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This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online. Roman Britain is a critical area of research within the provinces of the Roman empire. Within the last 15-20 years, the study of Roman Britain has been transformed through an enormous amount of new and interesting work which is not reflected in the main stream literature.

Antiquités romaines --- Great Britain --- Grande-Bretagne --- History --- 55 B.C.-449 A.D. --- Great Britain. --- Histoire --- Britannien. --- Classical antiquities --- Great Britain - History - Roman period, 55 B.C.-449 A.D.

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Alongside analysing the oldest records of Roman inscriptions of Austria, this work particularly emphasizes the antiquarian-epigraphic collecting activity which can be noted in the area of Austria as a consequence of the spreading humanistic attitude. It focuses on the question, whether Augustinus Prygl Tyfernus is actually to be identified as the so-called "Antiquus Austriacus" as has been pleaded repeatedly. The examination of a number of relevant known and hitherto extensively unknown copies shows that the "Antiquus-Austriacus-Collection" is not a homogeneous compilation by a single "auctor antiquissimus" but rather an anthology derived from different copies of varying quality, collected by Johannes Fuchsmagen. Neben den ältesten Abschriften norischer Inschriften richtet sich der Blick vor allem auf die antiquarisch-epigraphische Sammeltätigkeit, die mit der Verbreitung humanistischen Gedankengutes auch im österreichischen Raum einsetzt. Besonderes Augenmerk gilt der Frage, ob der sogenannte "Antiquus Austriacus" tatsächlich mit Augustinus Prygl Tyfernus zu identifizieren ist, wofür bisher mehrfach plädiert worden ist. Durch die detaillierte Untersuchung und Gegenüberstellung bereits bekannter Sammlungen sowie bisher kaum beachteter Handschriften zeigt sich schliesslich, dass es sich bei der "Antiquus-Austriacus-Sammlung" nicht um eine homogene Zusammenstellung eines einzigen "auctor antiquissimus" handelt, sondern um ein Produkt aus unterschiedlichen Abschriften, hinter dem sich die Sammeltätigkeit von Johannes Fuchsmagen verbirgt.

Inscriptions, Latin --- Inscriptions --- Austria --- Antiquities, Roman. --- History --- Sources. --- Historiography. --- Antiquus Austriacus --- Epigraphy --- Humanism --- Johannes Fuchsmag(en) --- Manuscript Tradition --- Roman Period --- Epigraphik --- Humanismus --- Inschriften --- Österreich --- Römerzeit --- Überlieferung --- Augustinus von Hippo --- Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum --- Noricum --- Ptuj

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Double names have a long history in Egypt. They are already attested on Old Kingdom funerary monuments, where concern about eternal life required a correct identification of the deceased. When Greek and Egyptian cultures came into contact under the Ptolemies, bilingual polyonymy (i.e. the combination of an Egyptian and a Greek name) became more popular. During this period, Greek ethnicity was valued as a symbol of power and social status, and was used to create borders between the rulers and the ruled. At the same time, however, it was a flexible concept and this made it a useful tool for crossing the very same boundaries it constructed. As ethnicity became a crucial aspect of one's identity, it is not surprising that bilingual polyonymy was well attested among those that formed a bridge between the ruling class and the Egyptian population : particularly military, administrative and priestly officials. Since they moved between largely separated ethnic contexts, combining names of different linguistic origins was a way to negotiate their ethnic identities. Rather than serving as a reliable source for ethnic origin, names can therefore be interpreted as an expression of the ethnic identity of an individual in a certain space or context.

Names, Greek --- Names, Egyptian --- Names, Personal --- Ethnicity --- Greeks --- Noms grecs --- Noms égyptiens --- Noms de personnes --- Ethnicité --- Grecs --- History --- Histoire --- Egypt --- Egypte --- Civilization --- Greek influences --- Civilisation --- Influence grecque --- Civilization. --- Ethnicity. --- Greeks. --- Names, Greek. --- Names, Personal. --- Greek influences. --- 332 B.C.-640 A.D. --- Egypt. --- Academic collection --- Noms égyptiens --- Ethnicité --- Names [Greek ] --- Names [Personal ] --- 332 B.C.-638 A.D. --- Greco-Roman period, 332 BC-638 AD

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Mathematics in Ancient Egypt traces the development of Egyptian mathematics, from the end of the fourth millennium BC-and the earliest hints of writing and number notation-to the end of the pharaonic period in Greco-Roman times. Drawing from mathematical texts, architectural drawings, administrative documents, and other sources, Annette Imhausen surveys three thousand years of Egyptian history to present an integrated picture of theoretical mathematics in relation to the daily practices of Egyptian life and social structures.Imhausen shows that from the earliest beginnings, pharaonic civilization used numerical techniques to efficiently control and use their material resources and labor. Even during the Old Kingdom, a variety of metrological systems had already been devised. By the Middle Kingdom, procedures had been established to teach mathematical techniques to scribes in order to make them proficient administrators for their king. Imhausen looks at counterparts to the notation of zero, suggests an explanation for the evolution of unit fractions, and analyzes concepts of arithmetic techniques. She draws connections and comparisons to Mesopotamian mathematics, examines which individuals in Egyptian society held mathematical knowledge, and considers which scribes were trained in mathematical ideas and why.Of interest to historians of mathematics, mathematicians, Egyptologists, and all those curious about Egyptian culture, Mathematics in Ancient Egypt sheds new light on a civilization's unique mathematical evolution.

