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This book provides details of the calculation of the interaction between two neutral polarizable atoms or molecules using molecular quantum electrodynamics (QED). To better understand the origin of this force, it briefly outlines molecular QED theory, the well-known van der Waals dispersion potential first evaluated by Casimir and Polder, who accounted for retardation effects. It presents different calculation schemes for the evaluation of the dispersion potential and also discusses energy shifts involving electric quadrupole and octupole moments, along with discriminatory dispersion potentials. Further, it explores in detail non-additive dispersion interaction energies between three-bodies, as well as the effects of higher multipole moment correction terms, and provides results for specific geometries such as collinear and equilateral triangles. Lastly, it computes near and far-zone asymptotic limits for both pair and many-body potentials, with the former shown to agree with less rigorous semi-classical calculations.

Chemistry. --- Chemometrics. --- Physical chemistry. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical. --- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Math. Applications in Chemistry. --- Van der Waals forces. --- Atoms --- Molecules --- Polarization (Electricity) --- Quasimolecules --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Chemistry --- Mathematics. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Physical sciences --- Intermolecular forces --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Analytical chemistry --- Mathematics --- Measurement --- Statistical methods

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Chemical structure and bonding. The scope of the series spans the entire Periodic Table and addresses structure and bonding issues associated with all of the elements. It also focuses attention on new and developing areas of modern structural and theoretical chemistry such as nanostructures, molecular electronics, designed molecular solids, surfaces, metal clusters and supramolecular structures. Physical and spectroscopic techniques used to determine, examine and model structures fall within the purview of Structure and Bonding to the extent that the focus is on the scientific results obtained and not on specialist information concerning the techniques themselves. Issues associated with the development of bonding models and generalizations that illuminate the reactivity pathways and rates of chemical processes are also relevant. The individual volumes in the series are thematic. The goal of each volume is to give the reader, whether at a university or in industry, a comprehensive overview of an area where new insights are emerging that are of interest to a larger scientific audience.

Chemistry. --- Fossil fuels. --- Physical chemistry. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical. --- Chemical engineering. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry. --- Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering. --- Fossil Fuels (incl. Carbon Capture). --- Chemistry, Industrial --- Engineering, Chemical --- Industrial chemistry --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Fossil energy --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Engineering --- Chemistry, Technical --- Metallurgy --- Physical sciences --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Fuel --- Energy minerals --- Chemistry --- Petroleum --- Analysis.

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The steric and stereoelectronic effects control the rate and stereochemical outcome of reactions. Hence, a decent understanding of the related concepts is essential for successful synthetic planning. The book attempts to address several important issues related to these concepts in a simplified manner, and is intended for graduate students. It lays stress on the important aspects of steric and stereoelectronic effects and their control on the conformational profile and reactivity features. The book covers the geometrical requirements for reactions at saturated and unsaturated carbons in both cyclic and acyclic systems, and the resultant stereochemical features. The aspect of geometrical flexibility is also covered with a few examples involving intramolecular reactions. It deals with the facial selectivity of nucleophilic additions to acyclic and cyclic carbonyl compounds, and explains how the steric and stereoelectronic effects control the same. The work comments on allylic strains and their stereochemical control on different reactions with the related conformational control. It is a must read to understand the control elements, the prominent among these elements are spiro-conjugation, periselectivity, torquoselectivity, a-effect, Hammett’s substituent constants, Hammond postulate, and Curtin-Hammett principle.

Chemistry. --- Organic chemistry. --- Physical chemistry. --- Organic Chemistry. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Stereochemistry. --- Chemistry, Organic. --- Organic chemistry --- Atoms --- Molecular asymmetry --- Space arrangement --- Chemistry --- Chemical structure --- Isomerism --- Polarization (Light) --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry

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Daniel Halwidl presents the development of an effusive molecular beam apparatus, which allows the dosing of gases, liquids, and solids in ultra-high vacuum. The apparatus is designed to adsorb precise and reproducible doses to a defined area on metal oxide samples, which is required in Temperature Programmed Desorption and other surface chemistry experiments. The design and the construction of the apparatus is described. The properties of the molecular beam are experimentally confirmed. The beam profile has a core diameter of 3.5 mm and a standard core pressure of 4 x 10-8 mbar, while the background pressure is 4 orders of magnitude lower. Contents Flow of Gases Effusive Molecular Beam Sources Molecular Beam Target Groups Researchers and students in the fields of surface physics and surface chemistry The Author Daniel Halwidl finished his master thesis under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Ulrike Diebold at the Institute of Applied Physics at the TU Wien. Currently, he is researching the fundamentals of the surface chemistry of perovskite-based solid oxide fuel cell materials to obtain his PhD.

Physical & Theoretical Chemistry --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Molecular beams. --- Molecular rays --- Positive rays --- Molecular dynamics --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Catalysis. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Activation (Chemistry) --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Surface chemistry --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Physical chemistry. --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry

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Learning the basics of physical chemistry with a unique, innovative approach. Georg Job and Regina Rueffler introduce readers to an almost intuitive understanding of the two fundamental concepts, chemical potential and entropy. Avoiding complex mathematics, these concepts are illustrated with the help of numerous demonstration experiments. Using these concepts, the subjects of chemical equilibria, kinetics and electrochemistry are presented at an undergraduate level. The basic quantities and equations necessary for the qualitative and quantitative description of chemical transformations are introduced by using everyday experiences and particularly more than one hundred illustrative experiments, many presented online as videos. These are in turn supplemented by nearly 400 figures, and by learning objectives for each chapter. From a review of the German edition: “This book is the most revolutionary textbook on physical chemistry that has been published in the last few decades.”.

Physical & Theoretical Chemistry --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Thermodynamics. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Heat --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical. --- Physical chemistry. --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry