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What happened to slavery in Europe in the centuries following the fall of the Roman Empire? This work spans the whole of early medieval Western Europe and addresses issues of slave-taking and slave-trading; people who became slaves as a result of a debt or a crime; even people who chose to become slaves.

Sklaverei. --- Geschichte 500-1100. --- Westeuropa. --- Slavery --- Serfdom --- History --- Esclavage --- Servage --- Histoire --- Slavery - Europe, Western - History - To 1500 --- Serfdom - Europe, Western - History - To 1500 --- History. --- To 1500 --- Europe, Western. --- Servitude --- Forced labor --- Land tenure --- Villeinage --- Law and legislation --- Europe, Western --- West Europe

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L'ouvrage présente les relations ayant existé entre Maîtres du sol et producteurs sur la longue période qui s'étend de la période carolingienne aux grandes révoltes paysannes des XIVe et XVe siècles. Après une période d'augmentation de la richesse, à partir du XIIIe siècle les tensions s'accroissent. Les seigneurs connaissent une importante baisse de leurs revenus, ce qui constitue l'un des éléments essentiels de la crise des XIVe et XVe siècles. Cela a pour conséquence, dans de nombreuses régions, d'entraîner un phénomène de dépossession des paysanneries dont l'accès à la propriété du sol devient de plus en plus difficile. Cet ouvrage examine les statuts des hommes, l'organisation du travail, les hiérarchies sociales réellement efficaces, présente l'histoire de cet enrichissement général du monde occidental ainsi que celle de la crise qui clôt le Moyen Age occidental.

Serfdom --- Villeinage --- Peasants --- Agricultural laborers --- Feudalism --- Forced labor --- Land use, Rural --- Servage --- --Villeinage --- --Paysan --- --Ouvrier agricole --- --Féodalisme --- --Travail forcé --- --Utilisation des terres --- --Féodalité --- Paysannerie --- Seigneurs --- Conditions rurales --- Économie rurale --- Moyen âge --- 8e siècle-15e siècle --- Féodalité --- Civilization, Medieval --- History --- Serfdom - Europe --- Villeinage - Europe --- Peasants - Europe --- Agricultural laborers - Europe --- Feudalism - Europe --- Forced labor - Europe --- Land use, Rural - Europe --- Paysan --- Ouvrier agricole --- Féodalisme --- Travail forcé --- Utilisation des terres

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"Prague is a vibrant and growing city facing significant land-use pressures related to rapid peri-urban growth. This report examines land use and governance trends in Prague and the broader metropolitan area, including the formal elements of the planning system and broader governance arrangements such as rural-urban partnerships. It provides a number of recommendations to ensure the sustainable development of regional transportation and infrastructure, affordable housing and quality public amenities."--Back cover.

Land tenure. --- Housing --- Affordable housing --- Homes --- Houses --- Housing needs --- Residences --- Slum clearance --- Urban housing --- City planning --- Dwellings --- Human settlements --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Land use, Rural --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Social aspects

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The relationship between customary land tenure and ‘modern’ forms of landed property has been a major political issue in the ‘Spearhead’ states of Melanesia since the late colonial period, and is even more pressing today, as the region is subject to its own version of what is described in the international literature as a new ‘land rush’ or ‘land grab’ in developing countries. This volume aims to test the application of one particular theoretical framework to the Melanesian version of this phenomenon, which is the framework put forward by Derek Hall, Philip Hirsch and Tania Murray Li in their 2011 book, Powers of Exclusion: Land Dilemmas in Southeast Asia. Since that framework emerged from studies of the agrarian transition in Southeast Asia, the key question addressed in this volume is whether ‘land transformations’ in Melanesia are proceeding in a similar direction, or whether they take a somewhat different form because of the particular nature of Melanesian political economies or social institutions. The contributors to this volume all deal with this question from the point of view of their own direct engagement with different aspects of the land policy process in particular countries. Aside from discussion of the agrarian transition in Melanesia, particular attention is also paid to the growing problem of land access in urban areas and the gendered nature of landed property relations in this region.

E-books --- Land tenure --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Land use, Rural --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Melanesia --- Religious life and customs. --- Social life and customs. --- Oceania --- land policy --- land tenure --- melanesia --- Customary land --- Elaeis --- Honiara --- Papua New Guinea --- Vanuatu

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'In Energy without Conscience' David McDermott Hughes investigates why climate change has yet to be seen as a moral issue. He examines the forces that render the use of fossil fuels ordinary and therefore exempt from ethical evaluation. Hughes centers his analysis on Trinidad and Tobago, which is the world's oldest petro-state, having drilled the first continuously producing oil well in 1866. Marrying historical research with interviews with Trinidadian petroleum scientists, policymakers, technicians, and managers, he draws parallels between Trinidad's eighteenth- and nineteenth-century slave labor energy economy and its contemporary oil industry. Hughes shows how both forms of energy rely upon a complicity that absolves producers and consumers from acknowledging the immoral nature of each. He passionately argues that like slavery, producing oil is a moral choice and that oil is at its most dangerous when it is accepted as an ordinary part of everyday life.

E-books --- Energy industries --- Slavery --- Petroleum industry and trade --- Environmental aspects. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- History. --- Colonies --- Oil industries --- Abolition of slavery --- Antislavery --- Enslavement --- Mui tsai --- Ownership of slaves --- Servitude --- Slave keeping --- Slave system --- Slaveholding --- Thralldom --- Crimes against humanity --- Serfdom --- Slaveholders --- Slaves --- Industries --- Power resources --- History --- Climate change (general concept) --- Hydrocarbon --- Petroleum --- Port of Spain --- Trinidad --- Trinidad and Tobago --- Enslaved persons