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One of the major ambitions of medieval alchemists was to discover the elixir of life, a sovereign remedy capable not only of healing the body but of transforming it. Given the widespread belief that care for the body came at the cost of care for the soul, it might seem surprising that any Franciscan would pursue the elixir, but those who did were among its most outspoken and optimistic advocates. They believed they could distill a substance that would purify, transmute, and ennoble the human body as well as the soul. In an age when Christians across Europe were seeking material evidence for their faith and corporeal means of practicing their devotion, alchemy, and the elixir in particular, offered a way to bridge the terrestrial and the celestial.Framed as a history around science, Franciscans and the Elixir of Life focuses on alchemy as a material practice and investigates the Franciscan discourses and traditions that shaped the pursuit of the elixir, providing a rich examination of alchemy and religiosity. Zachary A. Matus makes new connections between alchemy, ritual life, apocalypticism, and the particular commitment of the Franciscan Order to the natural world, shedding new light on the question of why so many people claimed to have made, seen, or used alchemical compounds that could never have existed.

Alchemy --- Religion and science --- Elixir of life. --- Christianity and science --- Geology --- Geology and religion --- Science --- Science and religion --- Life, Elixir of --- Medicine, Medieval --- Talismans --- Metals, Transmutation of --- Philosophers' egg --- Philosophers' stone --- Stone, Philosophers' --- Transmutation of metals --- Chemistry --- Occultism --- Religious aspects --- Christianity --- History --- Franciscans --- Alcantarines --- Bernardyni --- Cordeliers --- Discalced Friars Minor --- Família Franciscana --- Frades Menores --- Frailes Menores --- Franciscains --- Franciscan Discalceati --- Franciscan Order --- Franciscan Reformati --- Franciszkanie --- Frant︠s︡iskanskiĭ orden --- Frant︠s︡iskant︠s︡y --- Frati minori --- Fratres minores --- Frères mineurs --- Friars, Gray --- Friars Minor --- Gråbrøderne --- Gray Friars --- Grey Friars --- Mala braća --- Minderbrüder --- Minoriten --- Minorites --- O.F.M. --- Observants --- OFM --- Ojcowie Franciszkanie --- Ordem dos Frades Menores --- Ordem dos Franciscanos --- Ordem Franciscana --- Orden de Frailes Menores --- Orden de los Frailes Menores --- Orden Franciscana --- Orden sv. Frant︠s︡iska --- Order of Friars Minor --- Ordine dei Frati Minori --- Ordine dei minori --- Ordo Fratrum Minorum --- Reformati --- Reformed Franciscans --- Seraphic Order --- Capuchins --- Conventuals --- Franciscan Recollects --- Franciscains mineurs --- Ordre des frères franciscains mineurs --- 271.3-8 --- 271.3-8 Speciale gewoonten en specifiek apostolaat bij de franciskanen --- Speciale gewoonten en specifiek apostolaat bij de franciskanen --- Elixir of life --- Alchemy - Religious aspects - Christianity - History - To 1500. --- Religion and science - Europe - History - To 1500.

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This volume, 'Ordo et Sanctitas: The Franciscan Spiritual Journey in Theology and Hagiography', which celebrates the life and legacy of J.A. Wayne Hellmann, is comprised of articles written by colleagues, former students, and associates. The authors were invited to contribute their own articles within three broad categories corresponding with the areas in which Wayne has made a longstanding scholarly contribution: Franciscan hagiographical texts (especially Thomas of Celano); medieval theology and the Bonaventurian theological tradition; and the retrieval of the Franciscan tradition in a contemporary context. 0All of the essays in the volume build upon and expand in new directions the contributions of our honoree in these areas.

271.3 <082> --- 271.3 <082> Franciskanen. Minderbroeders--Feestbundels. Festschriften --- Franciskanen. Minderbroeders--Feestbundels. Festschriften --- Bonaventure, --- Francis, --- Thomas, --- Celano, Thomas of, --- Tomaso, --- Tommaso, --- Assisi, Francesco d', --- Bernadone, Francis, --- Bernardone, Giovanni Francesco, --- Ffransis, --- Francesco, --- Francisco, --- Franciscus, --- Franciskus, --- Franciszek, --- François, --- Franjo, --- Frans, --- Frant︠s︡isk, --- Franz, --- Franziskus, --- Phanxicô, --- Phrankiskos, --- Poverello, --- Pranciškus, --- Pʻŭraensisŭ, --- Sŏng Pʻŭraensisŭ, --- Boaventura, --- Bonaventura, --- Bonawentura, --- Boneventura, --- Buenaventura, --- Būnāwintūrā, --- Fidanza, Giovanni, --- Sheng Wen-te, --- Wen-te, --- Franciscans. --- Franciscans --- Alcantarines --- Bernardyni --- Cordeliers --- Discalced Friars Minor --- Família Franciscana --- Frades Menores --- Frailes Menores --- Franciscains --- Franciscains mineurs --- Franciscan Discalceati --- Franciscan Order --- Franciscan Reformati --- Franciszkanie --- Frant︠s︡iskanskiĭ orden --- Frant︠s︡iskant︠s︡y --- Frati minori --- Fratres minores --- Frères mineurs --- Friars, Gray --- Friars Minor --- Gråbrøderne --- Gray Friars --- Grey Friars --- Mala braća --- Minderbrüder --- Minoriten --- Minorites --- O.F.M. --- Observants --- OFM --- Ojcowie Franciszkanie --- Ordem dos Frades Menores --- Ordem dos Franciscanos --- Ordem Franciscana --- Orden de Frailes Menores --- Orden de los Frailes Menores --- Orden Franciscana --- Orden sv. Frant︠s︡iska --- Order of Friars Minor --- Ordine dei Frati Minori --- Ordine dei minori --- Ordre des frères franciscains mineurs --- Ordo Fratrum Minorum --- Reformati --- Reformed Franciscans --- Seraphic Order --- Spiritual life. --- Festschrift - Libri Amicorum --- Pseudo-Bonaventure --- Capuchins --- Conventuals --- Franciscan Recollects --- Franziskus --- Spiritual life --- Franciscus Assisiensis --- Bonaventura cardinalis --- Francis, - of Assisi, Saint, - 1182-1226

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Missions --- Indians of North America --- American aborigines --- American Indians --- First Nations (North America) --- Indians of the United States --- Indigenous peoples --- Native Americans --- North American Indians --- Christian missions --- Christianity --- Missions, Foreign --- Religion --- Theology, Practical --- Proselytizing --- History --- First contact with Europeans --- Culture --- Ethnology --- Franciscans --- Alcantarines --- Bernardyni --- Cordeliers --- Discalced Friars Minor --- Família Franciscana --- Frades Menores --- Frailes Menores --- Franciscains --- Franciscains mineurs --- Franciscan Discalceati --- Franciscan Order --- Franciscan Reformati --- Franciszkanie --- Frant︠s︡iskanskiĭ orden --- Frant︠s︡iskant︠s︡y --- Frati minori --- Fratres minores --- Frères mineurs --- Friars, Gray --- Friars Minor --- Gråbrøderne --- Gray Friars --- Grey Friars --- Mala braća --- Minderbrüder --- Minoriten --- Minorites --- O.F.M. --- Observants --- OFM --- Ojcowie Franciszkanie --- Ordem dos Frades Menores --- Ordem dos Franciscanos --- Ordem Franciscana --- Orden de Frailes Menores --- Orden de los Frailes Menores --- Orden Franciscana --- Orden sv. Frant︠s︡iska --- Order of Friars Minor --- Ordine dei Frati Minori --- Ordine dei minori --- Ordre des frères franciscains mineurs --- Ordo Fratrum Minorum --- Reformati --- Reformed Franciscans --- Seraphic Order --- Capuchins --- Conventuals --- Franciscan Recollects --- Florida --- First contact with other peoples

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"Prominently located on the Arx, the northern summit of the Capitoline hill, S. Maria in Aracoeli is the most significant medieval church of Rome to survive to the present day. Second major church of the Lesser Brothers or fratres minores in the Italian peninsula, and Roman headquarters of the Order, the Aracoeli played a vital role in the interaction between the Franciscans and the papacy, the friars and the laity, and the religious and civic authorities, as reflected in its art and architecture. On the basis of an interdisciplinary approach combining archaeological analysis with the finding of new archival evidence, reinterpretation of documents and literary and epigraphic sources, this book offers a reconstruction of the original church, its monuments and its Benedictine predecessor, which differs radically from earlier hypotheses. This reassessment in turn allows the author to revisit a number of major questions, including the Franciscans' physical and theoretical appropriation of the past, the adaptation of an ancient site by a 'modern' religious order, the use and functions of space, the interaction between friars, laity and artists, and the contribution of the Roman Franciscans to the development of Marian devotion, thus shedding new light on the social, political and religious history of late-medieval Italy and its impact beyond the peninsula, from England to Bohemia and the Holy Land."--P. [i].

