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Les difficultés sensorielles des personnes autistes sont nombreuses et l'alimentation n'échappe pas à la règle. Devant des enfants qui ne mangent que du " rouge ", ne supportent que le mixé ou refusent tout légume, les parents trouvent des solutions innovantes pour colorer, dissimuler… Et les enfants autistes, devenus adultes, inventent à leur tour. C'est en rencontrant le gourmet Claude Carat que Josef Schovanec a eu l'idée de ce livre collaboratif. Les recettes sont pour certaines très simples, d'autres sont plus innovantes… toutes ont pour point commun de raconter une histoire, celle des enfants ou des adultes autistes qui se cachent derrière elles.

Autistic Disorder --- Diet, Food, and Nutrition

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Diabetes is a global pandemic where many remedies have been recommended as means of combating the prevalence of this disease. However, dietary control appears to be more effective than others. This book focuses on interventions concerning glycemic control, the oxidative stress-based occurrence of the disease and its prevention, as well as novel remedies. While many books have been published recently on this aspect, the book aims to serve as an update to the scientific community, as well as to those who have been adversely affected by the disease. There are many unexplored territories when it comes to diabetes, and it is hoped that this publication will open up new avenues of successfully curbing its occurrence.

Diabetes --- Diet therapy. --- Life Sciences --- Agricultural and Biological Sciences --- Bromatology --- Food and Nutrition

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Senegal is among the few countries in Sub-Saharan Africa that have succeeded in improving their population's nutritional status in recent decades. The prevalence of key nutrition indicators, such as the proportion of children stunted, wasted, and underweight, is lower than that in most other countries in the region, and even among the poorest segments of the population. Progress against malnutrition achieved over time notwithstanding, reversals in global funding for nutrition in Senegal neglect the still-too-high prevalence of child stunting, wasting, and micronutrient deficiencies, as well as the persistent prevalence of under- and overweight and anemia among women. Nutrition in early childhood has been deemed by the global community to be a key determinant of both labor productivity and economic growth. For Senegal, which has arguably entered its nutrition transition and which is embarking on a new, multi-sectoral approach to tackle the double and triple burdens of malnutrition, there is no better time to ramp up nutrition investment. This investment case outlines future directions in nutrition for Senegal on the basis of the plan strategique multisectoriel de la nutrition (PSMN) and synthesizes a series of eight reports prepared for the purpose of understanding the country's progress to date, while highlighting remaining gaps in funding and implementation for nutrition. The first section presents the developmental and economic rationales for investing in nutrition, including a review of Senegal's unique political climate, which lends itself to the development of new, unconventional policies. The second section draws from a situation analysis, a political economy study, and an institutional performance assessment to describe ongoing barriers to good nutrition in Senegal, while the third section presents solutions on how to overcome them, in alignment with the PSMN. The fourth section presents the financial requirements for these activities, which are based on a calculation of sector-specific financial needs costed during the development of the PSMN, secured funding identified in the financing analysis study, and the costs of scaling up to 90 percent coverage as calculated in the economic analysis report.

Early Child And Children's Health --- Food And Nutrition Policy --- Health Economics And Finance --- Health Finance --- Health, Nutrition And Population --- Nutrition --- Stunting

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In Senegal, government commitment to nutrition has increased progressively in recent decades. Thecreation in 2001 of the Cellule de Lutte Contre la Malnutrition (the Nutrition Coordination Unit) (CLM) and its Bureau Executif National (the National Executive Bureau) (BEN) marked a major turning point, as did an increase in annual budget allocations to nutrition (from USD 0.3 million in 2002 to USD 5.7 million in 2015) and concomitant intensification of community-based nutrition interventions. This commitment is reflected in the improvement of nutrition indicators. With a 46 percent reduction in under-five stunting, from 34.4 percent in 1992 to 19.4 percent in 2014, Senegal has witnessed one of the biggest rates of improvement in the fight against undernutrition in the world and currently has one of the lowest rates of stunting in Sub-Saharan Africa (Spray 2018). However, these developments have not led to greater visibility of pronutrition interventions in relevant sectors such as agriculture, livestock, health, education, social protection, and hydraulics. Moreover, some nutrition-specific problems with major consequences-low birthweight, iron-deficiency anemia, adolescent nutrition, and maternal undernutrition-still receive little attention. These shortcomings threaten the gains achieved in recent decades. Recognizing the challenge, the government of Senegal joined the SUN Movement in 2011 and adopted the United Nations REACH approach in 2014. Both initiatives aim to strengthen institutional capacity and facilitate a multisectoral process to help governmentsplan, prioritize and more efficiently manage nutrition actions involving multiple stakeholders. With respect to national policy, the Document de Politique National de Developpement de la Nutrition (National Policy for the Development of Nutrition) (PNDN) has been adopted for the period 2015 to 2025. The PNDN will be operationalized through a multisectoral nutrition strategy, the Plan Strategique Multisectoriel de la Nutrition (Multisectoral Nutrition Strategic Plan) (PSMN). The PSMN is designed as a sectoral reform program to broaden coverage and improve the quality of nutrition services.Against this background, this institutional and organizational capacity assessment (IOCA) analyzes the performance of Senegal's nutrition sector and makes 8 Analysis and Perspective: 15 Years of Experience in the Development of Nutrition Policy in Senegal recommendations for strengthening implementation of the PNDN and forthcoming PSMN.

Early Child and Children's Health --- Food and Nutrition Policy --- Health Economics and Finance --- Health Systems Development and Reform --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Nutrition --- Reproductive Health

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This paper examines the costs, impacts, and cost-effectiveness of scaling up over five years the nutrition interventions included in Afghanistan's Basic Package of Health Services (BPHS) as a first step in investing in the early years to build human capital. The total public investment required for the scale up to government-set program coverage levels is estimated to be 44 million US dollars per year over five years, or 1.49 US dollars per capita per year. Each dollar invested would yield at least 13 US dollars in economic returns and even under conservative assumptions regarding future economic growth, the economic benefits exceed the cost by six times which is 815 million US dollars over the productive lives of the beneficiaries. This scale up would prevent almost 25,000 child deaths and over 4,000 cases of stunting and avert a loss of 640,000 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and almost 90,000 cases years of anemia. Almost 100,000 more children would be exclusively breastfed. However, this scale-up would only have a marginal effect, a decrease of less than one-half percentage point on stunting prevalence because the current government-set target program coverage rates are very low for the preventive interventions that affect stunting. A substantially greater impact could be achieved if preventive interventions could be scaled to full program coverage levels, which would require less than 5 million US dollars more a year. This would triple the number of DALYs averted, double the number of deaths averted and avert almost eight times as many cases of stunting, resulting in a 2.6 percentage point decline in stunting over the five year period (from 41 percent to 38 percent). The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women could be reduced by 12 percentage points and the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding could be increased by 18 percentage points. In addition, this investment is projected to generate economic benefits of 815 million US dollars over the productive lives of the beneficiaries. Each dollar invested would yield more than 13 US dollars in economic returns. Sensitivity analysis was conducted for the total cost, cost-effectiveness, and economic returns on investing in the BPHS nutrition interventions.

Cost-Benefit Analysis --- Cost-Effectiveness --- Early Child And Children's Health --- Food And Nutrition Policy --- Health, Nutrition And Population --- Nutrition --- Reproductive Health