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En s'appuyant sur les exemples de catastrophes naturelles de grande ampleur, l'anthropologue étudie la fabrique et la perte de sens dans ces situations extrêmes et explique comment les sociétés humaines parviennent à surmonter l'effroi et redonnent une direction à leur existence. ©Electre 2017

Environmental disasters --- Human ecology --- Catastrophical, The --- Crisis management --- Emergency management --- Catastrophes --- Gestion des crises --- Aspect psychologique --- Natural disasters --- Catastrophes naturelles --- Social aspects. --- Aspect social

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"This study analyses initiatives undertaken in Morocco to support the management of critical risks. It covers steps taken by central government and local authorities, research centres, the private sector, and civil society. It focuses particularly on questions relating to the governance of risks, co-ordination, and the engagement of key stakeholders. The analysis looks at the entire risk management cycle, including risk assessment, prevention and mitigation, emergency response and management, recovery and reconstruction. It also identifies the challenges that Morocco still needs address in order to improve the resilience of its economy and society to critical risks"--Page 4 of cover.

Disasters --- Risk assessment. --- Calamities --- Catastrophes --- Curiosities and wonders --- Accidents --- Hazardous geographic environments

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Policymakers, program practitioners, and investors who want to achieve the greatest possible benefits from the resilience projects that they support lack effective tools to estimate the net benefits of those projects. Existing approaches often do not provide a sufficient framework for estimating the benefits that might accrue from a project aimed at increasing resilience, especially if a shock or stress does not occur. The RAND Corporation and the Rockefeller Foundation formed a partnership to develop a modeling framework that can be used to estimate the net benefits of a resilience project. We call the framework the Resilience Dividend Valuation Model (RDVM). We use the term resilience dividend to describe the net benefits associated with the absorption of shocks and stressors, the recovery path following a shock, and any co-benefits that accrue from a project, even in the absence of a shock. For any given project, the estimated dividend may be positive or negative. This report describes how we developed the RDVM and offers a set of case studies to demonstrate how it can be applied across diverse settings. The RDVM is designed to provide a systematic, "structural" framework for assessing resilience interventions that ultimately create benefits and costs within a system, such as a community or city. While the model is not designed to be a one-size-fits-all tool, it does provide a way to systematically account for the returns to resilience investments across a range of contexts

Hazard mitigation --- Emergency management --- Emergency management --- Disasters --- Catastrophes --- Catastrophes --- Cost effectiveness --- Simulation methods. --- Cost effectiveness --- Simulation methods. --- Social aspects --- Réduction --- Coût-efficacité --- Méthodes de simulation. --- Aspect social

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Humanitarian assistance, European --- Disaster relief --- International relief --- Aide humanitaire européenne --- Secours aux victimes de catastrophes --- Secours international

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Minas de Riotinto, 4 février 1888 : des milliers de mineurs et d’habitants des villages alentour manifestent contre les calcinations de pyrites à l’air libre pratiquées par la Rio Tinto Company, dont les fumées toxiques affectent gravement la santé publique, l’agriculture, l’environnement. Placée au milieu d’une foule pacifique, l’armée tire sans sommation, faisant près de 200 morts, bilan travesti par les autorités, sans équivalent dans l’Europe du temps. À partir de centaines de documents d’archives inédits, cet ouvrage inscrit le drame de « el año de los tiros » dans une décennie de luttes locales tout en décryptant les stratégies et responsabilités des différents pouvoirs, compagnie minière, politiques, experts. Le conflit et le massacre conduisent à une réflexion sur le fonctionnement même du régime de la Restauration et, au-delà de l’Espagne, sur les comportements des populations et de l’ensemble des acteurs devant une catastrophe environnementale. Minas de Riotinto, 4 de febrero de 1888: el ejército dispara sobre más de 10.000 personas que se manifiestan para reclamar el cese de las calcinaciones de piritas al aire libre. El balance de la masacre es de casi 200 muertos. Este acontecimiento, inaudito en Europa, es el origen de una investigación sobre diez años de luchas que sostuvieron los municipios y sobre las estrategias y responsabilidades de los distintos poderes implicados (compañía minera, políticos y expertos) ante una catástrofe ambiental.

Industries --- Industrias --- Massacres. --- Masacres. --- History --- Historia --- Atrocities --- Persecution --- Industrial production --- Industry --- Economics --- Industries, Primitive --- catastrophes environnementales --- industrie minière --- impérialisme --- Rio Tinto Company --- Restauration --- Andalousie --- protestation populaire --- XIXe siècle