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The intention of the Special Issue ""Biological and Biogenic Crystallization"" was to create an international platform aimed at covering a broad field of results involving the crystallization of biological molecules, including virus and protein crystallization, biogenic crystallization including physiological and pathological crystallization taking place in living organisms (human beings, animals, plants, bacteria, etc.), and bio-inspired crystallization. Despite many years of research on biological and biogenic crystals, there are still open questions as well as hot and timely topics. This Special Issue contains seven articles that present a cross-section of the current research activities in the of field of biological and biogenic crystals. The authors of the presented articles prove the vibrant and topical nature of this field. We hope that this Special Issue will serve as a source of inspiration for future investigations, and will be useful for scientists and researchers who work on the exploration of biological and biogenic crystals.

pericentrin --- biomineralization --- pericentriolar material (PCM) --- physical and biochemical aspects of protein crystal nucleation --- size control --- calcite --- centrosome --- hemoglobin --- X-ray crystallography --- spectrophotometry --- nucleation --- protein crystallization --- seawater --- classical and two-step nucleation mechanisms --- macroseeding --- CaCO₃ --- electron microscopy --- biodesalination --- neutron crystallography --- spherulite --- wastewater --- chaotropes --- X-ray fluorescence holography --- dipole field --- limpet shells --- coiled-coil --- shape control --- kosmotropes --- heavy metals removal --- hydration --- crystallization --- ?- --- S-shaped nucleation kinetics --- small molecules --- pericentrin --- biomineralization --- pericentriolar material (PCM) --- physical and biochemical aspects of protein crystal nucleation --- size control --- calcite --- centrosome --- hemoglobin --- X-ray crystallography --- spectrophotometry --- nucleation --- protein crystallization --- seawater --- classical and two-step nucleation mechanisms --- macroseeding --- CaCO₃ --- electron microscopy --- biodesalination --- neutron crystallography --- spherulite --- wastewater --- chaotropes --- X-ray fluorescence holography --- dipole field --- limpet shells --- coiled-coil --- shape control --- kosmotropes --- heavy metals removal --- hydration --- crystallization --- ?- --- S-shaped nucleation kinetics --- small molecules

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The intention of the Special Issue ""Biological and Biogenic Crystallization"" was to create an international platform aimed at covering a broad field of results involving the crystallization of biological molecules, including virus and protein crystallization, biogenic crystallization including physiological and pathological crystallization taking place in living organisms (human beings, animals, plants, bacteria, etc.), and bio-inspired crystallization. Despite many years of research on biological and biogenic crystals, there are still open questions as well as hot and timely topics. This Special Issue contains seven articles that present a cross-section of the current research activities in the of field of biological and biogenic crystals. The authors of the presented articles prove the vibrant and topical nature of this field. We hope that this Special Issue will serve as a source of inspiration for future investigations, and will be useful for scientists and researchers who work on the exploration of biological and biogenic crystals.

pericentrin --- biomineralization --- pericentriolar material (PCM) --- physical and biochemical aspects of protein crystal nucleation --- size control --- calcite --- centrosome --- hemoglobin --- X-ray crystallography --- spectrophotometry --- nucleation --- protein crystallization --- seawater --- classical and two-step nucleation mechanisms --- macroseeding --- CaCO₃ --- electron microscopy --- biodesalination --- neutron crystallography --- spherulite --- wastewater --- chaotropes --- X-ray fluorescence holography --- dipole field --- limpet shells --- coiled-coil --- shape control --- kosmotropes --- heavy metals removal --- hydration --- crystallization --- ?- --- S-shaped nucleation kinetics --- small molecules

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The intention of the Special Issue ""Biological and Biogenic Crystallization"" was to create an international platform aimed at covering a broad field of results involving the crystallization of biological molecules, including virus and protein crystallization, biogenic crystallization including physiological and pathological crystallization taking place in living organisms (human beings, animals, plants, bacteria, etc.), and bio-inspired crystallization. Despite many years of research on biological and biogenic crystals, there are still open questions as well as hot and timely topics. This Special Issue contains seven articles that present a cross-section of the current research activities in the of field of biological and biogenic crystals. The authors of the presented articles prove the vibrant and topical nature of this field. We hope that this Special Issue will serve as a source of inspiration for future investigations, and will be useful for scientists and researchers who work on the exploration of biological and biogenic crystals.

