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Quantum information theory is a branch of science at the frontier of physics, mathematics, and information science, and offers a variety of solutions that are impossible using classical theory. This book provides a detailed introduction to the key concepts used in processing quantum information and reveals that quantum mechanics is a generalisation of classical probability theory. The second edition contains new sections and entirely new chapters: the hot topic of multipartite entanglement; in-depth discussion of the discrete structures in finite dimensional Hilbert space, including unitary operator bases, mutually unbiased bases, symmetric informationally complete generalized measurements, discrete Wigner function, and unitary designs; the Gleason and Kochen-Specker theorems; the proof of the Lieb conjecture; the measure concentration phenomenon; and the Hastings' non-additivity theorem. This richly-illustrated book will be useful to a broad audience of graduates and researchers interested in quantum information theory. Exercises follow each chapter, with hints and answers supplied.
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Quantum theory. --- Quantum entanglement. --- Théorie quantique. --- Intrication quantique.
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Historically speaking, theology can be said to operate “materiaphobically.” Protestant Christianity in particular has bestowed upon theology a privilege of the soul over the body and belief over practice, in line with the distinction between a disembodied God and the inanimate world “He” created. Like all other human, social, and natural sciences, religious studies imported these theological dualisms into a purportedly secular modernity, mapping them furthermore onto the distinction between a rational, “enlightened” Europe on the one hand and a variously emotional, “primitive,” and “animist” non-Europe on the other. The “new materialisms” currently coursing through cultural, feminist, political, and queer theories seek to displace human privilege by attending to the agency of matter itself. Far from being passive or inert, they show us that matter acts, creates, destroys, and transforms—and, as such, is more of a process than a thing. Entangled Worlds examines the intersections of religion and new and old materialisms. Calling upon an interdisciplinary throng of scholars in science studies, religious studies, and theology, it assembles a multiplicity of experimental perspectives on materiality: What is matter, how does it materialize, and what sorts of worlds are enacted in its varied entanglements with divinity? While both theology and religious studies have over the past few decades come to prioritize the material contexts and bodily ecologies of more-than-human life, Entangled Worlds sets forth the first multivocal conversation between religious studies, theology, and the body of “the new materialism.” Here disciplines and traditions touch, transgress, and contaminate one another across their several carefully specified contexts. And in the responsiveness of this mutual touching of science, religion, philosophy, and theology, the growing complexity of our entanglements takes on a consistent ethical texture of urgency.
Religion and science. --- Materialism --- Materialism. --- Religious aspects. --- Christian Materialism. --- Jane Bennett. --- Karen Barad. --- New Materialism. --- Theology. --- panentheism. --- pantheism. --- political ecology. --- political theory. --- quantum entanglement. --- religion and science. --- religious studies.
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This book provides a comprehensive overview of developments in the field of holographic entanglement entropy. Within the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence, it is shown how quantum entanglement is computed by the area of certain extremal surfaces. The general lessons one can learn from this connection are drawn out for quantum field theories, many-body physics, and quantum gravity. An overview of the necessary background material is provided together with a flavor of the exciting open questions that are currently being discussed. The book is divided into four main parts. In the first part, the concept of entanglement, and methods for computing it, in quantum field theories is reviewed. In the second part, an overview of the AdS/CFT correspondence is given and the holographic entanglement entropy prescription is explained. In the third part, the time-dependence of entanglement entropy in out-of-equilibrium systems, and applications to many body physics are explored using holographic methods. The last part focuses on the connection between entanglement and geometry. Known constraints on the holographic map, as well as, elaboration of entanglement being a fundamental building block of geometry are explained. The book is a useful resource for researchers and graduate students interested in string theory and holography, condensed matter and quantum information, as it tries to connect these different subjects linked by the common theme of quantum entanglement.
Physics. --- Mathematical physics. --- Quantum field theory. --- String theory. --- Condensed matter. --- Quantum computers. --- Spintronics. --- Quantum Field Theories, String Theory. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- Quantum Information Technology, Spintronics. --- Mathematical Physics. --- Magnetoelectronics --- Spin electronics --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Models, String --- String theory --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Physical mathematics --- Physics --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Mathematics --- Quantum entanglement. --- Entangled states (Quantum theory) --- Quantum theory --- Fluxtronics --- Spinelectronics --- Microelectronics --- Nanotechnology --- Computers --- Liquids --- Matter --- Solids --- Nuclear reactions --- Field theory (Physics) --- Relativity (Physics)
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Dive into a mind-bending exploration of the physics of black holesBlack holes, predicted by Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity more than a century ago, have long intrigued scientists and the public with their bizarre and fantastical properties. Although Einstein understood that black holes were mathematical solutions to his equations, he never accepted their physical reality-a viewpoint many shared. This all changed in the 1960s and 1970s, when a deeper conceptual understanding of black holes developed just as new observations revealed the existence of quasars and X-ray binary star systems, whose mysterious properties could be explained by the presence of black holes. Black holes have since been the subject of intense research-and the physics governing how they behave and affect their surroundings is stranger and more mind-bending than any fiction.After introducing the basics of the special and general theories of relativity, this book describes black holes both as astrophysical objects and theoretical "laboratories" in which physicists can test their understanding of gravitational, quantum, and thermal physics. From Schwarzschild black holes to rotating and colliding black holes, and from gravitational radiation to Hawking radiation and information loss, Steven Gubser and Frans Pretorius use creative thought experiments and analogies to explain their subject accessibly. They also describe the decades-long quest to observe the universe in gravitational waves, which recently resulted in the LIGO observatories' detection of the distinctive gravitational wave "chirp" of two colliding black holes-the first direct observation of black holes' existence.The Little Book of Black Holes takes readers deep into the mysterious heart of the subject, offering rare clarity of insight into the physics that makes black holes simple yet destructive manifestations of geometric destiny.
Black holes (Astronomy) --- Frozen stars --- Compact objects (Astronomy) --- Gravitational collapse --- Stars --- A-frame. --- Acceleration. --- Accretion disk. --- Alice and Bob. --- Angular momentum. --- Astronomer. --- Atomic nucleus. --- Binary black hole. --- Binary star. --- Black hole information paradox. --- Black hole thermodynamics. --- Black hole. --- Calculation. --- Circular orbit. --- Classical mechanics. --- Closed timelike curve. --- Cosmological constant. --- Curvature. --- Cygnus X-1. --- Degenerate matter. --- Differential equation. --- Differential geometry. --- Doppler effect. --- Earth. --- Einstein field equations. --- Electric charge. --- Electric field. --- Electromagnetism. --- Ergosphere. --- Escape velocity. --- Event horizon. --- Excitation (magnetic). --- Frame-dragging. --- Galactic Center. --- General relativity. --- Gravitational acceleration. --- Gravitational collapse. --- Gravitational constant. --- Gravitational energy. --- Gravitational field. --- Gravitational redshift. --- Gravitational wave. --- Gravitational-wave observatory. --- Gravity. --- Hawking radiation. --- Inner core. --- Kerr metric. --- Kinetic energy. --- LIGO. --- Length contraction. --- Lorentz transformation. --- Magnetic field. --- Mass–energy equivalence. --- Maxwell's equations. --- Metric expansion of space. --- Metric tensor. --- Milky Way. --- Minkowski space. --- Negative energy. --- Neutrino. --- Neutron star. --- Neutron. --- Newton's law of universal gravitation. --- No-hair theorem. --- Nuclear fusion. --- Nuclear reaction. --- Orbit. --- Orbital mechanics. --- Orbital period. --- Penrose process. --- Photon. --- Physicist. --- Primordial black hole. --- Projectile. --- Quantum entanglement. --- Quantum gravity. --- Quantum mechanics. --- Quantum state. --- Quasar. --- Ray (optics). --- Rotational energy. --- Roy Kerr. --- Schwarzschild metric. --- Schwarzschild radius. --- Solar mass. --- Special relativity. --- Star. --- Stellar mass. --- Stephen Hawking. --- Stress–energy tensor. --- String theory. --- Supermassive black hole. --- Temperature. --- Theory of relativity. --- Thought experiment. --- Tidal force. --- Time dilation. --- Wavelength. --- White hole. --- Wormhole.
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