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L' eau et d' asphalte, le dernier volume de la série UFO, enquête sur la séparation croissante des quartiers résidentiels et industriels de la région métropolitaine de Venise. L’ouvrage se base sur un vaste projet de recherche à l'Universita IUAV de Venise portant sur la densité et l'étalement urbain. La région métropolitaine autour de la célèbre "Sernenissima" est densément peuplée et est traversée par des réseaux de routes et de voies d'eau. Il sert de test idéal pour imaginer le concept « Isotropy ». Les chercheurs soutiennent que les conditions existent maintenant pour reconcevoir l'espace isotrope à Venise avec un accent sur le système d'eau, les routes et les transports publics, la mobilité alternative, les formes de protection sociale, l'agriculture innovante, et la production décentralisée d'énergie. Avec les contributions de Mariano Andreani, Agostino Cappelli, Chiara Cavalieri, Lorenzo Fabian, Viviana Ferrario, Irene Guida, Paola Pellegrini, Bernardo Secchi, Luisa Siotto, Paola Viganò et Giambattista Zaccariotto.

Etalement urbain --- Densité urbaine --- Développement urbain --- Espace urbain --- Mobilité urbaine --- Venise --- Landscape --- Traffic --- Waterways --- Infrastructure --- Development --- Urbanisme --- Voirie et réseaux divers --- Utilisation du sol --- Infrastructure. --- Regional planning --- Urbanization --- City planning --- Water and architecture. --- Land use --- Eau et architecture --- Aménagement du territoire --- Urbanisation --- Aménagement du territoire --- Environmental planning --- Sociology of environment --- comprehensive plans [reports] --- isotropy --- Water and architecture --- 71.039(460) --- Land --- Land utilization --- Use of land --- Utilization of land --- Economics --- Land cover --- Landscape assessment --- NIMBY syndrome --- Architecture and water --- Architecture --- Cities and towns --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- Cities and towns, Movement to --- Urban systems --- Social history --- Sociology, Rural --- Sociology, Urban --- Rural-urban migration --- Regional development --- State planning --- Human settlements --- Landscape protection --- Geschiedenis van de stedenbouw ; 2000 - 2050 ; Italië --- Government policy --- Management --- 72(210.5) --- 711.7 --- Waterhuishouding ; toegepaste hydrologie ; Veneto ; Venetië --- Stadsplanning ; 21ste eeuw ; Venetië --- Architectuur ; architectuur en water ; aan het water --- Stedenbouw. Ruimtelijke ordening ; verkeer en vervoer --- Mobilité résidentielle --- Voirie et réseaux divers

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In 2011, the Ethiopian government started the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile in Ethiopia. This large-scale hydropower project is planned to be completed in 2017. When it was initially announced, the GERD was labeled as a controversial project, mainly out of two reasons - the complicated water politics in the Nile Basin, and the negative perception of large dam projects. Past experiences have shown that large dam projects, such as the GERD, produce more adverse impact than benefits. Nevertheless, research has also pointed out that whether large dams would generate predominantly adverse impacts depends on the decision-making and the project planning processes. On the other side, the GERD tackled the complicated water politics in the Nile Basin. The Blue Nile is the main tributary of the Nile, and the crucial source of water for Sudan and Egypt. As the GERD was announced without consultation with Sudan and Egypt, the two downstream countries opposed the project greatly, up until March 2015, when the governments of Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt agreed on the GERD. In addition, the 'ownership' of the Nile water resources according to "Nile Water Agreement 1959" belong to Egypt and Sudan. At the moment, the new water treaty that enables all of the eleven riparian countries to use the Nile has not been signed by Egypt and Sudan. The thesis will research the GERD project and will ask the question: how this large-water infrastructure could benefit Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt? By now, three issues have been pointed out, which if unaccounted could possible cause adverse impacts. On local scale - the resettlement of 20.000 Ethiopians from the dam site, on national - the lack of strategy for domestic use of the energy produced by the GERD, and on international scale - the need to reassess the downstream impact of the GERD on the water infrastructures and agriculture in Sudan and Egypt. The thesis will research these issues more in-depth. In addition, the GERD's role in the future water politics and development in the Nile Basin will be discussed. Will the project inspire a common vision between the eleven co-basin countries, or will the states continue to pursue individual projects on the Nile? In order to research the GERD project and the water urbanism in the Nile Basin, the thesis will adopt a cross-disciplinary theoretical framework that employs knowledge from the disciplines of urbanism, development studies, and transboundary water politics. Furthermore, the research will present a historical overview of the human utilization of the Nile Basin, as well as a case study of the GERD that will be analyzed through the lens of the theoretical framework. In conclusion, the thesis will outline a set of proposals on how to deal with the local, national and international impacts, as well as an alternative model for future water urbanism in the Nile Basin.

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In the context of the big metropolitan cities, we are facing the result of an uncontrolled urbanization processes that were occurred together with an industrialization process adapted to the circumstances to the local and current global economy. This fact and process often led as a result a city with new leftovers or undefined spaces. Cities were developed by companies and entities that built following their economic desires: fast and density. This paper aims to tackle the possibilities and potential of the open spaces, importance of the understanding of this places for a new future redevelop of the city. It is aimed as well to analyze this opportunities in the case of São Paulo city. São Paulo is an unequal city. It is socially stratified and the city does not offer spaces of relation. The lack of open spaces and democratic open spaces affects the life of its citizens. There are challenges for the cities for the next years. The urban voids from the XX city reveals as opportunity places for the future of the city and its citizens. How can be this spaces be tackled in order to create a more democratic and environmentally resilience city? Which role do the landscape infrastructure play as well as the natural resources in this spaces? How can be the urban voids be designed for an open and democratic city? How can this spaces be the starting point of a new reverse process where the urbanization is thought based on an equal city?

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Open spaces are one of the goals promoting effective response and recovery planning for hazard prone urban areas. Earthquake is one among the many hazards that have taken place in different parts of the world. This come alongside other goals like the landscape, the infrastructure and retrofitted buildings. Open spaces, therefore, not only contribute to the quality of every day’s life in an urban life but also act as a second city housing the victims of earthquakes in prone zones. According to Hossain, the effectiveness and adaptability of an open space is based on the user’s movement patterns, land use, building density/capacity, open space distribution and the landscape morphology in relation to the specific open space. The functions of an open space during disasters are determined by its categorisation and scale. These spaces include the green spaces like parks, reserves, greenways and fingers and agricultural lands; public open spaces like squares, courtyards and streets; and private open spaces like gardens and smaller residential courtyards. This paper will be looking into the different street typologies, their characteristics and organisation/network within Kathmandu Valley and how it adapt and become resilient during and after an earthquake thus becoming a second city. This will be achieved through a theoretical framework and field study of the Newari street network and character during the different political eras and how it has been affected by the concept of urbanisation.