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The biggest problem for a shallow foundation, just as for any other type of foundation, is a failure due to an overestimation of the bearing capacity. This means that the correct prediction of the bearing capacity of the foundation is often the most important part of the design of a civil structure. That is why the publication by Prandtl in 1920 about the hardness of a plastic body, was a major step in solving the bearing capacity of shallow foundations, although it is well possible that he never realised this, because his solution was not made for civil engineering purposes, but for mechanical purposes. Over the last 100 years, a lot of extensions have been made, for example with inclination factors and shape factors. Also many laboratory experiments have been done and numerical calculations have been made. Some even try to extrapolate the failure mechanism for shallow foundations to the failure mechanism around the tip of a pile. All this scientific work leads back to the first publication by Ludwig Prandtl in 1920. This book, “100 Years of Prandtl’s Wedge”, is intended for all those who are interested in these fundamentals of foundation engineering and their history. The Appendices include a copy of Prandtl’s Über die Härte plastischer Körper and of Reissner’s publication of 1924, Zum Erddruckproblem.

Soil mechanics. --- Soil engineering --- Soils --- Soils (Engineering) --- Geotechnical engineering --- Mechanics --- Foundations --- Soil physics --- shape factors --- bearing capacity --- civil --- Ludwig Prandtl --- foundation --- engineering --- structure --- inclination factors

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This book discusses techniques for predicting, preventing and controlling the hydrogeological instability of slopes consisting of cohesive soils. The proposed methodology is practical and innovative, and assumes a dynamic valence in defining the deformation process of underground failure as well as its activation through the assumption of a four-dimensional space-time continuum. This latter aspect is crucial for predicting a landslide in time to control it. At present, predicting, preventing and controlling hydrogeological instability in cohesive soils relies on mathematical modelling using specific software, the predictive reliability of which is rather deficient. Such modelling is based upon deterministic processes, which are entirely unsuitable for dealing with the complexity of vital processes occurring during the genesis of a landslide. In this work, the three-dimensional vision of a landslide as a set of distinct and independent phenomena is abandoned and the prediction and prevention of hydrogeological instability is pursued through the alternative of an indivisible totality of natural phenomena that includes the time factor. The book is of interest to graduates and researchers of applied geology, geotechnical, environmental and civil engineering, as well as professionals in the fields of hydrogeology and natural hazards.

Soil mechanics. --- Landslides. --- Landslide hazard analysis. --- Earth sciences. --- Hydrogeology. --- Natural disasters. --- Geotechnical engineering. --- Engineering geology. --- Engineering --- Foundations. --- Hydraulics. --- Environmental monitoring. --- Earth Sciences. --- Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences. --- Geoengineering, Foundations, Hydraulics. --- Natural Hazards. --- Monitoring/Environmental Analysis. --- Geology. --- Hazard analysis, Landslide --- Landslide hazard assessment --- Landslides --- Soil mechanics --- Land slides --- Landsliding --- Landslips --- Slides (Landslides) --- Mass-wasting --- Soil engineering --- Soils --- Soils (Engineering) --- Geotechnical engineering --- Mechanics --- Foundations --- Soil physics --- Hazard assessment --- Hydraulic engineering. --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Engineering, Hydraulic --- Fluid mechanics --- Hydraulics --- Shore protection --- Engineering—Geology. --- Biomonitoring (Ecology) --- Ecological monitoring --- Environmental quality --- Monitoring, Environmental --- Applied ecology --- Environmental engineering --- Pollution --- Natural calamities --- Disasters --- Geohydrology --- Geology --- Hydrology --- Groundwater --- Flow of water --- Water --- Hydraulic engineering --- Jets --- Architecture --- Building --- Structural engineering --- Underground construction --- Caissons --- Earthwork --- Masonry --- Soil consolidation --- Walls --- Civil engineering --- Geology, Economic --- Engineering, Geotechnical --- Geotechnics --- Geotechnology --- Engineering geology --- Measurement --- Monitoring --- Flow --- Distribution --- Details