Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

We remember Thomas Edison as the inventor of the incandescent light bulb, but he deserves credit for something much larger, an even more singular invention that profoundly changed the way the world works: the modern electric utility industry. Edison's light bulb was the first to work within a system where a utility generated electricity and distributed it to customers for lighting. The story of how electric utilities went within one generation from prototype to an indispensable part of most Americans' lives is a story about the relationships between political and technological change. John L. Neufeld offers a comprehensive historical treatment of the economics that shaped electric utilities. Compared with most industries, the organization of the electric utility industry is not-and cannot be-economically efficient. Most industries are kept by law in a state of fair competition, but the capital necessary to start an electric company-generators, transmission and distribution systems, and land and buildings-is so substantial that few companies can enter the market and compete. Therefore, the natural state of the electric utility industry since its inception has been a monopoly subject to government oversight. These characteristics of electric utilities-and electricity's importance-have created over time sharp political controversies, and changing public policies have dramatically changed the industry's structure to an extent matched by few other industries. Neufeld outlines the struggles that shaped the industry's development, and shows how the experience of electric utilities provides insight into the design of economic institutions, including today's new large-scale markets.

Electric utilities --- History. --- National Electric Light Association. --- business history. --- economic policy. --- electric utilities. --- government ownership. --- history. --- incentive alignment. --- industrial policy. --- industry structure. --- peak load. --- transaction-specific assets. --- unintended consequences.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Macroeconomic analysis in Lebanon presents a distinct challenge. For example, long delays in the publication of GDP data mean that our analysis often relies on proxy variables, and resembles an extended version of the “nowcasting” challenge familiar to many central banks. Addressing this problem—and mindful of the pitfalls of extracting information from a large number of correlated proxies—we explore some recent techniques from the machine learning literature. We focus on two popular techniques (Elastic Net regression and Random Forests) and provide an estimation procedure that is intuitively familiar and well suited to the challenging features of Lebanon’s data.

Macroeconomics --- Intelligence (AI) & Semantics --- Forecasting --- Simulation Methods --- Statistical Decision Theory --- Operations Research --- Model Evaluation and Selection --- Forecasting and Other Model Applications --- Computational Techniques --- Technological Change: Choices and Consequences --- Diffusion Processes --- Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Machine learning --- Economic growth --- Economic Forecasting --- Cyclical indicators --- Technology --- Economic forecasting --- Business cycles --- Lebanon

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Gas and oil are pivotal to the functioning of modern societies, yet the ownership, control, production and consumption of hydrocarbons often provokes intense disputes with serious ramifications. 'Gas, Oil and the Irish state' examines the dynamics and conflicts of state hydrocarbon management and provides a comprehensive study of the Irish model.

Energy policy --- Gas companies --- Gas industry --- Energy and state --- Power resources --- State and energy --- Industrial policy --- Energy conservation --- Natural gas companies --- Natural gas utilities --- Public utilities --- Natural gas industry --- Energy industries --- Management --- Government policy --- Affordable and clean energy. --- Climate action. --- Consequences of hydrocarbon production. --- Global trends. --- Irish approach Corrib gas conflict. --- Ownership, control and production of gas and oil. --- Political economy. --- Responsible consumption and production. --- State hydrocarbon management.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book examines the religious and ideological consequences of mass conversion in Iberia, where Jews and Muslims were forcibly converted or expelled at the end of the XVth century and beginning of the XVIth, and in this way it explores the fraught relationship between origins and faith. It treats also of the consequences of coercion on intellectual debates and the production of knowledge, taking into account how integrating new converts from Judaism and Islam stimulated Christian scholars to confront the converts’ sacred texts and created a distinctive peninsular hermeneutics. The book thus assesses the importance of the “Converso problem” in issues such as religious dissidence, dissimulation, and doubt and skepticism while establishing the process by which religious dissidence came to be categorized as heresy and was identified with converts from Judaism and Islam even when Lutheranism was often in the background.

Jews --- Christian converts from Islam --- Muslims --- Conversion to Christianity --- History --- 1400-1499 --- Spain --- Mohammedans --- Moors (People) --- Moslems --- Muhammadans --- Musalmans --- Mussalmans --- Mussulmans --- Mussulmen --- Religious adherents --- Islam --- Conversion --- Christian converts from Judaism --- Jewish Christians --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewish question --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Semites --- Judaism --- Converts from Islam --- Converts from Islam to Christianity --- Gerush Sefarad, Spain, 1492 --- Expulsion of the Jews, Spain, 1492 --- Gerush ha-Yehudim mi-Sefarad, Spain, 1492 --- Christianity --- Persecutions --- Migrations --- Espagne --- Espainiako Erresuma --- España --- Espanha --- Espanja --- Espanya --- Estado Español --- Hispania --- Hiszpania --- Isupania --- Kingdom of Spain --- Regne d'Espanya --- Reiaume d'Espanha --- Reino de España --- Reino d'Espanya --- Reinu d'España --- Sefarad --- Sepharad --- Shpanie --- Shpanye --- Spanien --- Spanish State --- Supein --- Iberia --- religion --- ideological consequences --- jews --- muslims --- history --- Arabic --- Juan Andrés --- Quran