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Most ancient history focuses on the urban elite. Papyrology explores the daily lives of the more typical men and women in antiquity. Aphrodito, a village in sixth-century AD Egypt, is antiquity's best source for micro-level social history. The archive of Dioskoros of Aphrodito introduces thousands of people living the normal business of their lives: loans, rent contracts, work agreements, marriage, divorce. In exceptional cases, the papyri show raw conflict: theft, plunder, murder. Throughout, Dioskoros struggles to keep his family in power in Aphrodito, and to keep Aphrodito independent from the local tax collectors. The emerging picture is a different vision of Roman late antiquity than what we see from the view of the urban elites. It is a world of free peasants building networks of trust largely beyond the reach of the state. Aphrodito's eighth-century AD papyri show that this world dies in the early years of Islamic rule.

Aphrodito (Extinct city) --- Egypt --- History. --- History --- Aphroditopolis (Ancient city) --- Aphroditopolis (Sūhāj, Egypt : Extinct city) --- Antiquities --- E-books --- 30 B.C.-1250 A.D. --- Egypt. --- Atfih. --- Country life --- Rural conditions.

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Africa is a fast-changing continent and an area of rising global relevance, where major transformation processes are currently underway, from demographic expansion to economic development, from social progress to environmental challenges, from technological innovation to continental integration, from political change to migratory pressures. How will these complex transformations shape the Africa of tomorrow? This Report sets out a vision for Africa's future based on five key traits: an archipelago of heterogeneous growth trajectories; the revolutionary impact of technological leapfrogging; regional integration and the growing role of sub-regional processes; the clustering of instability mainly around the core of the region; and the migration movements that originate from - but also predominantly remain within - the African continent.

Political structure & processes

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Taxidermy, once the province of natural history and dedicated to the pursuit of lifelike realism, has recently resurfaced in the world of contemporary art, culture, and interior design. In Speculative Taxidermy, Giovanni Aloi offers a comprehensive mapping of the discourses and practices that have enabled the emergence of taxidermy in contemporary art. Drawing on the speculative turn in philosophy and recovering past alternative histories of art and materiality from a biopolitical perspective, Aloi theorizes speculative taxidermy: a powerful interface that unlocks new ethical and political opportunities in human-animal relationships and speaks to how animal representation conveys the urgency of addressing climate change, capitalist exploitation, and mass extinction.A resolutely nonanthropocentric take on the materiality of one of the most controversial mediums in art, this approach relentlessly questions past and present ideas of human separation from the animal kingdom. It situates taxidermy as a powerful interface between humans and animals, rooted in a shared ontological and physical vulnerability. Carefully considering a select number of key examples including the work of Nandipha Mntambo, Maria Papadimitriou, Mark Dion, Berlinde De Bruyckere, Roni Horn, Oleg Kulik, Steve Bishop, Snæbjörnsdóttir/Wilson, and Cole Swanson, Speculative Taxidermy contextualizes the resilient presence of animal skin in the gallery space as a productive opportunity to rethink ethical and political stances in human-animal relationships.

Oberfläche. --- Tiere (Motiv). --- Stopfpräparat. --- Kunst. --- Dead animals in art. --- Human-animal relationships in art. --- Art, Modern --- Taxidermy --- Themes, motives --- Social aspects. --- Zoological specimens --- Modern art --- Nieuwe Ploeg (Group of artists) --- Themes, motives. --- Collection and preservation --- Faune --- Animal (thème) --- Anthropologie --- De Bruyckere, Berlinde --- Swanson, Cole --- Dion, Mark --- Duchamp, Marcel --- Picasso, Pablo --- Muybridge, Eadweard --- Cézanne, Paul --- Horn, Roni, --- Magritte, René --- Kulik, Oleg --- Horn, Roni, 1955 --- -Magritte, René --- Dead animals in art --- Human-animal relationships in art --- 7.042 --- Taxidermie ; dierenhuid ; pels --- Mntambo, Nandipha --- Papadimitriou, Maria --- De Bruyckere, Berlinde °1964 (°Gent, België) --- Horn, Roni °1955 (°New York, Verenigde Staten) --- Bishop, Steve --- Snæbjörnsdóttir/Wilson (Bryndís Snæbjörnsdóttir & Mark Wilson) --- Social aspects --- Iconografie ; dieren, fauna --- 2000-2099

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Molecular Machines presents a dynamic new approach to the physics of enzymes and DNA from the perspective of materials science. Unified around the concept of molecular deformability-how proteins and DNA stretch, fold, and change shape-this book describes the complex molecules of life from the innovative perspective of materials properties and dynamics, in contrast to structural or purely chemical approaches. It covers a wealth of topics, including nonlinear deformability of enzymes and DNA; the chemo-dynamic cycle of enzymes; supra-molecular constructions with internal stress; nano-rheology and viscoelasticity; and chemical kinetics, Brownian motion, and barrier crossing. Essential reading for researchers in materials science, engineering, and nanotechnology, the book also describes the landmark experiments that have established the materials properties and energy landscape of large biological molecules.Molecular Machines is also ideal for the classroom. It gives graduate students a working knowledge of model building in statistical mechanics, making it an essential resource for tomorrow's experimentalists in this cutting-edge field. In addition, mathematical methods are introduced in the bio-molecular context-for example, DNA conformational transitions are used to illustrate the transfer matrix formalism. The result is a generalized approach to mathematical problem solving that enables students to apply their findings more broadly.Molecular Machines represents the next leap forward in nanoscience, as researchers strive to harness proteins, enzymes, and DNA as veritable machines in medicine, technology, and beyond.

Molecular biology. --- Biomolecules. --- Microbiology. --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Biological molecules --- Molecules --- Molecular biology --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Brownian motion. --- DNA deformation. --- DNA melting. --- DNA molecules. --- DNA. --- allosteric control. --- atoms. --- base pairing. --- base stacking. --- cells. --- chemical kinetics. --- deformations. --- diffusion. --- enzyme deformability dynamics. --- enzyme operation. --- enzymes. --- equilibrium. --- folded protein. --- gene expression. --- kinematics. --- mathematical methods. --- molecular deformability. --- molecular machine. --- molecular machines. --- nano-rheology. --- nearest neighbor model. --- nonequilibrium state. --- nonequilibrium thermodynamics. --- nonlinear deformability. --- statistical mechanics. --- steady state. --- thermal fluctuation. --- viscoelasticity. --- zipper model.

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Droit romain --- Interprétation --- Sources --- Roman law --- Paulus, Julius --- Paulus, Julius, - active approximately 200