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The ancient origins of teleological concepts are sometimes either conveniently forgotten or given a distorted appearance. On the one hand, ancient teleology has been obscured by the theological cloak of creationism. On the other, Darwinists have sometimes failed to give due consideration to the variety and subtlety of teleology's intellectual antecedents. The purpose of this book is to restore the balance by looking at the manifold ways in which teleology in antiquity was viewed. The volume, consisting of twelve essays by leading authorities in their fields, examines the ways in which teleological arguments were used in antiquity and how these discussions inform and influence current debates on evolution, creationism and intelligent design. As well as examining philosophical contributions to the subject, a specific aim is to examine ancient medical thinking on this topic and its relationship to ancient philosophical ideas.
Teleology --- Medicine --- Health Workforce --- Design in natural phenomena, Study of --- Final cause --- Philosophy --- Causation --- Evolution --- Necessity (Philosophy) --- History.
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Universals (Philosophy) --- Teleology. --- Design in natural phenomena, Study of --- Final cause --- Philosophy --- Causation --- Evolution --- Necessity (Philosophy) --- Universals (Logic) --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Logic --- Scholasticism --- Whole and parts (Philosophy)
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In this book, Michel Chaouli aims to inhabit Kant's work, to "know the text from inside" and to reveal the strangeness, audacity, and "blissful" potential of its claims. Chaouli lays out the major concepts that run beneath Kant's Third Critique, assuming no prior knowledge of Kant, while simultaneously aiming to offer original interpretations of aspects of Kant's thinking. Chaouli's background is in comparative literature, and his insights are often drawn from close readings that reveal how Kant's language supports, and sometimes resists, the philosopher's claims. The majority of Chaouli's text is devoted to Kant's aesthetic theory, from the first chapter, "Pleasure," which examines pleasure's central role in aesthetic experience for Kant, to the sixth chapter, "Aesthetic Ideas," which suggests that the concept of aesthetic ideas that arises late in Kant's text occasions a rethinking of much that has preceded it. Chaouli's final chapters turn toward the second, distinct section of the Critique of Judgment: Kant's teleological theory of life. Chaouli shows how Kant's teleology echoes and enriches his aesthetic theory and suggests that teleological philosophy is still relevant today--not in the way that it is often wielded on both sides of the intelligent design debate, but rather as a description of one ineradicable aspect of the human understanding of organic life.--
Judgment (Aesthetics) --- Teleology. --- Design in natural phenomena, Study of --- Final cause --- Philosophy --- Causation --- Evolution --- Necessity (Philosophy) --- Aesthetics --- Kant, Immanuel, --- Kant, Immanuel --- Kant, I. --- Kānt, ʻAmmānūʼīl, --- Kant, Immanouel, --- Kant, Immanuil, --- Kʻantʻŭ, --- Kant, --- Kant, Emmanuel, --- Ḳanṭ, ʻImanuʼel, --- Kant, E., --- Kant, Emanuel, --- Cantơ, I., --- Kant, Emanuele, --- Kant, Im. --- קאנט --- קאנט, א. --- קאנט, עמנואל --- קאנט, עמנואל, --- קאנט, ע. --- קנט --- קנט, עמנואל --- קנט, עמנואל, --- كانت ، ايمانوئل --- كنت، إمانويل، --- カントイマニユエル, --- Kangde, --- 康德, --- Kanṭ, Īmānwīl, --- كانط، إيمانويل --- Kant, Manuel, --- Criticism, Textual.
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This book provides a short, hands-on introduction to the science of complexity using simple computational models of natural complex systems-with models and exercises drawn from physics, chemistry, geology, and biology. By working through the models and engaging in additional computational explorations suggested at the end of each chapter, readers very quickly develop an understanding of how complex structures and behaviors can emerge in natural phenomena as diverse as avalanches, forest fires, earthquakes, chemical reactions, animal flocks, and epidemic diseases.Natural Complexity provides the necessary topical background, complete source codes in Python, and detailed explanations for all computational models. Ideal for undergraduates, beginning graduate students, and researchers in the physical and natural sciences, this unique handbook requires no advanced mathematical knowledge or programming skills and is suitable for self-learners with a working knowledge of precalculus and high-school physics.Self-contained and accessible, Natural Complexity enables readers to identify and quantify common underlying structural and dynamical patterns shared by the various systems and phenomena it examines, so that they can form their own answers to the questions of what natural complexity is and how it arises.
Complexity (Philosophy) --- Physics --- Computational complexity. --- Complexity, Computational --- Electronic data processing --- Machine theory --- Philosophy --- Emergence (Philosophy) --- Methodology. --- Burridge-Knopoff stick-slip model. --- Gutenberg-Richter law. --- Johannes Kepler. --- Olami-Feder-Christensen model. --- Python code. --- accretion. --- active flockers. --- agents. --- automobile traffic. --- avalanches. --- cells. --- cellular automata. --- chaos. --- clusters. --- complex behavior. --- complex structure. --- complex system. --- complexity. --- computational model. --- computer program. --- contagious diseases. --- criticality. --- diffusion-limited aggregation. --- earthquake forecasting. --- earthquakes. --- emergence. --- emergent behavior. --- emergent structure. --- epidemic spread. --- epidemic surges. --- excitable system. --- flocking. --- forest fires. --- fractal clusters. --- fractal geometry. --- growth. --- hodgepodge machine. --- infection rate. --- iterated growth. --- lattice. --- lichens. --- natural complex system. --- natural complexity. --- natural order. --- natural phenomena. --- nature. --- open dissipative system. --- panic. --- passive flockers. --- pattern formation. --- percolation threshold. --- percolation. --- phase transition. --- planetary motion. --- power-law. --- random walk. --- randomness. --- repulsion. --- rule-based growth. --- sandpile. --- scale invariance. --- segregation. --- self-organization. --- self-organized criticality. --- self-propulsion. --- self-similarity. --- simple rules. --- small-world network. --- solar flares. --- spaghetti. --- spatiotemporal pattern. --- spiral. --- tagging algorithm. --- traffic jams. --- waves. --- wildfire management.
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