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In an era of globalisation, issues of language diversity have economic and political implications. Transnational labour mobility, trade, social inclusion of migrants, democracy in multilingual countries, and companies' international competitiveness all have a linguistic dimension; yet economists in general do not include language as a variable in their research. This volume demonstrates that the application of rigorous economic theories and research methods to issues of language policy yields valuable insights.

Multicultural education. --- Multilingualism. --- Linguistic minorities. --- Language policy. --- Glottopolitics --- Institutional linguistics --- Language and languages --- Language and state --- Languages, National --- Languages, Official --- National languages --- Official languages --- State and language --- Communication policy --- Language planning --- Minority languages --- Minorities --- Sociolinguistics --- Plurilingualism --- Polyglottism --- Intercultural education --- Education --- Culturally relevant pedagogy --- Government policy --- Political aspects --- Language policy --- Linguistic minorities --- Multilingualism --- Multicultural education --- Economic aspects --- E-books --- Culturally sustaining pedagogy --- Minoritized languages

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‘This volume is an ambitious undertaking, fruit of meticulous research and deep reflection. Professor Kamwangamalu’s panoramic assessment of language planning, economics and game theory in colonial, post-colonial and globalised sub-Saharan African settings brilliantly deploys notions of ‘prestige planning’ to recurring dilemmas about the choices of medium of instruction in schooling and language choices in public and private institutions. This volume is groundbreaking theoretically and methodologically, but remains grounded in the real world needs of diverse African communities in their unique historical experiences of colonialism and their modern trajectories in an increasingly interlinked world. Professor Kamwangamalu’s reinvigoration of the framework of ‘prestige’ in language and how it can be activated adds great practical value to his impressive scholarly achievement.’ —Joseph Lo Bianco, Professor, The University of Melbourne, Australia This book addresses the perennial question of how to promote Africa’s indigenous languages as medium of instruction in educational systems. Breaking with the traditional approach to the continent’s language question by focusing on the often overlooked issue of the link between African languages and economic development, Language Policy and Economics considers African languages an integral part of a nation’s socio-political and economic development. Therefore, the book argues that any language policy designed to promote these languages in such higher domains as the educational system in particular must have economic advantages if the intent is to succeed, and proposes Prestige Planning as the way to address this issue. The proposition is a welcome break away from language policies which pay lip-service to the empowerment of African languages while, by default, strengthening the stranglehold of imported European languages. Nkonko M. Kamwangamalu is Professor of Linguistics at Howard University, Washington, DC. He is co-Editor of Current Issues in Language Planning, author of The Language Situation in South Africa (2004), of articles in Chicago Linguistic Society, Georgetown Round Table on Languages and Linguistics, Multilingua, Applied Linguistics, Journal of Asian Pacific Communication, World Englishes, Language Problems and Language Planning, Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, Journal of Creative Communications, Studies in the Linguistic Sciences, TESOL Quarterly, Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, International Journal of the Sociology of Language, to name a few, and of chapters in edited collections.

Linguistics. --- African languages. --- Multilingualism. --- Language policy. --- Game theory. --- Economic policy. --- Language Policy and Planning. --- African Languages. --- Economic Policy. --- Game Theory. --- Language policy --- Glottopolitics --- Institutional linguistics --- Language and languages --- Language and state --- Languages, National --- Languages, Official --- National languages --- Official languages --- State and language --- Government policy --- Communication policy --- Language planning --- Games, Theory of --- Theory of games --- Mathematical models --- Mathematics --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Economics --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- Plurilingualism --- Polyglottism

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The appointment of Nelson Mandela as President of South Africa in 1994 signalled the end of apartheid and transition to a new democratic constitution. This book studies discursive trends during the first twenty years of the new democracy, outlining the highlights and challenges of transforming policy, practice and discursive formations. The book analyses a range of discourses which signal how and by what processes the linguistic landscape and identities of South Africa’s inhabitants have changed in this time, finding that struggles in South African politics go hand in hand with shifts in the linguistic landscape. In a country now characterised by multilingualism, heteroglossia, polyphony and translanguaging, the author debates where the discourse practices of those born post-1994 may lead.

