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La présence d'oasis dans le Sahara peut sembler une aberration écologique. Les palmeraies et les jardins qu'elles abritent sont en fait le fruit d'une conquête millénaire qui se poursuit encore aujourd'hui. Ces paysages artificiels, terroirs soigneusement façonnés et entretenus, sont l'archétype des systèmes naturels anthropisés. Cet ouvrage a été réalisé à partir d'enquêtes de terrain menées dans le Jérid tunisien, mais aussi dans le Tassili n'Ajjer (Djanet, Algérie) et l'oued Draa (Zagora, Maroc). Si cette perspective comparative révèle la diversité des pratiques et savoirs oasiens et des relations à l'environnement, elle met aussi en valeur les dynamiques locales qui se déploient au-delà de l'habituel dualisme entre tradition et modernité. Par ailleurs, plusieurs échelles d'étude, de la planche de cultures au jardin et du parcellaire à la palmeraie, permettent de souligner la variété des articulations entre facteurs écologiques, économiques et sociaux. Le Sahara cultivé n'offre pas une mais des natures oasiennes en constante évolution, construites à partir de cette richesse anthropologique.
Jardin --- gardens --- Arecaceae --- Plante alimentaire --- Food crops --- Communauté végétale --- Plant communities --- Irrigation --- Pratique culturale --- Cultivation --- Environnement socioéconomique --- socioeconomic environment --- Environnement socioculturel --- sociocultural environment --- Oasis --- Oases --- Désert du Sahara --- Sahara Desert --- Oases. --- Arid regions agriculture --- Jarīd, Shaṭṭ al- (Tunisia) --- Economic conditions. --- Social life and customs. --- Dryland agriculture --- Dryland farming --- Agriculture --- Crop zones --- Desert reclamation --- Chott Djerid (Tunisia) --- Chott el Djerid (Tunisia) --- Chott el Jerid (Tunisia) --- Djerid, Chott (Tunisia) --- Jerid, Chott el (Tunisia) --- Shaṭṭ al-Jarīd (Tunisia) --- système agraire --- Djérid --- oasis --- Tunisie --- désert --- exploitation agricole --- environnement --- Sahara
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This book is a reference work about the study of oases in the context of globalization. It is based on selected papers presented at the international colloquium entitled Oases in the Globalization, Ruptures and Continuities in Paris (December 16-17th, 2013). The main issue was to understand how oases have been excluded from or included into the process of globalization. In this context, the present book proposes firstly a discussion about the definition(s) of oasis and secondly several case studies analysing socio-spatial mutations in the oasis structure. The third part deals with the compelling globalization at different spatial scales, using two entries: the water management and local impacts of external control.
Geography. --- Climate change. --- Economic geography. --- Physical geography. --- Environmental geography. --- Environmental Geography. --- Physical Geography. --- Economic Geography. --- Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts. --- Oases. --- Deserts --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history --- Geography --- Changes, Climatic --- Changes in climate --- Climate change --- Climate change science --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic changes --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Geography, Economic --- World economics --- Commercial geography --- Environmental aspects --- Global environmental change
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