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Jim Yong Kim, President of the World Bank Group, discusses strategies to address inequality that even the poorest nations can adopt, whether through conditional cash transfers, connecting farmers to markets or rural electrification. The lesson is that inequality is not an unsolvable mystery. Pro-equality policies are not luxury goods and can work in any country. Economic growth must be more robust and more inclusive and human capital investments have to grow in size and effectiveness.

Climate change --- Conditional cash transfers --- Drinking water --- Energy --- Inequality --- Infrastructure --- Labor markets --- Poverty reduction --- Public-private partnerships --- Refugees --- Social protections and labor

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Africa is a region with enormous potential for private investors. It is a continent in transition, with rapid urbanization, increasingstability, a young and growing population, expanding internet connectivity, rising incomes, and shifting consumption patterns. Taken together, these enduring trends have created an abundance of commercial opportunities across the continent and turned the region into a place that investors cannot afford to ignore. Yet declining commodity prices, depreciating currencies and slowing global growth have increased uncertainty on the continent and sharply reduced liquidity that companies had used to expand activities in recent years. Economies face a significant challenge to diversify and export a wider range of goods and services.Even before recent global economic turmoil emerged, investor activity in Africa was constrained by structural obstacles and a lack of financing options that often inhibited the effective distribution and mitigation of risk associated with large-scale or long-term projects. Fortunately, companies looking to seize still significant opportunities in Africa can benefit from additional sources of financing, as well as tools that crowd in more private sector participants and mitigate risk, spreading it among different investor classes and over longer timeframes. Tools such as blended finance, co-financing, local debt and equity instruments, private equity, and public-private partnerships are being deployed in Africa in new ways that address risks associated with low-income and fragile states. They provide innovative paths to securing financing on a scale that can match the scope of business opportunities and help manage risk in high-growthAfrican markets.

Access to Finance --- Capital Markets --- Capital Markets and Capital Flows --- Finance --- Finance and Development --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Private Sector Development --- Private Sector Economics --- Public-Private Partnerships --- Risk Management

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Public sector innovation is important because the pressures of growing expectations from citizens, budget crunches, and a surge of complex governance problems cannot be solved by standard government solutions or increased funding. In order to innovate, government increasingly needs to collaborate with networks of partners across agency boundaries and especially with the nonprofit and private sectors to find new solutions. This interaction within a network can enhance creative and effective governance solutions. In this book, Jacob Torfing closely examines the link between network-based collaborative governance and innovation, proposes a framework for the study of collaborative innovation, and discusses this approach in light of theoretical insights from other disciplines and from examples of public innovation drawn from the United States, Europe, and Australia. This book will move scholars closer to being able to develop a theory of collaborative innovation.

Public administration --- Intergovernmental cooperation. --- Public-private sector cooperation. --- Public administration. --- Cooperative government arrangements --- Cooperation --- Interagency coordination --- Private-public partnerships --- Private-public sector cooperation --- Public-private partnerships --- Public-private sector collaboration --- Administration, Public --- Delivery of government services --- Government services, Delivery of --- Public management --- Public sector management --- Political science --- Administrative law --- Decentralization in government --- Local government --- Public officers

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This paper explores the macroeconomic effects of improving public infrastructure in the Philippines. After benchmarking the Philippines relative to its neighbors in terms of level of public capital and quality of public infrastructure, and public investment efficiency, it uses model simulations to assess the macroeconomic implications of raising public investment and improving public investment efficiency. The main results are as follows: (i) increasing public infrastructure investment results in sustained gains in output; (ii) the effects of improving public investment efficiency are substantial; and (iii) deficit-financed increases in public investment lead to higher borrowing costs that constrain output increases over time, underscoring the importance of revenue mobilization.

Infrastructure --- Investments: General --- Public Finance --- Investment --- Capital --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- Fiscal Policy --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Public finance & taxation --- Macroeconomics --- Public investment spending --- Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP) --- Public debt --- Private investment --- Expenditure --- National accounts --- Public investments --- Public-private sector cooperation --- Saving and investment --- Debts, Public --- Philippines

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This paper investigates the emerging global landscape for public-private co-investments in infrastructure. The creation of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and other so-called “infrastructure investment platforms” are an attempt to tap into the pool of both public and private long-term savings in order to channel the latter into much needed infrastructure projects. This paper puts these new initiatives into perspective by critically reviewing the literature and experience with public private partnerships in infrastructure. It concludes by identifying the main challenges policy makers and other actors will need to confront going forward and to turn infrastructure into an asset class of its own.

Public-private sector cooperation --- Infrastructure (Economics) --- Saving and investment --- Accumulation, Capital --- Capital accumulation --- Capital formation --- Investment and saving --- Saving and thrift --- Capital --- Supply-side economics --- Wealth --- Investments --- Capital, Social (Economics) --- Economic infrastructure --- Social capital (Economics) --- Social infrastructure --- Social overhead capital --- Economic development --- Human settlements --- Public goods --- Public works --- Private-public partnerships --- Private-public sector cooperation --- Public-private partnerships --- Public-private sector collaboration --- Cooperation --- Financial Risk Management --- Infrastructure --- Investments: Stocks --- Public Finance --- Industries: Financial Services --- Macroeconomics --- Investment --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Financial Institutions and Services: General --- Pension Funds --- Non-bank Financial Institutions --- Financial Instruments --- Institutional Investors --- Comparison of Public and Private Enterprises and Nonprofit Institutions --- Privatization --- Contracting Out --- Finance --- Public finance & taxation --- Investment & securities --- Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP) --- Multilateral development institutions --- Sovereign wealth funds --- Stocks --- National accounts --- Expenditure --- Asset and liability management --- Financial institutions --- Economic sectors --- Development banks --- Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China