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This book looks at the way primarily external actors influenced and were influenced by the revolutionary chaos that erupted in the Arab Middle East in 2011. The Arab revolutions radically altered the Middle East dynamic and particularly the strategic standing of key actors, both locally and globally. The 'winners' are leaders with strategic understanding of the region and a scheme for exploiting the chaos - Putin, Netanyahu and Iran's Qasem Soleimani-along with, strikingly, the very institution of Arab monarchy. The 'losers' are the Arab autocrats who were deposed in Egypt, Libya and Yemen. The Palestinians, seemingly bypassed by the dynamic of Arab revolution, are also losers. So are the American presidents - Bush and Obama - whose disastrous strategic decision-making catalyzed Arab state fragmentation and opened the gates of the Levant to Iran's drive for regional hegemony. Western democratic society suffered too - from waves of Islamist terrorism and the effects of Muslim migration generated at least in part by Arab chaos. Only in the case of two leaders was the jury still out by 2019. Saudi Arabia's brutal reformist crown prince, Mohamed bin Salman, put Saudi women in the driver's seat but butchered and abused political rivals and neighbors alike. And US President Trump's demand to get America out of the Middle East would actually make some sense in this chaotic context if it were embedded in a cohesive strategy. This book takes a global look at a massive regional upheaval that is far from over. It is an essential read for everybody interested in the Arab revolutions, Middle East and international strategic affairs.

ARAB SPRING, 2010 --- -ARAB COUNTRIES--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT --- ARAB COUNTRIES--FOREIGN RELATIONS