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"Palladium-Catalyzed Modification of Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Oligonucleotides describes the procedures and protocols related to the modification of nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides via Pd-mediated cross-coupling processes. The book highlights the growing area of nucleic acid modification and how Pd-mediated coupling reactions can assist this development. Users will find key synthetic protocols for these reactions in this latest volume in the Latest Trends in Palladium Chemistry series. As most of the research in the field of antiviral agents has centered on the use of modified nucleosides that have exhibited promising activity, this book provides an up-to-date reference for both professionals in industry and other interested parties" -- elsevier.com.

Palladium catalysts. --- Nucleosides. --- Nucleotides. --- Phosphonucleosides --- Nucleic acids --- Nucleotides --- Catalysts

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In this book, the molecular recognition of DNA using small molecules is discussed, with a study of the photochemistry of BrU-labeled DNA. The purposes of the study were to develop small molecules for regenerative medicine, to develop a method to detect the recognition site of small molecules, and to detect the most important biological phenomena using the photochemistry of BrU-labeled DNA. The study began with the design and development of small molecules that can induce pluripotency genes. To deal with the important issue of cell permeability of the original compound, a new analogue of the original with improved gene expression was designed and synthesized. Using the photochemistry of BrU-labeled DNA, crucial biological phenomena such as cooperativity between transcription factors were detected. For the first time, the cooperativity was examined by excess electron transfer assay. DNA was also studied very carefully in order to understand the mechanism of the double-strand break in the UVA micro-irradiation technique. The mechanism of the double strand remained untouched. Nevertheless, the double-strand break mechanism was clearly demonstrated by Hoechst dye, as shown in this book. .

DNA. --- Molecular recognition. --- Chemistry. --- Bioorganic chemistry. --- Nucleic acids. --- Regenerative medicine. --- Tissue engineering. --- Bioorganic Chemistry. --- Nucleic Acid Chemistry. --- Regenerative Medicine/Tissue Engineering. --- Biomolecular recognition --- Recognition, Molecular --- Ligand binding (Biochemistry) --- Molecular biology --- Deoxyribonucleic acid --- Desoxyribonucleic acid --- Thymonucleic acid --- TNA (Nucleic acid) --- Deoxyribose --- Nucleic acids --- Genes --- Polynucleotides --- Biomolecules --- Bio-organic chemistry --- Biological organic chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Chemistry, Organic --- Biomedical engineering --- Regenerative medicine --- Tissue culture --- Medicine --- Regeneration (Biology)

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Polymorphism or variation in DNA sequence can affect individual phenotypes such as color of skin or eyes, susceptibility to diseases, and response to drugs, vaccines, chemicals, and pathogens. Especially, the interfaces between genetics, disease susceptibility, and pharmacogenomics have recently been the subject of intense research activity. This book is a self-contained collection of valuable scholarly papers related to genetic diversity and disease susceptibility, pharmacogenomics, ongoing advances in technology, and analytic methods in this field. The book contains nine chapters that cover the three main topics of genetic polymorphism, genetic diversity, and disease susceptibility and pharmacogenomics. Hence, this book is particularly useful to academics, scientists, physicians, pharmacists, practicing researchers, and postgraduate students whose work relates to genetic polymorphisms.

Disease susceptibility --- Nucleotide sequence. --- Genetics. --- Genetic aspects. --- Biology --- Embryology --- Mendel's law --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Breeding --- Chromosomes --- Heredity --- Mutation (Biology) --- Variation (Biology) --- Analysis, Nucleic acid sequence --- Analysis, Nucleotide sequence --- Base sequence (Nucleic acids) --- DNA sequence --- Nucleic acid sequence analysis --- Nucleotide sequence analysis --- RNA sequence --- Sequence, Nucleotide --- Nucleic acids --- Nucleotides --- Sequence alignment (Bioinformatics) --- Medical genetics --- Analysis --- Life Sciences --- Human Genetics --- Genetics and Molecular Biology --- Biochemistry

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This book highlights the development of a functional nucleic acid based biosensor detection method in the context of food safety. Although there have been major advances in food processing technology in both developed and developing countries, food safety assurance systems are generally becoming more stringent, in response to growing (both real and perceived) food safety problems. These problems are due in part to foodborne microorganisms, heavy metals, and small chemical molecules (biological toxins, pesticide residues, and veterinary drug residues), etc. In addition, the nucleic acid biomarkers (DNA methylation, microRNA, and circRNA) induced by these risk factors are also closely related to food safety. Accordingly, this book offers a brief guide to targets and strategies in functional nucleic acid based biosensors for food safety detection. Divided into several chapters that focus on various respective targets, it will be a valuable resource for students and researchers in the fields of biosensor detection, food science etc.

Nucleic acids. --- Biosensors. --- Food --- Biotechnology. --- Biomedical engineering. --- Food science. --- Nucleic Acid Chemistry. --- Biomedical Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Food Science. --- Science --- Clinical engineering --- Medical engineering --- Bioengineering --- Biophysics --- Engineering --- Medicine --- Polynucleotides --- Biomolecules --- Food—Biotechnology.

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This thesis reports on the development of a fully integrated and automated microsystem consisting of low-cost, disposable plastic chips for DNA extraction and PCR amplification, combined with a reusable glass capillary array electrophoresis chip, which can be employed in a modular-based format for genetic analysis. In the thesis, DNA extraction is performed by adopting a filter paper-based method, followed by an “in-situ” PCR carried out directly in the same reaction chamber of the chip without elution. PCR products are then co-injected with sizing standards into separation channels for detection using a novel injection electrode. The entire process is automatically carried out by a custom-made compact control and detection instrument. The author thoroughly tests the system’s performance and reliability by conducting rapid genetic screening of mutations on congenital hearing loss and pharmacogenetic typing of multiple warfarin-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms. The successful development and operation of this microsystem establishes the feasibility of rapid “sample-in-answer-out” testing in routine clinical practice.

Engineering. --- Genetic engineering. --- Nucleic acids. --- Biomedical engineering. --- Biomedical Engineering. --- Genetic Engineering. --- Nucleic Acid Chemistry. --- DNA --- Microfluidics. --- Analysis. --- Fluidics --- Nanofluids --- Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering. --- Polynucleotides --- Biomolecules --- Designed genetic change --- Engineering, Genetic --- Gene splicing --- Genetic intervention --- Genetic surgery --- Genetic recombination --- Biotechnology --- Transgenic organisms --- Clinical engineering --- Medical engineering --- Bioengineering --- Biophysics --- Engineering --- Medicine