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Over the last eight years the Syrian conflict has developed into one of the worst humanitarian tragedies of modern times. Against this dramatic backdrop, this ISPI Report aims to answer a few crucial questions: how can a country whose society has gone through such traumas and destruction reimagine itself and its future? What conditions would allow those Syrians who were forced to leave their homes to return? And what are the regional and international dynamics and interests that will shape Syria's future? The Report provides the reader with key tools to understand where Syria is headed and what can be done to avoid the worst scenarios.

Postwar reconstruction.

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Beginning in 2003, diverse and significant actors, both domestic and international, engaged in reconstruction activities in Iraq. The total budget committed to Iraq's reconstruction was unprecedented among postconflict operations mobilized by the international community. Despite the vast sums of money spent, and the implementation of its many projects and programs, the donors and the Iraqi people view the reconstruction efforts in Iraq in a negative light. The reconstruction of Iraq after 2003: learning from its successes and failures focuses on the period between 2003 and 2014 - that is, after the United States-led invasion and overthrow of the Saddam Hussein regime, and before the sudden rise of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), also known as Daesh. This book assesses several dimensions of Iraq's reconstruction. First, it considers the response of key international actors, such as the United Nations, the World Bank, the United States, and other bilateral donors - specifically, the European Union, Japan, and the United Kingdom - as well as nongovernmental organizations. Second, it analyzes the process and results of the reconstruction of key sectors (electricity, oil, education, and health), and the interventions geared to institution building and governance reform. Pursuing effective reconstruction within the context of conflict and fragility is a formidable challenge because of the uncertain, fluid, and complex environment. Based on the experience in Iraq, how can the international community support the effectiveness and durability of reconstruction? This book identifies lessons in seven areas and offers four recommendations for international and domestic actors and citizens engaged in reconstruction activities. The reconstruction of Iraq after 2003 is important reading for development practitioners and policy makers who are or will be engaged in reconstruction efforts in fragile and conflict-affected environments.

Postwar reconstruction

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"This book brings together world-renowned scholars from all over Europe to analyse how successive Europes have been constructed in the wake of the key conflicts of the period: the Cold War and the two World Wars. By regressively tracing Europe's path back to these pivotal moments as part of a unique methodology, Europe's Postwar Periods - 1989, 1945, 1918 reveals the defining characteristics of these postwar periods and integrates the changes that followed 1989 into a more substantial historical perspective. The author team address the crucial themes in recent European history on a chapter-by-chapter basis that gives comprehensive coverage to the whole of the European region for topics such as borders, states, empires, democracy, justice, markets and futures. The volume highlights the fact that Europe was made less by wars than is commonly thought, and more by the nature of the settlements - international, national, political, economic and social - that followed the two World Wars and the Cold War. It is an important, innovative text for all students and scholars of 20th-century European history."--Bloomsbury Publishing.

Reconstruction (1914-1939) --- Reconstruction (1939-1951) --- Postwar reconstruction

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A letter to Hon. Charles Sumner, with "statements" of outrages upon freedmen in Georgia, and an account of my expulsion from Andersonville, Ga., by the Ku-Klux Klan. By Rev. H. W. Pierson ... is a historical publication which is considered to be one of the top primary source publications on the subjects of African American's and slavery. Qontro Historical Reprints is republishing high quality copies of the original publications to allow those conducting research, collectors of this type of historical documents to obtain complete copies of the original documents as they were published. Our reprints are of the highest quality and we take pride in publishing high quality editions of all publications that we produce.

Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)

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Après avoir rompu son traité d'alliance avec la France, Liège doit subir la vengeance du Roi-Soleil. Durant cinq jours, du 2 au 6 juin 1691, la ville est la cible des bombes et boulets rouges de l'artillerie française lancés depuis le fort de la Chartreuse. La cité ardente est dévastée, près d'un cinquième du bâti a fortement souffert de l’impact des projectiles ou de l’incendie. Les quartiers situés entre le Marché et la porte d'Amercoeur, ont particulièrement été touchés. Bien que ses caisses soient vides, Liège saura panser ses plaies rapidement. La reconstruction qui suivit le bombardement n’a pas été l’occasion de modifier profondément le plan de la ville, mais sa physionomie a cependant été transformée par la création de réalisations publiques d’embellissement et par la floraison d’habitations adoptant une architecture nouvelle. Certains bâtiments en témoignent encore aujourd'hui dans le paysage urbain de notre cité. L'hôtel de ville, complètement détruit en 1691, fut reconstruit à partir de 1714.

Liège – Bombardement – Reconstruction --- Arts & sciences humaines > Histoire