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Coastlines around the world are facing significant damage from increasing urban development and population density, additional infrastructure of diverse sectors and ecosystem degradation. Engineers are increasingly called upon to provide structures that give protection against wave attack, coastal flooding and erosion. Generally, these protective measures are hard barriers, which are designed with little or no consideration of their impact on ecosystems or possible adaptation to climate and global changes. However, natural solutions have begun to emerge, which replace or are incorporated into conventional protection schemes. Even so, the more conventional structures are those frequently adopted, as there is a lack of knowledge, methodical frameworks, models, analysis tools, and practical guidance for the implementation of more ecologically based schemes. The Summer School in Puerto Morelos, Mexico, on Integrating Ecosystems in Coastal Engineering Practice (INECEP) held in September 18-30, 2017, organized by Exceed Swindon – Latin America Network was conceived to bridge this gap. As a response to recent natural disasters, such as flooding and erosion in coastal areas, research and development in ecosystem-based approaches have advanced greatly. Knowledge on the interactions between protection structures and coastal ecosystems, evaluation, modelling and mapping of coastal ecosystem services, methodological frameworks and tools for eco-engineering was provided to the attendees, enabling them to move from conventional coastal protection to nature-based and hybrid coastal protection solutions. The papers in this book are some of the case studies examined during this course.

Water --- Environmental impact analysis. --- Biotic communities. --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Ecology --- Population biology --- Analysis of environmental impact --- Environmental assessment --- Environmental impact assessment --- Environmental impact evaluation --- Impact analysis, Environmental --- Environmental auditing --- Environmental monitoring --- Environmental protection

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The book presents an analysis of the ecological, economic and social threats posed by the introduction and spread of non-native species. It provides a comprehensive description of impacts of non-native species from all five kingdoms of life across all ecosystems of the world. New insights into the impacts arising from biological invasions are generated through taking an ecosystem services perspective. This work highlights that management of biological invasions is needed not only to sustain biodiversity and the environment, but also to safeguard productive sectors such as agriculture, forestry and fisheries, as well as to preserve human health and well-being. .

Life sciences. --- Biodiversity. --- Ecosystems. --- Aquatic ecology. --- Environmental management. --- Life Sciences. --- Freshwater & Marine Ecology. --- Environmental Management. --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Biological diversification --- Biological diversity --- Biotic diversity --- Diversification, Biological --- Diversity, Biological --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Aquatic biology. --- Endangered ecosystems. --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Biology --- Biocomplexity --- Ecological heterogeneity --- Numbers of species --- Threatened ecosystems --- Biotic communities --- Nature conservation --- Hydrobiology --- Water biology --- Aquatic sciences --- Aquatic ecology . --- Ecology --- Population biology --- Aquatic biology --- Biotic communities.

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This is the first comprehensive science-based textbook on the biology and ecology of the Baltic Sea, one of the world’s largest brackish water bodies. The aim of this book is to provide students and other readers with knowledge about the conditions for life in brackish water, the functioning of the Baltic Sea ecosystem and its environmental problems and management. It highlights biological variation along the unique environmental gradients of the brackish Baltic Sea Area (the Baltic Sea, Belt Sea and Kattegat), especially those in salinity and climate. The first part of the book presents the challenges for life processes and ecosystem dynamics that result from the Baltic Sea’s highly variable recent geological history and geographical isolation. The second part explains interactions between organisms and their environment, including biogeochemical cycles, patterns of biodiversity, genetic diversity and evolution, biological invasions and physiological adaptations. In the third part, the subsystems of the Baltic Sea ecosystem – the pelagic zone, the sea ice, the deep soft sea beds, the phytobenthic zone, the sandy coasts, and estuaries and coastal lagoons – are treated in detail with respect to the structure and function of communities and habitats and consequences of natural and anthropogenic constraints, such as climate change, discharges of nutrients and hazardous substances. Finally, the fourth part of the book discusses monitoring and ecosystem-based management to deal with contemporary and emerging threats to the ecosystem’s health.

