Planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Regional planning --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- Marches (Demonstrations) --- Political demonstrations --- Political marches --- Political rallies --- Public demonstrations --- Rallies (Demonstrations) --- Collective behavior --- Crowds --- Public meetings --- Riots --- Social movements --- Government policy --- Management --- Public policy. --- Democracy. --- Comparative politics. --- Economic development. --- Social change. --- Public Policy. --- Comparative Politics. --- Development and Social Change. --- Change, Social --- Cultural change --- Cultural transformation --- Societal change --- Socio-cultural change --- Social history --- Social evolution --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Comparative political systems --- Comparative politics --- Government, Comparative --- Political systems, Comparative --- Political science --- Self-government --- Equality --- Representative government and representation --- Republics
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