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La réforme du calendrier occidental en 1582 est à l’origine du calendrier grégorien actuel. Il s’agissait d’apporter un remède à plusieurs défauts du calendrier julien, en usage jusqu’alors, fondé sur une durée insuffisamment précise de l’année solaire et des mois lunaires. Au fil des siècles, la date de Pâques, fête centrale du calendrier chrétien, censée survenir aussitôt après la première pleine lune de printemps, devenait peu à peu une fiction et l’occasion d’un scandale grandissant dans l’Église. La genèse de la réforme grégorienne du calendrier fut longue. Après avoir été surtout débattue entre astronomes, la question du calendrier fut mise à l’ordre du jour des grands conciles du XVe siècle : à Rome, à Constance, et plus encore à Bâle. Au-delà de ses aspects scientifiques, le sujet fut enfin abordé de manière pratique, suscitant réticences et enthousiasmes. Ces discussions donnèrent lieu à plusieurs textes importants, ici édités et traduits, qui témoignent à la fois des connaissances scientifiques de l’époque, de la vie de l’Église, des relations entre Orient et Occident : Exhortatio super kalendarii correctione de Pierre d’Ailly, Tractatus Phase, Phaselexis et Compendium paschale de Hermann Zoest, Kalendarium de Johannes Keck. Une introduction permet de comprendre le contexte et les rebondissements, de comparer les hypothèses scientifiques et les solutions pratiques.

Concile de Bâle-Florence, --- Calendrier (chronologie) --- Réforme --- Concile de Constance, --- Church calendar --- Calendar reform --- Calendrier liturgique --- Calendrier --- History --- Sources --- Histoire --- Council of Constance --- Council of Basel --- Calendar, Gregorian --- Calendrier grégorien --- Calendrier grégorien --- Réforme

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Calendar, Roman --- Calendar --- Calendrier romain --- Calendrier --- Chronology, Roman --- Calendars --- Calendar art --- History --- Conservation and restoration --- Philocalus, Furius Dionysius, --- Polemius, Silvius, --- Manuscripts --- Rome --- Sources --- Chronology, Roman - History --- Calendars - Rome - Early works to 1800 --- Calendar art - Conservation and restoration - Pictorial works --- Chronographe de 354 --- Polemius Silvius --- Philocalus, Furius Dionysius, - active 4th century - Manuscripts --- Polemius, Silvius, - active 440? - Manuscripts --- Rome - History - Sources --- Philocalus, Furius Dionysius, - active 4th century --- Polemius, Silvius, - active 440?

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Neither in Dark Speeches nor in Similitudes is an interdisciplinary collaboration of Canadian and American Jewish studies scholars who compare and contrast the experience of Jews along the chronological spectrum (ca. 1763 to the present) in their respective countries. Of particular interest to them is determining the factors that shaped the Jewish communities on either side of our common border, and why they differed. This collection equips Canadian and American Jewish historians to broaden their examination and ask new questions, as well as answer old questions based on fresh comparative data.

Jews --- History. --- United States --- Canada --- Ethnic relations. --- Ashkenazim. --- British Columbia. --- Calendar. --- California. --- Canada. --- Colonial period. --- Farmers. --- French heritage. --- Gold rush. --- Jews. --- Louisiana. --- Mizrahi. --- Music composers. --- New York. --- North America. --- Ontario. --- Quebec. --- Rabbi. --- Sephardi. --- Tuberculosis Sanatorium. --- United States. --- Washington. --- Yukon.

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This book presents a systematic design methodology for decoding the interior structure of the Antikythera mechanism, an astronomical device from ancient Greece. The historical background, surviving evidence and reconstructions of the mechanism are introduced, and the historical development of astronomical achievements and various astronomical instruments are investigated. Pursuing an approach based on the conceptual design of modern mechanisms and bearing in mind the standards of science and technology at the time, all feasible designs of the six lost/incomplete/unclear subsystems are synthesized as illustrated examples, and 48 feasible designs of the complete interior structure are presented. This approach provides not only a logical tool for applying modern mechanical engineering knowledge to the reconstruction of the Antikythera mechanism, but also an innovative research direction for identifying the original structures of the mechanism in the future. In short, the book offers valuable new insights for all readers who are interested in the Antikythera mechanism.

Physics - General --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Antikythera mechanism (Ancient calculator) --- Astronomical clocks --- Calendar, Greek. --- History. --- Greek calendar --- Clocks, Astronomical --- Astronomical instruments --- Clocks and watches --- Mathematical instruments --- Engineering. --- Science --- History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics. --- Machinery and Machine Elements. --- Science Education. --- History of Science. --- Study and teaching. --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Science education --- Scientific education --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Physics. --- Machinery. --- Science education. --- Machinery --- Machines --- Manufactures --- Power (Mechanics) --- Mechanical engineering --- Motors --- Power transmission --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Curious devices

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Un essai, abondamment illustré, sur la place, la fonction et la symbolique de la représentation de l'animal en peinture, de la Renaissance au XIXe siècle. ©Electre 2016

Time --- Indians of Central America --- Mayas --- Indians of South America --- Indian chronology --- Maya chronology --- Indian calendar --- Temps --- Indiens d'Amérique --- Chronologie indienne d'Amérique --- Chronologie maya --- Calendrier indien d'Amérique --- Social aspects --- History --- Congresses --- Social life and customs --- Congresses. --- Aspect social --- Histoire --- Congrès --- Moeurs et coutumes --- Iconographie --- Animal (thème) --- Histoire de la peinture --- Painting --- iconography --- animal art --- Animalia [kingdom] --- anno 1500-1799 --- anno 1800-1899 --- Western Europe --- Zoology --- Indiens d'Amérique --- Chronologie indienne d'Amérique --- Calendrier indien d'Amérique --- Congrès