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Non-tariff trade barriers. --- Foreign trade regulation. --- Asian Development Bank. --- Sri Lanka --- Commerce. --- Economic conditions
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This 2019 Article IV Consultation highlights that Timor-Leste remains a fragile post-conflict nation with weak human and institutional capacity and large infrastructure gaps. The main challenge facing Timor-Leste is to effectively manage its petroleum wealth to reduce public-sector dependence, diversify the non-oil economy, generate jobs for a young and rapidly-growing population, and raise living standards. Political uncertainty constrained public spending in 2017–18, resulting in a sharp contraction of non-oil GDP in 2017 and flat growth in 2018. The report discusses that risks to the outlook are closely tied to the success of fiscal and structural reforms to maintain macroeconomic stability, ensure long-run fiscal sustainability, and facilitate economic diversification. The consultation recommends that a fiscal strategy should be pursued to improve expenditure control and efficiency, mobilize domestic revenue, and commit to protecting the wealth of the Petroleum Fund. Ongoing efforts to strengthen public financial management and promote good governance are crucial to ensure public investment efficiency and enhance the quality of public services.
International Monetary Fund. --- World Bank Group --- Asian Development Bank --- ADB --- Banque asiatique de développement --- Grupa Svjetske banke --- Groupe de la Banque mondiale --- Gruppo della Banca mondiale --- Majmūʻat al-Bank al-Dawlī --- Nhóm Ngân hàng thế giới --- Grupo del Banco Mundial --- Internationaal monetair fonds --- International monetary fund --- Investments: Energy --- Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Statistics --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Energy: General --- Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology --- Computer Programs: Other --- Public finance & taxation --- International economics --- Investment & securities --- Econometrics & economic statistics --- Public debt --- External debt --- Oil --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Expenditure --- Commodities --- Debts, External --- Debts, Public --- Petroleum industry and trade --- Finance, Public --- Expenditures, Public --- Timor
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The final book from a towering pioneer in the study of poverty and inequality—a critically important examination of poverty around the worldIn this, his final book, economist Anthony Atkinson, one of the world’s great social scientists and a pioneer in the study of poverty and inequality, offers an inspiring analysis of a central question: What is poverty and how much of it is there around the globe? The persistence of poverty—in rich and poor countries alike—is one of the most serious problems facing humanity. Better measurement of poverty is essential for raising awareness, motivating action, designing good policy, gauging progress, and holding political leaders accountable for meeting targets. To help make this possible, Atkinson provides a critically important examination of how poverty is—and should be—measured.Bringing together evidence about the nature and extent of poverty across the world and including case studies of sixty countries, Atkinson addresses both financial poverty and other indicators of deprivation. He starts from first principles about the meaning of poverty, translates these into concrete measures, and analyzes the data to which the measures can be applied. Crucially, he integrates international organizations’ measurements of poverty with countries’ own national analyses.Atkinson died before he was able to complete the book, but at his request it was edited for publication by two of his colleagues, John Micklewright and Andrea Brandolini. In addition, François Bourguignon and Nicholas Stern provide afterwords that address key issues from the unfinished chapters: how poverty relates to growth, inequality, and climate change.The result is an essential contribution to efforts to alleviate poverty around the world.
Social stratification --- Social problems --- Social policy --- 339.21 --- Ongelijkheid en herverdeling van vermogens en inkomens. Inkomensbeleid --- Poverty. --- Poverty --- Equality. --- Case studies. --- Research.655 --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Egalitarianism --- Inequality --- Social equality --- Social inequality --- Political science --- Sociology --- Democracy --- Liberty --- Amartya Sen. --- Angus Deaton. --- Asian Development Bank. --- Atlas method. --- Calculation. --- Cambodia. --- Capability approach. --- Case study. --- Central Statistical Office (Poland). --- Child poverty. --- Climate change mitigation. --- Climate change. --- Commodity. --- Consumer. --- Consumption (economics). --- Demographic and Health Surveys. --- Developed country. --- Developing country. --- Development aid. --- Disposable and discretionary income. --- Economic growth. --- Economic inequality. --- Economy. --- Employment. --- Estimation. --- Eurostat. --- Extreme poverty. --- Family income. --- Famine. --- Finding. --- Head of Household. --- Household income. --- Household. --- Human Development Index. --- Human Development Report. --- Imputed rent. --- Income distribution. --- Income. --- Kenya. --- Latin America. --- Malaysia. --- Martin Ravallion. --- Measurement. --- Measures of national income and output. --- Median income. --- Millennium Development Goals. --- Month. --- Multidimensional Poverty Index. --- National Report. --- National Statistical Office (South Korea). --- National accounts. --- No Poverty. --- Oxford University Press. --- Percentage point. --- Percentage. --- Poverty in China. --- Poverty in India. --- Poverty in Poland. --- Poverty in the United States. --- Poverty reduction. --- Poverty threshold. --- Prevalence. --- Price index. --- Public economics. --- Purchasing power. --- Requirement. --- Rural area. --- Rural poverty. --- Sabina Alkire. --- Sampling (statistics). --- Saving. --- Social exclusion. --- Social protection. --- South Asia. --- Standard of living. --- Statistic. --- Statistics South Africa. --- Survey methodology. --- Sustainable Development Goals. --- Tanzania. --- Tax. --- Thomas Piketty. --- Time series. --- Trade-off. --- Uganda Bureau of Statistics. --- Uganda. --- Unemployment. --- United Nations Development Programme. --- United States Census Bureau. --- Urbanization. --- Wealth. --- Workforce. --- World Bank Group. --- World Bank. --- World Development Indicators. --- World Development Report. --- World population. --- Year. --- Zambia.
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