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This pioneering book presents a reconstitution of Charles Sanders Peirce philosophical system as a coherent architecture of concepts that form a unified theory of reality. Historically, the majority of Peircean scholars adopted a thematic approach to study isolated topics such as semiotics and pragmatism without taking into account the author’s broader philosophical framework, which led to a poor and fragmented understanding of Peirce’s work. In this volume, professor Ivo Assad Ibri, past president of The Charles Sanders Peirce Society and a leading figure in the Brazilian community of Peircean scholars, adopts a systemic approach to Peirce’s thought and presents Peirce’s scientific metaphysics as a deep ontological architecture based on a semiotic logic and on pragmatism as criteria of meaning. Originally published in Portuguese, this book became a classic among Brazilian Peircean scholars by presenting a conceptual matrix capable of providing a clear reference system to ground the thematic studies into the broader Peircean system. Now translated to English, this reviewed, amplified and updated edition aims to make this contributions available to the international community of Peircean scholars and to serve as a tool to understand Peirce’s work in a more systemic way by integrating concepts such as experience, phenomenon, existence and reality, as well as theories such as Chance, Continuity, Objective Idealism, Cosmology and Pragmatism, in a coherent system that reveals Peirce’s complex metaphysical architecture. “As the philosophical reputation of Charles S. Peirce continues to rise to first-tier prominence in the history of American philosophy, Ivo Ibri’s Kósmos Noetós assumes a unique status in both a pioneering and a magisterial work of transcontinental Peirce scholarship.” David Dilworth, State University of New York at Stone Brook - USA “Ivo Ibri has offered us in this exquisite work a framing of the inner logic of Charles S. Peirce's core metaphysical vision and its existential implications. The book is a remarkable combination of presentation and analysis and it is informed by Ibri’s deep philosophical culture.” Robert E. Innis, University of Massachusetts Lowell - USA.
Semiotics --- Philosophy --- Metaphysics --- filosofie --- semiotiek --- pragmatisme --- metafysica
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La 4ème de couv. indique : "Le pragmatisme, davantage qu'un véritable courant philosophique, est une attitude intellectuelle, un état d'esprit, une approche critique du contenu et des modes de production des connaissances. Il invite à se concentrer sur les actions plutôt que sur les idées, sur les pratiques plutôt que sur les pensées, sur l'expérience, sur l'utilité, sur les conséquences. Or il semble prospérer désormais jusque dans le monde des sciences du droit. Le pragmatisme juridique, attaché à l'effectivité des normes, permettrait mieux que le positivisme juridique moderne, attaché à la validité des normes, d'accepter et d'expliquer les modes de régulation originaux qui émergent au XXIe siècle. L'enjeu, en se détachant de toute forme de dogmatisme, est de permettre au droit scientifique d'accompagner le droit pratique même lorsque ce dernier évolue de plus en plus profondément et de plus en plus fréquemment. C'est pourquoi^ un nombre croissant de juristes s'intéressent au droit vivant, au droit en action ou au droit en situation et procèdent à des expérimentations, des enquêtes ou des études de cas. Si toutes les branches du droit et toutes les branches de la recherche juridique peuvent être concernées, cela se traduit en particulier dans les travaux relatifs à la gouvernance du cyberespace, à la protection de l'environnement, à la responsabilité sociale des entreprises, à la régulation de la finance ou à l'élaboration des standards techniques. Autant de domaines particulièrement affectés par la mondialisation qui incitent les chercheurs à adopter une approche dynamique et ouverte du droit, par exemple afin d'étudier ses sources réelles plus que ses sources officielles. Tout d'abord, ce livre présente les réponses novatrices que certains scientifiques du droit contemporains apportent aux questions "quel est l'objet de la connaissance juridique et comment l'att eindre ?", ces réponses étant souvent empreintes d'un pragmatisme inconscient. Ensuite, il précise et approfondit les pistes ainsi ouvertes en appliquant au droit les propositions des philosophes pragmatistes. L'ambition de cet ouvrage est donc d'affiner le visage du pragmatisme juridique en identifiant les nouvelles orientations théoriques, les nouveaux cadres épistémologiques et les nouveaux outils scientifiques s'y rapportant. Ceux-ci sont peut-être l'avenir de la recherche en droit."