Christian art and symbolism --- Church decoration and ornament --- Church architecture --- Sacred space --- Mary, --- Devotion to --- S. Maria in Aracoeli (Church : Rome, Italy) --- Franciscans --- Architecture and history --- Holy places --- Places, Sacred --- Sacred places --- Sacred sites --- Sacred spaces --- Sites, Sacred --- Space, Sacred --- Holy, The --- Religion and geography --- Ecclesiastical architecture --- Rood-lofts --- Religious architecture --- Architecture, Gothic --- Church buildings --- History and architecture --- History --- ʻAdhrāʼ --- Arogyamata --- Ārōkkiyamāta --- Birhen ng mga Dukha --- Blessed Lady --- Blessed Mother --- Blessed Virgin Mary, --- Hagnē Theotokos --- Madonna, The --- Mama Mary --- Mare de Déu --- Maria, --- Mariam Astuatsatsin --- Marie, --- Marie Théotokos --- Marii︠a︡, --- Maryam, --- Maryja, --- Meryem Ana --- Miryam, --- Mother of God --- Muíre, --- Nossa Senhora --- Our Lady --- Our Lady of Good Health --- Our Lady of Sorrows --- Our Lady of the Blessed Sacrament --- Qiddīsah Maryam --- Theotokos --- Vierge Marie, --- Virgen María --- Virgin Mary, --- Virgin of the Poor --- Ynang Maria --- مريم --- مريم العذراء --- 성모마리아 --- Our Lady of Emmitsburg --- Majka Isusova --- Alcantarines --- Bernardyni --- Cordeliers --- Discalced Friars Minor --- Família Franciscana --- Frades Menores --- Frailes Menores --- Franciscains --- Franciscains mineurs --- Franciscan Discalceati --- Franciscan Order --- Franciscan Reformati --- Franciszkanie --- Frant︠s︡iskanskiĭ orden --- Frant︠s︡iskant︠s︡y --- Frati minori --- Fratres minores --- Frères mineurs --- Friars, Gray --- Friars Minor --- Gråbrøderne --- Gray Friars --- Grey Friars --- Mala braća --- Minderbrüder --- Minoriten --- Minorites --- O.F.M. --- Observants --- OFM --- Ojcowie Franciszkanie --- Ordem dos Frades Menores --- Ordem dos Franciscanos --- Ordem Franciscana --- Orden de Frailes Menores --- Orden de los Frailes Menores --- Orden Franciscana --- Orden sv. Frant︠s︡iska --- Order of Friars Minor --- Ordine dei Frati Minori --- Ordine dei minori --- Ordre des frères franciscains mineurs --- Ordo Fratrum Minorum --- Reformati --- Reformed Franciscans --- Seraphic Order --- Capuchins --- Conventuals --- Franciscan Recollects --- Rome (City). --- Santa Maria in Aracoeli (Church : Rome, Italy) --- Santa Maria d'Araceli (Church : Rome, Italy) --- Santa Maria d'Aracoeli (Church : Rome, Italy) --- Rome (Italy) --- Buildings, structures, etc. --- 726 <37> --- 726 <45 ROMA> --- 271.3 <45> --- 271.3 <45> Franciskanen. Minderbroeders--Italië --- Franciskanen. Minderbroeders--Italië --- 726 <45 ROMA> Religieuze bouwkunst. Kerkelijke bouwkunst. Sacrale architectuur--Italië--ROMA --- Religieuze bouwkunst. Kerkelijke bouwkunst. Sacrale architectuur--Italië--ROMA --- 726 <37> Religieuze bouwkunst. Kerkelijke bouwkunst. Sacrale architectuur--Rome. Oud-Italië --- Religieuze bouwkunst. Kerkelijke bouwkunst. Sacrale architectuur--Rome. Oud-Italië --- Mariam Astuatsatsin, --- Meryem Ana, --- Virgen María, --- Ynang Maria, --- Roma --- Aracoeli