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Coin hoards --- Coins --- Coins, Medieval. --- Numismatics --- Numismatics, Medieval. --- History

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"Enormous coin hoards have always been discovered, and very large quantities of coins are also found in archaeological excavations carried out in urban areas. All these great amounts of coins can be dated either to a restricted period or distributed along many centuries. However, these findings put the researchers in front of complicated issues mainly concerning the methodology of their study, which necessarily conditions the results of the numismatic research. Great coin numbers, different methods, exemplary projects, therefore, have merged during the congress: “Big is beautiful?”, with the consequent question: “Faut-il vraiment étudier les ‘mégadépôts’ monetaires?”. This is exactly the crucial question that marked the three days of discussion, and this is reflected in these Proceedings."

Coin hoards --- Coins, Ancient --- Numismatics --- Archaeology --- Data processing --- Methodology --- Data processing.

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Coin designers --- Coinage --- Coinage. --- Coins, Anglo-Saxon --- Economic history. --- Mints --- Money --- Money. --- Numismatics --- History --- To 1500. --- England --- England. --- Economic conditions

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Silver, Butter, Cloth advances current debates about the nature and complexity of Viking economic systems. It explores how silver and other commodities were used in monetary and social economies across the Scandinavian world of the Viking Age (c. 800-1100 AD) before and alongside the wide scale introduction of coinage. Taking a multi-disciplinary approach that unites archaeological, numismatic, and metallurgical analyses, Kershaw and Williams examine the uses and sources of silver in both monetary and social transactions, addressing topics such as silver fragmentation, hoarding, and coin production and re-use. Uniquely, it also goes beyond silver, giving the first detailed consideration of the monetary role of butter, cloth, and gold in the Viking economy. (Indeed, it is instrumental in developing methodologies to identify such commodity monies in the archaeological record.) The use of silver and other commodities within Viking economies is a dynamic field of study, fuelled by important recent discoveries across the Viking world. The 14 contributions to this book, by a truly international group of scholars, draw on newly available archaeological data from eastern Europe, Scandinavia, the North Atlantic, and the British Isles and Ireland, to present the latest original research. Together, they deepen understanding of Viking monetary and social economies and advance0new definitions of 'economy', 'currency', and 'value' in the ninth to eleventh centuries.

Silver coins --- Coin hoards --- Viking antiquities. --- Civilization, Viking. --- Coins, Scandinavian. --- Coins, Medieval. --- Coinage --- Numismatics --- Economic history --- History --- History. --- Europe --- Economic conditions

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Alternative assets such as fine art, wine, or diamonds have become popular investment vehicles in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. Correlation with classical financial markets is typically low, such that diversification benefits arise for portfolio allocation and risk management. Cryptocurrencies share many alternative asset features, but are hampered by high volatility, sluggish commercial acceptance, and regulatory uncertainties. This collection of papers addresses alternative assets and cryptocurrencies from economic, financial, statistical, and technical points of view. It gives an overview of their current state and explores their properties and prospects using innovative approaches and methodologies.

inflation propensity --- realized volatility --- portfolio modelling --- diamond stocks --- systemic risk --- cryptocurrencies --- initial coin offering --- smooth transition --- investment asset --- GARCH --- risk management --- transaction costs --- liquidity costs --- time series --- Baltic dry index --- statistical arbitrage --- volume --- cryptocurrency --- Hashrate --- blockchain --- diamond prices --- pro-cyclical volatility --- capital asset pricing model --- Bitcoin volatility --- trend prediction --- collatz conjecture --- high-frequency finance --- sentiment --- geometric distribution --- speculative bubbles --- gold --- classification framework --- limit order book --- venture capital --- proof-of-work --- high frequency --- Bitcoin --- machine learning --- metric learning --- stylized fact --- digital currency --- crowdfunding --- HAR --- GARCH-MIDAS --- bitcoin --- Finance. --- Funding --- Funds --- Economics --- Currency question