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Radioactive waste disposal --- Radioactive waste disposal --- Law and legislation --- Law and legislation --- United States.
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Radioactive waste disposal --- Radioactive wastes --- Safety measures. --- Transportation
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Uranium mill tailings --- Radioactive waste disposal --- Law and legislation
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Uranium mill tailings --- Radioactive waste disposal --- Law and legislation --- Law and legislation
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Economic development --- Environmental law --- Environmental policy --- Radioactive waste disposal --- Environmental aspects --- Government policy
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Nuclear waste--the radioactive by-product from nuclear power generation, nuclear weapons and medical isotope production--is one of the most challenging types of waste for our society to manage. Its high radioactivity requires that it be safely isolated from humans and the environment until it no longer poses a hazard; of the order of a million years. This review will show that nuclear waste management is a world of materials science and engineering challenges that must stand the test of time, from designing engineered facilities to isolate waste from future civilisations, to inventing new materials to immobilise weapons-grade and surplus civil plutonium. Due to the ever-changing nature of nuclear waste, which transforms its chemical composition and physical properties through radioactive decay processes, nuclear waste management is also a race against time that will continue to drive research and development for many years to come.
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Radioactive waste sites --- Radioactive waste disposal --- Cleanup --- United States. --- Management. --- Hanford Site (Wash.) --- Washington (State) --- Management --- Evaluation.
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Radioactive wastes --- Radioactive waste disposal --- Nuclear facilities --- Nuclear weapons --- Management. --- Finance. --- Management --- United States. --- Appropriations and expenditures.
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The international Mont Terri rock laboratory in Switzerland plays a central role in the safety and construction of deep geological nuclear repositories in clay formations. The laboratory has developed and refined a range of new measurement and evaluation methods: it has e.g. advanced the determination of rock parameters using innovative borehole geophysics, improved the methodology for characterizing pore-water and microbial activity in claystones, and greatly improved our understanding of diffusion and retention processes of radionuclides in and through claystones. The methods and insights described in this compendium can also be applied to low-permeability rocks at various sites around the globe, and in other fields of application.
Radioactive waste disposal in the ground --- Rocks --- Clay --- Burial of radioactive wastes --- Ground radioactive waste disposal --- Underground radioactive waste disposal --- Environmental aspects --- Analysis. --- Testing. --- Earth sciences. --- Geology. --- Mineralogy. --- Geophysics. --- Earth Sciences. --- Geophysics/Geodesy. --- Aluminum silicates --- Binders (Materials) --- Sediments (Geology) --- Soils --- Petrology --- Stone --- Hazardous waste sites --- Waste disposal in the ground --- Radioactive waste repositories --- Physical geography. --- Physical geology --- Crystallography --- Minerals --- Geography --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Geological physics --- Terrestrial physics --- Physics
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The transition from an operating nuclear facility to the decommissioning phase is critical in the life cycle of every facility. A number of organisational and technical modifications are needed in order for the facility to meet new objectives and requirements, and a certain number of activities must be initiated to support the transition and preparation for the dismantling of the facility. Thorough preparation and planning is key for the success of global decommissioning and dismantling projects, both to minimise delays and undue costs and to ensure a safe and efficient decommissioning process. The aim of this report is to inform regulatory bodies, policy makers and planners about the relevant aspects and activities that should begin during the last years of operation and following the end of operation. Compiling lessons learnt from experiences and good practices in NEA member countries, the report supports the further optimisation of transition strategies, activities and measures that will ensure adequate preparation for decommissioning and dismantling.
Radioactive waste disposal --- Radioactive wastes --- Management --- Nuclear waste disposal --- Nuclear engineering --- Radioactivity --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Radioactive pollution --- Safety measures --- Nuclear facilities --- Decommissioning.
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