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This book explores Joseph Ratzinger's and Hans Urs von Balthasar's theological understanding of personhood in relation to human nature, which was grounded in the early Church's teaching on Christ and the Trinity. Making use of recent psychological theory, it explores the numerous possibilities opened up by Ratzinger's and Bathasar's work.

Personalism.

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The Constitution of 1 May 1934 saw an attempt made in Austria to create an alternative to parliamentary democracy in the form of an order based on the professional "Stand" (corporation). The failure of this attempt was due to the nature of the "Stand" itself which, as something organically grown, is not accessible to institutionalisation. In reality, the corporation was just a means of enabling conservative thinking, in a much wider sense, to influence politics, a hangover of traditional forms of rule. Mit der Verfassung vom 1. Mai 1934 wurde in Österreich versucht, der parlamentarischen Demokratie in Gestalt einer berufsständischen Ordnung eine Alternative entgegenzusetzen. Die Versuche ständischen "Aufbaus" gingen indes ins Leere, weil der Stand seinem Wesen nach etwas natürlich Gewachsenes, einer Institutionalisierung nicht Zugängliches ist. In Wirklichkeit war der Berufsstand nur der Rahmen, konservativem Denken in einem viel umfassenderen Sinn, und nicht ohne Reminiszenzen traditionaler Herrschaft, eine Möglichkeit zu schaffen, die Politik zu beeinflussen.

Fascism --- Conservatism --- Parliamentary democracy --- order based on the professional “Stand” (corporation) --- Natural Law --- Catholic social teaching --- personalism --- conservative thinking --- traditional forms of rule --- authoritarianism --- totalitarianism --- resistance to Nazism --- political utopia --- Parlamentarische Demokratie --- berufsständische Ordnung --- Naturrecht --- katholische Soziallehre --- Personalismus --- konservatives Denken --- traditionale Herrschaft --- autoritäre Herrschaft --- Totalitarismus --- Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus --- politische Utopie --- Österreich --- History. --- History. --- Austria --- Austria --- Austria --- History --- Politics and government --- Social conditions --- Parliamentary democracy --- order based on the professional “Stand” (corporation) --- Natural Law --- Catholic social teaching --- personalism --- conservative thinking --- traditional forms of rule --- authoritarianism --- totalitarianism --- resistance to Nazism --- political utopia --- Parlamentarische Demokratie --- berufsständische Ordnung --- Naturrecht --- katholische Soziallehre --- Personalismus --- konservatives Denken --- traditionale Herrschaft --- autoritäre Herrschaft --- Totalitarismus --- Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus --- politische Utopie --- Österreich

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The Constitution of 1 May 1934 saw an attempt made in Austria to create an alternative to parliamentary democracy in the form of an order based on the professional "Stand" (corporation). The failure of this attempt was due to the nature of the "Stand" itself which, as something organically grown, is not accessible to institutionalisation. In reality, the corporation was just a means of enabling conservative thinking, in a much wider sense, to influence politics, a hangover of traditional forms of rule. Mit der Verfassung vom 1. Mai 1934 wurde in Österreich versucht, der parlamentarischen Demokratie in Gestalt einer berufsständischen Ordnung eine Alternative entgegenzusetzen. Die Versuche ständischen "Aufbaus" gingen indes ins Leere, weil der Stand seinem Wesen nach etwas natürlich Gewachsenes, einer Institutionalisierung nicht Zugängliches ist. In Wirklichkeit war der Berufsstand nur der Rahmen, konservativem Denken in einem viel umfassenderen Sinn, und nicht ohne Reminiszenzen traditionaler Herrschaft, eine Möglichkeit zu schaffen, die Politik zu beeinflussen.

Fascism --- Conservatism --- History. --- History. --- Austria --- Austria --- Austria --- History --- Politics and government --- Social conditions --- Parliamentary democracy --- order based on the professional “Stand” (corporation) --- Natural Law --- Catholic social teaching --- personalism --- conservative thinking --- traditional forms of rule --- authoritarianism --- totalitarianism --- resistance to Nazism --- political utopia --- Parlamentarische Demokratie --- berufsständische Ordnung --- Naturrecht --- katholische Soziallehre --- Personalismus --- konservatives Denken --- traditionale Herrschaft --- autoritäre Herrschaft --- Totalitarismus --- Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus --- politische Utopie --- Österreich

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This work provides a fresh interpretation of Henry Thoreau's political theory through a comprehensive interpretation of public and private writings. While recent critics have opened new vistas in Thoreau interpretation, little attention has been paid to Thoreau's journals and correspondence.

Thoreau, Henry David, --- Thoreau, Henry David --- Thoreau, Henry D. --- Toro, Genri Devid, --- Thoreau, Henry, --- Toro, Henri Dejvid, --- Thorō, Enry Deēvint, --- So-lo, --- Toro, Henri Daṿid, --- Thoreau, David Henry, --- Sorō, Henrī Deividdo, --- טהארא, הענרי דייוויד --- טהארא, הענרי דײװיד --- תורו, הנרי דוד --- תורו, הנרי דוד, --- 梭罗, --- ソロー ヘンリー・デイヴィッド, --- Individualism. --- Simplicity. --- Democracy. --- Conduct of life. --- Ethics, Practical --- Morals --- Personal conduct --- Ethics --- Philosophical counseling --- Self-government --- Political science --- Equality --- Representative government and representation --- Republics --- Conduct of life --- Economics --- Self-interest --- Sociology --- Libertarianism --- Personalism --- Persons

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An elaborate and pervasive set of practices, called guanxi, underlies everyday social relationships in contemporary China. Obtaining and changing job assignments, buying certain foods and consumer items, getting into good hospitals, buying train tickets, obtaining housing, even doing business-all such tasks call for the skillful and strategic giving of gifts and cultivating of obligation, indebtedness, and reciprocity. Mayfair Mei-hui Yang's close scrutiny of this phenomenon serves as a window to view facets of a much broader and more complex cultural, historical, and political formation. Using rich and varied ethnographic examples of guanxi stemming from her fieldwork in China in the 1980s and 1990s, the author shows how this "gift economy" operates in the larger context of the socialist state redistributive economy.

Civil society --- Communism and individualism --- Individualism --- Gifts --- Social networks --- Social interaction --- Individualism and communism --- Economics --- Equality --- Political science --- Self-interest --- Sociology --- Libertarianism --- Personalism --- Persons --- Donations --- Presents --- Generosity --- Manners and customs --- Free material --- Networking, Social --- Networks, Social --- Social networking --- Social support systems --- Support systems, Social --- Interpersonal relations --- Cliques (Sociology) --- Microblogs --- Human interaction --- Interaction, Social --- Symbolic interaction --- Exchange theory (Sociology) --- Psychology --- Social psychology --- China --- Politics and government. --- S11/0570 --- S11/0600 --- China: Social sciences--Guanxi --- China: Social sciences--Customs, etiquette --- Société civile --- Communisme et individualisme --- Cadeaux --- Interaction sociale --- Réseaux sociaux --- Chine --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement