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This handbook investigates ‘member-owned’ organizations, whether consumer co-operatives, agricultural and producer co-operatives, worker co-operatives, mutual building societies, friendly societies, credit unions, solidarity organizations, mutual insurance companies, or employee-owned companies. Such organizations can be owned by the consumers, producers, or employees—whether through single-stakeholder or multi-stakeholder ownership. ‘Employee-owned’ business means businesses where a significant proportion of the company is owned by its employees, whether as individual shareholders or through a trust, or some combination of the two; ‘significant’ is generally taken as at least 25 per cent. This complex set of organizations is named differently across countries: from ‘mutuals’ in the United Kingdom, to ‘solidarity co-operatives’ in Latin America. In some countries, such organizations are not officially recognized. For the sake of clarity, the handbook will refer to member-owned organizations to encompass the variety of non-investor-owned organizations, and in the national case-study chapters the terms used will be those most widely employed in that country. These alternative corporate forms have emerged in a variety of economic sectors in almost all advanced economies since the time of the Industrial Revolution and the development of capitalism, through the subsequent creation and dominance of the limited liability company. Until recently, these organizations were generally regarded as a rather marginal component of the economy. However, in recent years, they have come to be seen in some countries as potentially attractive in light of their ability to tackle various economic and social concerns, and their relative resilience during the financial and economic crises of 2007–2016
Cooperative societies. --- Cooperation. --- Mutualism. --- Mutuality --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Co-operative societies --- Co-ops (Cooperative societies) --- Cooperative associations --- Cooperative stores --- Cooperatives --- Coops (Cooperative societies) --- Stores, Cooperative --- E-books --- Cooperation --- Cooperative societies --- Mutualism --- History --- Corporate governance --- Employee ownership --- Collaborative economy --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Economics --- Socialism --- Profit-sharing --- Corporations --- Societies
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Today's global enterprises increasingly involve collaborative work by teams of experts operating across different professions, organizations, and industries. Extreme Teaming provides new insights into the world of complex, cross industry projects and the ways they must be managed. Leading experts Amy Edmondson and Jean-François Harvey analyze contemporary cases that expose the complex demands of cross-boundary collaboration on management, and inform our understanding of teams. Containing powerful insights and practical guidelines that allow managers to bridge professional divides and organizational boundaries in order to work together effectively, this is a new exploration of the challenges involved in today's global enterprises. The authors demonstrate that the work done in the modern organization is less and less about looking inward and creating strong teams inside the company, and more about teaming across boundaries - that often are in flux. Extreme Teaming is a must-read book for all courses related to leading open innovation; teamwork and collaboration; project management; and cross-boundary work.
Interorganizational relations. --- Organizational behavior. --- Behavior in organizations --- Management --- Organization --- Psychology, Industrial --- Social psychology --- Intergroup relations --- Complex organizations --- E-books --- Interorganizational relations --- Organizational behavior --- Cooperation --- Leadership --- Ability --- Command of troops --- Followership --- Organisation --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Business & Economics --- Personnel & human resources management. --- Cooperation. --- Leadership.
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Leading jihadist groups such as al-Qaeda and the Islamic State dominate through cooperation in the form of knowledge sharing, resource sharing, joint training exercises, and operational collaboration. They build alliances and lesser partnerships with other formal and informal terrorist actors to recruit foreign fighters and spread their message worldwide, raising the aggregate threat level for their declared enemies. Whether they consist of friends or foes, whether they are connected locally or online, these networks create a wellspring of support for jihadist organizations that may fluctuate in strength or change in character but never runs dry. Nexus of Global Jihad identifies types of terrorist actors, the nature of their partnerships, and the environments in which they prosper to explain global jihadist terrorism's ongoing success and resilience.Nexus of Global Jihad brings to light an emerging style of "networked cooperation" that works alongside interorganizational terrorist cooperation to establish bonds of varying depth and endurance. Case studies use recently declassified materials to illuminate al-Qaeda's dealings from Iran to the Arabian Peninsula and the informal actors that power the Sharia4 movement. The book proposes policies that increase intelligence gathering on informal terrorist actors, constrain enabling environments, and disrupt terrorist networks according to different types of cooperation. It is a vital text for strategists and scholars struggling to understand a growing spectrum of terrorist groups working together more effectively than ever before.
Polemology --- Terrorism. --- Terrorism --- Cooperation --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Islam and terrorism --- Acts of terrorism --- Attacks, Terrorist --- Global terrorism --- International terrorism --- Political terrorism --- Terror attacks --- Terrorist acts --- Terrorist attacks --- World terrorism --- Direct action --- Insurgency --- Political crimes and offenses --- Subversive activities --- Political violence --- Terror --- Religious aspects --- Islam. --- Poliitcal aspects.
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How do people living in small groups without money, markets, police and rigid social classes develop norms of economic and social cooperation that are sustainable over time? This book addresses this fundamental question and explains the origin, structure and spread of stateless societies. Using insights from game theory, ethnography and archaeology, Stanish shows how ritual - broadly defined - is the key. Ritual practices encode elaborate rules of behavior and are ingenious mechanisms of organizing society in the absence of coercive states. As well as asking why and how people choose to co-operate, Stanish also provides the theoretical framework to understand this collective action problem. He goes on to highlight the evolution of cooperation with ethnographic and archaeological data from around of the world. Merging evolutionary game theory concepts with cultural evolutionary theory, this book will appeal to those seeking a transdisciplinary approach to one of the greatest problems in human evolution.
Cooperation. --- Economic anthropology. --- Social evolution. --- Social groups. --- Association --- Group dynamics --- Groups, Social --- Associations, institutions, etc. --- Social participation --- Cultural evolution --- Cultural transformation --- Culture, Evolution of --- Culture --- Evolution --- Social change --- Commerce, Primitive --- Economics, Primitive --- Economics --- Ethnology --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Profit-sharing
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Local exchange trading systems --- Money --- Cooperation --- Contracts --- Currency question --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Currency --- Monetary question --- Money, Primitive --- Specie --- Standard of value --- Exchange --- Finance --- Value --- Banks and banking --- Coinage --- Gold --- Silver --- Silver question --- Wealth --- Law and legislation
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This book examines the dynamic processes by which communities establish distinct notions of 'home' and 'belonging'. Focusing on the agency of diasporic groups, rather than (forced or voluntary) dispersion and a continued longing for the country of origin, it analyses how a diaspora presence impacts relations between 'home' and host countries. Its central concern is the specific role that diasporas play in global cooperation, including cases without a successful outcome. Bridging the divide between diaspora studies and international relations, it will appeal to sociologists, scholars of migration, anthropologists and policy-makers.
Social sciences. --- International organization. --- Globalization. --- Ethnology. --- Social structure. --- Social inequality. --- Emigration and immigration. --- Self. --- Identity (Psychology). --- Social Sciences. --- Migration. --- International Organization. --- Social Anthropology. --- Self and Identity. --- Social Structure, Social Inequality. --- Population geography. --- Cooperation. --- Social conflict. --- Class conflict --- Class struggle --- Conflict, Social --- Social tensions --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Immigration --- International migration --- Migration, International --- Population geography --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Colonization --- Interpersonal conflict --- Social psychology --- Sociology --- Demography --- Human geography --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Global cities --- Globalisation --- Internationalization --- International relations --- Anti-globalization movement --- Personal identity --- Consciousness --- Individuality --- Mind and body --- Personality --- Thought and thinking --- Will --- Cultural anthropology --- Ethnography --- Races of man --- Social anthropology --- Anthropology --- Human beings --- Federation, International --- Global governance --- Interdependence of nations --- International administration --- International federation --- Organization, International --- World federation --- World government --- World order --- World organization --- Congresses and conventions --- Peace --- Political science --- International agencies --- International cooperation --- Security, International --- World politics --- Egalitarianism --- Inequality --- Social equality --- Social inequality --- Democracy --- Liberty --- Organization, Social --- Social organization --- Social institutions --- Self --- Ego (Psychology) --- Equality.
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