pericentrin --- biomineralization --- pericentriolar material (PCM) --- physical and biochemical aspects of protein crystal nucleation --- size control --- calcite --- centrosome --- hemoglobin --- X-ray crystallography --- spectrophotometry --- nucleation --- protein crystallization --- seawater --- classical and two-step nucleation mechanisms --- macroseeding --- CaCO₃ --- electron microscopy --- biodesalination --- neutron crystallography --- spherulite --- wastewater --- chaotropes --- X-ray fluorescence holography --- dipole field --- limpet shells --- coiled-coil --- shape control --- kosmotropes --- heavy metals removal --- hydration --- crystallization --- ?- --- S-shaped nucleation kinetics --- small molecules

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For at least six hundred million years, life has been a fascinating laboratory of crystallization, referred to as biomineralization. During this huge lapse of time, many organisms from diverse phyla have developed the capability to precipitate various types of minerals, exploring distinctive pathways for building sophisticated structural architectures for different purposes. The Darwinian exploration was performed by trial and error, but the success in terms of complexity and efficiency is evident. Understanding the strategies that those organisms employ for regulating the nucleation, growth, and assembly of nanocrystals to build these sophisticated devices is an intellectual challenge and a source of inspiration in fields as diverse as materials science, nanotechnology, and biomedicine. However, “Biological Crystallization” is a broader topic that includes biomineralization, but also the laboratory crystallization of biological compounds such as macromolecules, carbohydrates, or lipids, and the synthesis and fabrication of biomimetic materials by different routes. This Special Issue collects 15 contributions ranging from biological and biomimetic crystallization of calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, and silica-carbonate self-assembled materials to the crystallization of biological macromolecules. Special attention has been paid to the fundamental phenomena of crystallization (nucleation and growth), and the applications of the crystals in biomedicine, environment, and materials science.

chitosan --- Csep1p --- bond selection during protein crystallization --- bioremediation --- education --- reductants --- heavy metals --- biomimetic crystallization --- MTT assay --- protein crystallization --- drug discovery --- optimization --- polymyxin resistance --- lysozyme --- ependymin-related protein (EPDR) --- equilibration between crystal bond and destructive energies --- barium carbonate --- dyes --- microseed matrix screening --- nanoapatites --- colistin resistance --- Haloalkane dehalogenase --- diffusion --- polyacrylic acid --- random microseeding --- protein ‘affinity’ to water --- insulin --- protein crystal nucleation --- agarose --- lithium ions --- ependymin (EPN) --- {00.1} calcite --- seeding --- Campylobacter consisus --- metallothioneins --- Crohn’s disease --- balance between crystal bond energy and destructive surface energies --- color change --- microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) --- crystallization of macromolecules --- crystallization --- calcein --- MCR-1 --- Cry protein crystals --- L-tryptophan --- circular dichroism --- crystal violet --- nanocomposites --- halide-binding site --- calcium carbonate --- PCDA --- ultrasonic irradiation --- adsorption --- biochemical aspects of the protein crystal nucleation --- GTL-16 cells --- proteinase k --- neutron protein crystallography --- classical and two-step crystal nucleation mechanisms --- thermodynamic and energetic approach --- heavy metal contamination --- N-acetyl-D-glucosamine --- crystallization in solution flow --- solubility --- biomorphs --- droplet array --- biomimetic materials --- ferritin --- biomineralization --- wastewater treatment --- H3O+ --- silica --- graphene --- supersaturation dependence of the crystal nucleus size --- pyrrole --- micro-crystals --- nucleation --- crystallography --- mammalian ependymin-related protein (MERP) --- high-throughput --- vaterite transformation --- gradients --- materials science --- bioprecipitation --- biomedicine --- human carbonic anhydrase IX --- protein crystal nucleation in pores --- growth --- crystal growth

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Within the last decade, the high and continuing demand for precious and base metals, as well as critical elements, has prompted a global rush on a scale never before seen. This eventually resulted in the demand for considerable innovation and improvement in mineral deposit genetic modelling and ore formation regimes for the many different types of gold deposits, now recognized, and paralleled by the wide employment of exploration techniques and a rapid expansion of geological databases. This Special Issue will show case studies of porphyry polymetal systems, orogenic gold formations, water–rock reaction, ore-forming structure evolution, mineralogy and petrology of ore deposit, ore formation regime, geochronology and geochemistry of ore deposit, ore-forming evolution, mineral exploration and cutting-edge technology in ore deposit study.

n/a --- syenite --- petrogenesis --- North China Craton --- Hongyan deposit --- Yangshan gold belt --- mineral geo-thermometry --- water–rock interaction --- Pinglidian gold deposit --- lithospheric architecture --- Liaodong Peninsula --- visible gold --- Zhengchong gold deposit --- stable isotopes --- geochemistry --- ore shoots --- high fugacity --- Huangshaping --- zircon U-Pb dating --- orogenic gold deposit --- high-silica adakitic rocks (HSA) --- zircon U–Pb dating --- zircon geochronology --- middle–late Jurassic --- Rare-Earth Elements --- Tiantangshan tin polymetallic deposit --- whole-rock geochemistry --- fluid inclusions --- low Sr and high Yb A2-type granite --- W–Sn skarn --- Jiaodong area --- hydrous melts --- quartz vein --- hydrothermal alteration halo --- fluid inclusion --- archean basement --- H–O isotope --- Sizhuang gold deposit --- South China --- invisible gold --- granite petrogenesis --- Zaorendao gold deposit --- geostatistics --- SE China --- physicochemical condition of mineralization --- metallogenesis --- structural control --- constraints on mineralization --- Northwestern Yunnan Province --- ore-forming processes --- zircon Hf isotopes --- metallogenic rule --- rock geochemistry --- Shizhuyuan --- Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotopes --- immiscibility --- Jiaodong Peninsula --- Mo-polymetallic deposit --- Permian A-type granite --- precipitation mechanism --- Jiangnan orogenic belt --- Chishan alkaline complex --- A-type granite --- in situ study --- magmatic oxygen fugacity --- Jiaodong --- Liaoning Province --- oxidation state --- Re–Os dating --- Saima deposit --- C–H–O isotopes --- sericite --- gold deposition --- post-collisional slab break-off --- Hf-Nd isotopic mapping --- geochronology --- Sr–Nd isotopes --- Inner Mongolia --- Zaozigou deposit --- Pulang porphyry Cu (–Mo–Au) deposit --- Haoyaoerhudong gabbro --- trace element --- Cu-Au hydrothermal mineralization --- molybdenite Re-Os dating --- Hegenshan-Heihe suture zone --- Late Cretaceous --- Great Xing’an Range --- SW China --- Hongshan skarn deposit --- tin mineralization --- Xianghualing --- Hf isotopes --- post-collisional --- hydrothermal calcite --- molybdenite Re–Os dating --- LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb dating --- Sanshandao gold deposit --- China --- Lu–Hf isotopes --- orogenic-gold deposit --- garnet Sm–Nd dating --- paleo-Tethyan ocean closure --- Weilasituo Sn-polymetallic deposit --- West Qinling --- mantle branch --- formation temperature --- ore prospecting target --- Dongbulage --- niobium mineralization --- LA-ICP-MS --- quartz --- C–O isotopes --- acidity --- Beiya Au deposit --- ore-controlling structures --- U–Pb zircon age --- Koka deposit --- zircon U–Pb geochronology --- skarn mineralogy --- Phapon gold deposit --- water-rock interaction --- middle-late Jurassic --- W-Sn skarn --- H-O isotope --- Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopes --- Re-Os dating --- C-H-O isotopes --- Sr-Nd isotopes --- Pulang porphyry Cu (-Mo-Au) deposit --- Great Xing'an Range --- LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating --- Lu-Hf isotopes --- garnet Sm-Nd dating --- C-O isotopes --- U-Pb zircon age --- zircon U-Pb geochronology