Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

How electric light created new spaces that transformed the built environment and the perception of modern architecture.In this book, Sandy Isenstadt examines electric light as a form of architecture—as a new, uniquely modern kind of building material. Electric light was more than just a novel way of brightening a room or illuminating a streetscape; it brought with it new ways of perceiving and experiencing space itself. If modernity can be characterized by rapid, incessant change, and modernism as the creative response to such change, Isenstadt argues, then electricity—instantaneous, malleable, ubiquitous, evanescent—is modernity's medium. Isenstadt shows how the introduction of electric lighting at the end of the nineteenth century created new architectural spaces that altered and sometimes eclipsed previously existing spaces. He constructs an architectural history of these new spaces through five examples, ranging from the tangible miracle of the light switch to the immaterial and borderless gloom of the wartime blackout. He describes what it means when an ordinary person can play God by flipping a switch; when the roving cone of automobile headlights places driver and passenger at the vertex of a luminous cavity; when lighting in factories is seen to enhance productivity; when Times Square became an emblem of illuminated commercial speech; and when the absence of electric light in a blackout produced a new type of space. In this book, the first sustained examination of the spatial effects of electric lighting, Isenstadt reconceives modernism in architecture to account for the new perceptual conditions and visual habits that followed widespread electrification.

Electric lighting --- Municipal lighting --- Street lighting --- Lighting, Architectural and decorative --- Eclairage électrique --- Eclairage public --- Rues --- Eclairage architectural --- Eclairage décoratif --- Psychological aspects. --- Social aspects. --- History. --- Aspect psychologique --- Aspect social --- Histoire --- Eclairage --- Hiistoire --- Architecture --- electric lighting

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

In the past four years we have witnessed rapid development in technology and significant market penetration in many applications for LED systems. New processes and new materials have been introduced; new standards and new testing methods have been developed; new driver, control and sensing technologies have been integrated; and new and unknown failure modes have also been presented. In this book, Solid State Lighting Reliability Part 2, we invited the experts from industry and academia to present the latest developments and findings in the LED system reliability arena. Topics in this book cover the early failures and critical steps in LED manufacturing; advances in reliability testing and standards; quality of colour and colour stability; degradation of optical materials and the associated chromaticity maintenance; characterization of thermal interfaces; LED solder joint testing and prediction; common failure modes in LED drivers; root causes for lumen depreciation; corrosion sensitivity of LED packages; reliability management for automotive LEDs, and lightning effects on LEDs. This book is a continuation of Solid State Lighting Reliability: Components to Systems (published in 2013), which covers reliability aspects ranging from the LED to the total luminaire or system of luminaires. Together, these two books are a full set of reference books for Solid State Lighting reliability from the performance of the (sub-) components to the total system, regardless its complexity. .

Engineering. --- Electronics. --- Microelectronics. --- Electronic circuits. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Electric lighting. --- Light emitting diodes --- Solid state electronics. --- Reliability. --- Electronics --- Semiconductors --- Solid state physics --- LEDs (Light emitting diodes) --- Diodes, Semiconductor --- Electroluminescent devices --- LED lamps --- Light-emitting electrochemical cells --- Electric light --- Light, Electric --- Light sources --- Lighting --- Electric lamps --- Neon lamps --- Systems engineering. --- Engineering systems --- System engineering --- Engineering --- Industrial engineering --- System analysis --- Optics --- Materials --- Electrical engineering --- Physical sciences --- Design and construction --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes --- Electronic materials --- Microminiature electronic equipment --- Microminiaturization (Electronics) --- Microtechnology --- Miniature electronic equipment