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« Avec le chômage, on a tout essayé ! » affirmait déjà François Mitterrand il y a trente ans. Sans doute conviendrait-il d'ajouter « mais s'est-on donné les moyens d'apprendre ? » Car faute d'avoir suffisamment investi dans une évaluation véritablement scientifique de nos politiques de l'emploi, notre connaissance sur les causes du chômage et sur notre capacité à le résoudre n'a guère progressé. Certains programmes de formation, de subventions à l'emploi et d'accompagnement mis en place dans les pays développés ont pourtant pu être évalués méticuleusement. La faiblesse de leurs impacts démontre que l'on ne saurait prétendre éradiquer le chômage par l'investissement dans tel ou tel type d'action. Mais ces programmes peuvent être améliorés et nous aider à venir à bout du chômage. Cela passe par une analyse minutieuse des besoins et des comportements ainsi que par un recours plus large à des évaluations rigoureuses. Finalement, n'est-ce pas notre impatience à tester des actions sans nous donner le temps d'étudier leurs effets qui nous a piégés dans le chômage durable ?

Manpower policy. --- Full employment policies. --- Labor supply.

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Labor market --- Job creation --- Creating jobs --- Employment creation --- Full employment policies --- Employees --- Market, Labor --- Supply and demand for labor --- Markets --- Supply and demand

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Cet ouvrage interroge les usages sociaux de l'employabilité en montrant comment elle affecte les politiques publiques, le recrutement, la formation et l'insertion dans l'emploi. Les auteurs interrogent également la portée symbolique et la pertinence scientifique de cette notion qui risque d'enfermer dans un double piège : stigmatiser les chômeurs et persister dans les politiques d'emploi sans résultat face au chômage.

Employability --- Vocational qualifications --- Employment (Economic theory) --- Labor supply --- Full employment policies --- Manpower policy --- Unemployment --- Employment stabilization --- Effect of education on --- 331.626 --- P44 --- tewerkstelling - werkgelegenheid - tewerkstellingsvraagstukken - tewerkstelling en werkgelegenheid, evolutie --- Frankrijk

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This book investigates the potential of the Spanish Sociedades Laborales (SLs) as an instrument of active labour market policy for re-turning the unemployed to the labour market. SLs are mostly small and micro enterprises and a qualified form of the conventional corporation, majority-owned by their permanent employees. Unemployed persons can capitalise their unemployment benefits as a lump sum to start a new SL or to recapitalise an existing SL by joining it. This makes SLs similar to start-up subsidies for the unemployed, an established instrument of active labour market policy across the EU. This book examines the function and success of existing SLs and explores the transferability of the scheme to other EU Member States. It tackles two widely discussed policy issues at both the EU level as well as the national level: firstly, the reactivation of the unemployed into work, and secondly the encouragement of employee co-ownership in the context of the economic reform agenda, in particular with regard to corporate governance, regional economic stimuli and distributive justice. .

Industrial organization. --- Labor economics. --- Economics. --- Labor Economics. --- Industrial Organization. --- European Economics. --- Employment (Economic theory) --- Full employment policies. --- Economic policy --- Employment stabilization --- Unemployment --- Economics --- Europe—Economic conditions. --- Industries --- Organization --- Industrial concentration --- Industrial management --- Industrial sociology

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The contributors to this edited collection argue that a flexible Job Guarantee program able to react to an economy’s fluctuating need for work would stabilize the labor standard, the value of employment in relation to money. During economic downturns, the program would expand to provide more public sector jobs in response to private sector layoffs. It would then contract when economic growth offered private sector employment opportunities. This flexible full employment program would create a balanced, perpetually active labor force, providing the macroeconomic stability necessary to define a functioning labor standard. Just as the gold standard measured the worth of money against gold reserves, John Milton Keynes argued, so a labor standard ought to measure the value of money in terms of its labor equivalent. However, he failed to account for the fact that, unlike a gold standard, a labor standard does not have any kind of surety that money will continue to match its value in paid work over time. Together, the contributors argue that full employment would provide this missing security and allow authorities to define the value equivalencies of money and labor, the way that money once represented its exact equivalent in gold.

Economic theory. --- Economic policy. --- Labor economics. --- Economics. --- Labor Economics. --- Economic Theory/Quantitative Economics/Mathematical Methods. --- Economic Policy. --- Public service employment. --- Full employment policies. --- Employment, Public service --- Work relief --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Economics --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- Economic policy --- Employment stabilization --- Unemployment --- Economic assistance, Domestic --- Full employment policies --- Manpower policy --- Civil service --- Social sciences --- Economic man