Mathematics, Egyptian. --- Mathematics --- Math --- History. --- Science --- Abusir papyri. --- Egyptian history. --- Egyptian mathematics. --- Egyptian number system. --- Fifth Dynasty. --- Greco-Roman Period. --- Harris I. --- King Scorpion. --- Late Egyptian Miscellanies. --- Maat. --- Mesopotamia. --- Middle Kingdom. --- New Kingdom. --- Old Kingdom. --- Papyrus Anastasi I. --- Papyrus Harris I. --- Papyrus Wilbour. --- Senmut 153. --- Turin 57170. --- Wilbour Papyrus. --- administration. --- ancient Egypt. --- ancient mathematics. --- architectural calculations. --- area units. --- arithmetic techniques. --- arithmetic. --- capacity units. --- cultural environment. --- daily life. --- decimal system. --- demotic mathematical texts. --- experts. --- fractions. --- funerary context. --- hieratic mathematical texts. --- historiography. --- inverse. --- king. --- land measurement. --- length units. --- literary texts. --- mathematical education. --- mathematical problems. --- mathematical procedure texts. --- mathematical techniques. --- mathematical texts. --- metrological tables. --- metrology. --- number notation. --- number system. --- numbers. --- ostraca. --- pharaonic history. --- place-value. --- rations. --- scribal culture. --- scribes. --- tomb U-j. --- unit fractions. --- weights. --- writing. --- zero.

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Lost in Egypt's honeycombed hills, distanced by its western desert, or rendered inaccessible by subsequent urban occupation, the monumental decorated tombs of the Graeco-Roman period have received little scholarly attention. This volume serves to redress this deficiency. It explores the narrative pictorial programs of a group of decorated tombs from Ptolemaic and Roman-period Egypt (ca.300 BCE-250 CE). Its aim is to recognize the tombs' commonalities and differences across ethnic divides and to determine the rationale that lies behind these connections and dissonances. This book sets the tomb programs within their social, political, and religious context and analyzes the manner in which the multicultural population of Graeco-Roman Egypt chose to negotiate death and the afterlife.

Narrative art --- Tombs --- Death --- Decoration and ornament --- Cultural pluralism --- Tombeaux --- Mort --- Décoration et ornement --- Art narratif --- Diversité culturelle --- Social aspects --- History --- Aspect social --- Histoire --- Egypt --- Egypte --- Antiquities. --- Ethnic relations --- Religious life and customs. --- Antiquités --- Relations interethniques --- Vie religieuse --- Art, Decorative --- Decorative art --- Decorative design --- Design, Decorative --- Nature in ornament --- Ornament --- Painting, Decorative --- Art --- Decorative arts --- Arts and crafts movement --- Dying --- End of life --- Life --- Terminal care --- Terminally ill --- Thanatology --- Mastabas --- Philosophy --- Égypte --- Ägypten --- Egitto --- Egipet --- Egiptos --- Miṣr --- Southern Region (United Arab Republic) --- Egyptian Region (United Arab Republic) --- Iqlīm al-Janūbī (United Arab Republic) --- Egyptian Territory (United Arab Republic) --- Egipat --- Arab Republic of Egypt --- A.R.E. --- ARE (Arab Republic of Egypt) --- Jumhūrīyat Miṣr al-ʻArabīyah --- Mitsrayim --- Egipt --- Ijiptʻŭ --- Misri --- Ancient Egypt --- Gouvernement royal égyptien --- جمهورية مصر العربية --- مِصر‎ --- مَصر‎ --- Maṣr --- Khēmi --- エジプト --- Ejiputo --- Egypti --- Egypten --- מצרים --- United Arab Republic --- Antiquities --- Religious life and customs --- Cultural diversity --- Diversity, Cultural --- Diversity, Religious --- Ethnic diversity --- Pluralism (Social sciences) --- Pluralism, Cultural --- Religious diversity --- Culture --- Cultural fusion --- Ethnicity --- Multiculturalism --- Art, Narrative --- Narrative art (Visual arts) --- Art genres --- Decoration and ornament, Primitive --- Tombs - Egypt --- Death - Social aspects - Egypt - History - To 1500 --- Decoration and ornament - Egypt - History - To 1500 --- Narrative art - Egypt - History - To 1500 --- Cultural pluralism - Egypt - History - To 1500 --- Egypt - Antiquities --- Egypt - History - Greco-Roman period, 332 B.C.-640 A.D. --- Egypt - Ethnic relations - History - To 1500 --- Egypt - Religious life and customs