Environment. --- Biodiversity. --- Ecosystems. --- Aquatic ecology. --- Community ecology, Biotic. --- Marine sciences. --- Freshwater. --- Marine & Freshwater Sciences. --- Freshwater & Marine Ecology. --- Community & Population Ecology. --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Biological diversification --- Biological diversity --- Biotic diversity --- Diversification, Biological --- Diversity, Biological --- Fresh waters --- Freshwater --- Freshwaters --- Inland water --- Inland waters --- Ocean sciences --- Marine Sciences. --- Aquatic biology. --- Endangered ecosystems. --- Ecology. --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Threatened ecosystems --- Biotic communities --- Nature conservation --- Hydrobiology --- Water biology --- Aquatic sciences --- Biocomplexity --- Ecological heterogeneity --- Numbers of species --- Ecology --- Marine ecology --- Aquatic ecology . --- Aquatic biology --- Water

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This book integrates the results of Dr. Carol Johnston’s research on beaver ecosystem alteration at Voyageurs National Park, a mature beaver-altered landscape named after the French-Canadian voyageurs who transported packs of beaver pelts through the region more than 250 years ago. The text synthesizes information about the vegetation, soils, and chemistry of beaver impoundments, bridging the fields of ecosystem science and landscape ecology to analyze the dynamics of a beaver-altered landscape. The findings from this mature system can inform other scientists and managers about the sustainability and long-term ecosystem effects of beaver activity that is still expanding in much of North America. These findings are also compared to studies of beaver-occupied landscapes in other locations, including the Adirondacks, Tierra del Fuego, and other national parks. Dr. Carol A. Johnston is Professor of Ecology in the Department of Natural Resource Management at South Dakota State University. She is a Certified Professional Soil Scientist, a Fellow of the Society of Wetland Scientists, and a life member of the Ecological Society of America.

bever --- Life sciences. --- Animal ecology. --- Ecosystems. --- Landscape ecology. --- Wildlife. --- Fish. --- Life Sciences. --- Animal Ecology. --- Fish & Wildlife Biology & Management. --- Landscape Ecology. --- Beavers --- Ecology. --- Habitations. --- Beaver --- Castor (Mammals) --- Castoridae --- Castorids --- Rodents --- Wildlife management. --- Endangered ecosystems. --- Ecology --- Threatened ecosystems --- Biotic communities --- Nature conservation --- Animal populations --- Game management --- Management, Game --- Management, Wildlife --- Plant populations --- Wildlife resources --- Natural resources --- Wildlife conservation --- Animals --- Zoology --- Management --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Population biology --- Fish --- Pisces --- Aquatic animals --- Vertebrates --- Fisheries --- Fishing --- Ichthyology

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This is the only book which deals with the correlatory comparison between hierarchical living systems and inorganic physical ones. The culmination of the book is the proposition of research to discover and understand the natural underlying level of organization which produces the descriptive commonality of life and physics. Traditional science eliminates life from its purview by its rejection of interrelationships as a primary content of systems. The conventional procedure of science is that of reductionism, whereby complex systems are dismantled to characterize lower level components, but virtually no attention is given to how to rebuild those systems—the underlying assumption is that analysis and synthesis are symmetrical. This book fulfills two main coupled functions. Firstly, it details hierarchy as the major formulation of natural complex systems and investigates the fundamental character of natural hierarchy as a widely transferable ‘container’ of structure and/or function – and this in the case of the new development of a representational or model hierarchy. Secondly, it couples this hierarchical description to that of the electronic properties of semiconductors, as a well-modeled canonical example of physical properties. The central thesis is that these two descriptions are comparable, if care is taken to treat logical and epistemological aspects with prudence: a large part of the book is composed of just this aspect of care for grounding consistency. As such great attention is given to correct assessment of argumentative features which are otherwise presumed ‘known’ but which are usually left uncertain. Development of the ideas is always based on a relationship between entity or phenomenon and their associated ecosystems, and this applies equally well to the consequent derivations of consciousness and information.

Life sciences. --- Knowledge, Theory of. --- Computers. --- Epistemology. --- Ecosystems. --- Solid state physics. --- Life Sciences. --- Science, multidisciplinary. --- Theory of Computation. --- Solid State Physics. --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic brains --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Computer systems --- Cybernetics --- Machine theory --- Calculators --- Cyberspace --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Epistemology --- Theory of knowledge --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Endangered ecosystems. --- Science. --- Genetic epistemology. --- Information theory. --- Communication theory --- Communication --- Developmental psychology --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Natural science --- Science of science --- Sciences --- Threatened ecosystems --- Biotic communities --- Nature conservation --- Natural sciences --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Ecology --- Population biology --- Physics --- Solids