Law --- Pragmatism --- Droit --- Pragmatisme --- Philosophy --- Philosophie
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This book combines an authoritative examination of the field of discourse-based research with practical guidance on research design and development. The book is not prescriptive but instead invites expansive, innovative thinking about what discourse is, why it matters to people at particular sites and how it can be investigated. The authors identify a set of questions that, they argue, are crucial for understanding discourse. Part I of the book explores the implications of these questions, providing a comprehensive survey of relevant scholars, theories, concepts and methodologies. Part II addresses these implications, setting out a multi-perspectival approach to resourcing and integrating micro and macro perspectives in the description, interpretation and explanation of data. Part III offers wide-ranging resources to support further reflection and future research. Ultimately, this book offers a new research approach for students, researchers and practitioners in Applied Linguistics to encourage and support research that can be truly impactful through its relevance to social and professional practice.
Lexicology. Semantics --- Pragmatics --- Sociolinguistics --- Linguistics --- semantiek --- tekstanalyse --- linguïstiek --- pragmatisme --- sociolinguïstiek
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Du changement climatique au terrorisme, la carte des risques a subi, en quelques décennies, une série de reconfigurations majeures, et l'on ne compte plus les discours qui alertent contre des menaces globales. En suivant les dynamiques à l'oeuvre dans les dossiers sanitaires, environnementaux et technologiques, cet ouvrage esquisse un modèle de transformation qui rompt avec le catastrophisme au profit de trois dimensions fondamentales de l'action et du jugement : la portée critique des modèles d'évaluation et de régulation ; la fabrique des scénarios et des visions du futur ; la créativité des milieux en interactions. En explorant de multiples figures de l'irréversibilité, les auteurs montrent comment des bifurcations ou des alternatives germent au coeur de processus critiques dont la destination n'est jamais totalement déterminée par avance. Des espaces de possibles ou des ouvertures d'avenir prennent corps dans la manière dont s'élaborent, en contexte, les prises individuelles et collectives sur le monde. Avec un regard à la fois pragmatique et critique, les auteurs réinterrogent les stratégies de résistance ou de déplacement face à des formes de gouvernement dont l'hégémonie est fortement contestée. En restituant l'histoire mouvementée de grandes alertes et controverses, comme la pollution de l'air, le nucléaire, les OGM ou les nanotechnologies, l'ouvrage opère un retour réflexif sur les sociologies contemporaines, ici réévaluées à l'aune du pragmatisme. Une des questions concerne les jeux d'échelles permettant de saisir, dans leur complexité, des processus critiques apparemment interminables. Comment articuler l'analyse des dispositifs publics et la description des activités pratiques, où se jouent la production et l'ancrage des savoirs et des valeurs ?
Pragmatisme (philosophie) --- Risk --- Irreversible processes. --- Pragmatism. --- Sociological aspects. --- Irreversible processes --- Pragmatism --- Sociological aspects --- Risk - Sociological aspects
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This volume brings together a wide array of papers which explore, among other things, to what extent languages and cultures are variable with respect to the interactions around the event of death. Motivated by J. L. Mey’s idea of the pragmeme, a situated speech act, the volume has both theoretical and practical implications for scholars working in different fields of enquiry. As the papers in this volume reveal, despite the terminological differences between various disciplines, the interactions around the event of death serve to provide solace, not only to the dying, but also to the family and friends of the deceased, thus helping them to “accommodate” to the new state of affairs.
Philosophy --- Pragmatics --- Sociolinguistics --- Philosophy of language --- Linguistics --- filosofie --- linguïstiek --- taalfilosofie --- pragmatisme --- sociolinguïstiek
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This monograph analyzes Nicholas Rescher’s system of pragmatic idealism. It also looks at his approach to prediction in science. Coverage highlights a prominent contribution to a central topic in the philosophy and methodology of science. The author offers a full characterization of Rescher’s system of philosophy. She presents readers with a comprehensive philosophico-methodological analysis of this important work. Her research takes into account different thematic realms: semantic, logical, epistemological, methodological, ontological, axiological, and ethical. The book features three, thematic-parts: I) General Coordinates, Semantic Features and Logical Components of Scientific Prediction; II) Predictive Knowledge and Predictive Processes in Rescher’s Methodological Pragmatism; and III) From Reality to Values: Ontological Features, Axiological Elements, and Ethical Aspects of Scientific Prediction. This insightful analysis offers a critical reconstruction of Rescher’s philosophy. The system he created is often characterized as pragmatic idealism that is open to some realist elements. He is a prominent representative of contemporary pragmatism who has made a great deal of contributions to the study of this topic. This area is crucial for science and it has been little considered in the philosophy of science. .
Science --- Philosophy --- Philosophy of science --- General ethics --- Sociology --- sociologie --- ethiek --- filosofie --- onderzoeksmethoden --- wetenschapsfilosofie --- pragmatisme
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This volume presents articles that focus on the application of formal models in the study of language in a variety of innovative ways, and is dedicated to Jacques Moeschler, professor at University of Geneva, to mark the occasion of his 60th birthday. The contributions, by seasoned and budding linguists of all different linguistic backgrounds, reflect Jacques Moeschler’s diverse and visionary research over the years. The book contains three parts. The first part shows how different formal models can be applied to the analysis of such diverse problems as the syntax, semantics and pragmatics of tense, aspect and deictic expressions, syntax and pragmatics of quantifiers and semantics and pragmatics of connectives and negation. The second part presents the application of formal models to the treatment of cognitive issues related to the use of language, and in particular, demonstrating cognitive accounts of different types of human interactions, the context in utterance interpretation (salience, inferential comprehension processes), figurative uses of language (irony pretence), the role of syntax in Theory of Mind in autism and the analysis of the aesthetics of nature. Finally, the third part addresses computational and corpus-based approaches to natural language for investigating language variation, language universals and discourse related issues. This volume will be of great interest to syntacticians, pragmaticians, computer scientists, semanticians and psycholinguists.
Computer architecture. Operating systems --- Lexicology. Semantics --- Grammar --- Pragmatics --- Mathematical linguistics --- Linguistics --- spraaktechnologie --- semantiek --- syntaxis --- pragmatisme --- grammatica
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This book shows how research in linguistic pragmatics, philosophy of language, and rhetoric can be connected through argumentation to analyze a recognizably common strategy used in political and everyday conversation, namely the distortion of another’s words in an argumentative exchange. Straw man argumentation refers to the modification of a position by misquoting, misreporting or wrenching the original speaker’s statements from their context in order to attack them more easily or more effectively. Through 63 examples taken from different contexts (including political and forensic discourses and dialogs) and 20 legal cases, the book analyzes the explicit and implicit types of straw man, shows how to assess the correctness of a quote or a report, and illustrates the arguments that can be used for supporting an interpretation and defending against a distortion. The tools of argumentation theory, a discipline aimed at investigating the uses of arguments by combining insights from pragmatics, logic, and communication, are applied to provide an original account of interpretation and reporting, and to describe and illustrate tactics and procedures that can be used and implemented for practical purposes.. This book will appeal to scholars in the fields of political communication, communication in general, argumentation theory, rhetoric and pragmatics, as well as to people working in public speech, speech writing, and discourse analysis.
Political sociology --- Sociology --- Politics --- Mass communications --- Pragmatics --- sociologie --- communicatie --- politiek --- pragmatisme
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This book explores the complexity of two philosophical traditions, extending from their origins to the current developments in neopragmatism. Chapters deal with the first encounters of these traditions and beyond, looking at metaphysics and the Vienna circle as well as semantics and the principle of tolerance. There is a general consensus that North-American (neo-)pragmatism and European Logical Empiricism were converging philosophical traditions, especially after the forced migration of the European Philosophers. But readers will discover a pluralist image of this relation and interaction with an obvious family resemblance. This work clarifies and specifies the common features and differences of these currents since the beginning of their mutual scientific communication in the 19th century. The book draws on collaboration between authors and philosophers from Vienna, Tübingen, and Helsinki, and their networks. It will appeal to philosophers, scholars in the history of philosophy, philosophers of science, pragmatists and beyond.
Philosophy --- Philosophy of science --- History of philosophy --- filosofie --- geschiedenis --- wetenschapsfilosofie --- pragmatisme
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This book presents a novel experimental approach to investigating the mental representation of linguistic alternatives. Combining theoretical and psycholinguistic questions concerning the nature of alternative sets, it sheds new light on the theory of focus and the cognitive mechanisms underlying the processing of alternatives. In a series of language comprehension experiments, the author shows that intonational focus and focus particles such as ‘only’ shape the representation of alternatives in a listener’s mind in a fundamental way. This book is relevant to researchers interested in semantics, pragmatics, language processing and memory. Nicole Gotzner is a postdoctoral researcher at the Centre for General Linguistics (ZAS) in Berlin, Germany. She is affiliated with the DFG Priority Programme Xprag.de “New Pragmatic Theories Based on Experimental Evidence”. Her research combines semantic and pragmatic theory with language processing and child language acquisition.
Lexicology. Semantics --- Phonetics --- Pragmatics --- Sociolinguistics --- Psycholinguistics --- Linguistics --- semantiek --- linguïstiek --- psycholinguïstiek --- pragmatisme
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