Language policy --- Discourse analysis --- Post-apartheid era --- Linguistics --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Language and languages --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Semantics --- Semiotics --- Glottopolitics --- Institutional linguistics --- Language and state --- Languages, National --- Languages, Official --- National languages --- Official languages --- State and language --- Communication policy --- Language planning --- History. --- Political aspects --- Government policy --- South Africa --- History --- ANC. --- African National Congress . --- African languages. --- Democracy. --- Discourse analysis. --- Government. --- Heteroglossia. --- Linguistic identity. --- Linguistic landscape . --- Oral tradition. --- Political rhetoric. --- Politics. --- Post-Apartheid South Africa. --- South Africa. --- South African Black English. --- Translanguaging.

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This volume explores why Americans are among the least likely in the world to speak another language and how this U.S. foreign language deficit negatively impacts national and economic security, business and career prospects. Stein-Smith exposes how individuals are disadvantaged through their inability to effectively navigate the global workplace and multicultural communities, how their career options are limited by the foreign language deficit, and even how their ability to enjoy travel abroad and cultural pursuits is diminished. Through exploring the impact of the U.S. foreign language deficit, the author speaks to the stakeholders and partners in the campaign for foreign languages, offering guidance on what can and should be done to address it. She examines the next steps needed to develop specific career pathways that will meet the current and future needs of government, business, and industry, and empower foreign language learners through curriculum and career preparation. Kathleen Stein-Smith is Associate University Librarian at Fairleigh Dickinson University — Metropolitan Campus, USA, and Chair of AATF Commission on Advocacy and member of ATA Education & Pedagogy Committee. She has taught foreign languages at high school and college level, taught adult learners, delivered TEDx talk on the U.S. foreign language deficit, and is author of 2 books and several articles.

Linguistics. --- Multilingualism. --- Language policy. --- Language and education. --- Education --- Education and state. --- Language Policy and Planning. --- Language Education. --- Education Economics. --- Education Policy. --- Economic aspects. --- Language and languages --- Language policy --- National security --- Study and teaching --- Economic aspects --- Foreign languages --- Languages --- Homeland defense --- Homeland security --- Anthropology --- Communication --- Ethnology --- Information theory --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Philology --- Linguistics --- Language and languages. --- Education-Economic aspects. --- Education policy --- Educational policy --- State and education --- Social policy --- Endowment of research --- Plurilingualism --- Polyglottism --- Glottopolitics --- Institutional linguistics --- Language and state --- Languages, National --- Languages, Official --- National languages --- Official languages --- State and language --- Communication policy --- Language planning --- Government policy --- Education—Economic aspects. --- Educational linguistics

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This book brings together the fields of language policy and discourse studies from a multidisciplinary theoretical, methodological and empirical perspective. The chapters in this volume are written by international scholars active in the field of language policy and planning and discourse studies. The diverse research contexts range from education in Paraguay and Luxembourg via businesses in Wales to regional English language policies in Tajikistan. Readers are thereby invited to think critically about the mutual relationship between language policy and discourse in a range of social, political, economic and cultural spheres. Using approaches that draw on discourse-analytic, anthropological, ethnographic and critical sociolinguistic frameworks, the contributors in this collection explore and refine the ‘discursive’ and the ‘critical’ aspects of language policy as a multilayered, fluid, ideological, discursive and social process that can operate as a tool of social change as well as reinforcing established power structures and inequalities. Elisabeth Barakos is a Lecturer in Applied Linguistics at Aston University, Birmingham, UK. Her research interests focus on language policy discourse and practice, multilingualism and language in the workplace from a critical sociolinguistic perspective. Johann W. Unger is a Lecturer and Academic Director of Summer Programmes at Lancaster University. He researches mainly in the areas of language policy and digitally mediated politics from a critical discourse studies perspective. His 2013 monograph The Discursive Construction of the Scots Language deals extensively with language policy.

Linguistics. --- Historical linguistics. --- Sociolinguistics. --- Discourse analysis. --- Language policy. --- Discourse Analysis. --- Language Policy and Planning. --- Historical Linguistics. --- Glottopolitics --- Institutional linguistics --- Language and languages --- Language and state --- Languages, National --- Languages, Official --- National languages --- Official languages --- State and language --- Government policy --- Communication policy --- Language planning --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Language and society --- Society and language --- Sociology of language --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Sociology --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school) --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Semantics --- Semiotics --- Social aspects --- Sociological aspects --- Diachronic linguistics --- Dynamic linguistics --- Evolutionary linguistics --- Language and history --- History