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The concluding volume of Francis Oakley's authoritative trilogy moves on to engage the political thinkers of the later Middle Ages, Renaissance, Age of Reformation and religious wars, and the era that produced the Divine Right Theory of Kingship. Oakley's ground-breaking study probes the continuities and discontinuities between medieval and early modern modes of political thinking and dwells at length on the roots and nature of those contract theories that sought to legitimate political authority by grounding it in the consent of the governed.

Kings and rulers --- Church and state --- Christianity and state --- Separation of church and state --- State and church --- State, The --- Czars (Kings and rulers) --- Kings and rulers, Primitive --- Monarchs --- Royalty --- Rulers --- Sovereigns --- Tsars --- Tzars --- Heads of state --- Queens --- History --- To 1699

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One might be surprised, astonished or indignant seeing men and women prostrating themselves in front of other men and other women. Or one might feel it is right to bow down before God, Allah, the saints, the Holy Virgin or the gods. Kings into Gods: How Prostration Shaped Eurasian Civilizations investigates the reasons why men prostrate themselves before deities or before powerful men. Through an in-depth historical and cultural analysis, this book highlights the connection between rituality and royalty within the Eurasian civilizations. The narrative and iconic documentation gathered and analyzed concerns the Greek and Roman world, the Mongolian civilization during the Middle Ages, the Hindu and Chinese civilizations, the Islamic civilization in India in the fourteenth century, the Mughal civilization and European civilization in the late Middle Ages. The different forms of the rituals in the courts of kings and emperors are tightly connected with the concept of royalty. The prostration is an act of humiliation of defeated enemies, a means to establish a abysmal distance between powerful elite and the people, a way of creating hierarchies within the elite itself.

Monarchy --- Kings and rulers --- Ritual. --- Rites and ceremonies. --- Communication and culture. --- Culture and communication --- Culture --- Ceremonies --- Cult --- Cultus --- Ecclesiastical rites and ceremonies --- Religious ceremonies --- Religious rites --- Rites of passage --- Traditions --- Ritualism --- Manners and customs --- Mysteries, Religious --- Ritual --- Liturgies --- Public worship --- Symbolism --- Worship --- Rites and ceremonies --- Czars (Kings and rulers) --- Kings and rulers, Primitive --- Monarchs --- Royalty --- Rulers --- Sovereigns --- Tsars --- Tzars --- Heads of state --- Queens --- History.

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Contested Monarchy reappraises the wide-ranging and lasting transformation of the Roman monarchy between the Principate and Late Antiquity. The book takes as its focus the century from Diocletian to Theodosius I (284-395), a period during which the stability of monarchical rule depended heavily on the emperor''s mobility, on collegial or dynastic rule, and on the military resolution of internal political crises. At the same time, profound religious changes modified the premises of political interaction and symbolic communication between the emperor and his subjects, and administrative and mili

Monarchy --- Emperors --- Christianity and politics --- Social change --- Monarchie --- Empereurs --- Christianisme et politique --- Changement social --- History. --- Histoire --- Rome --- History --- Kings and rulers. --- Politics and government --- Religion. --- Rois et souverains --- Politique et gouvernement --- Religion --- Kings and rulers --- Christianity and politics. --- Emperors. --- Monarchy. --- Political science. --- Social change. --- Monarchie. --- Late oudheid. --- 284-476. --- Rome (Empire). --- Czars (Emperors) --- Rulers --- Sovereigns --- Tsars --- Tzars --- Kingdom (Monarchy) --- Executive power --- Political science --- Royalists --- Europe --- Monarchy - Rome - History --- Emperors - Rome - History --- Christianity and politics - Rome - History --- Social change - Rome - History --- Rome - History - Empire, 284-476 --- Rome - Kings and rulers --- Rome - Politics and government - 284-476 --- Rome - Religion

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A study of the personal religion of King John, presenting a more complex picture of his actions and attitude.

Kings and rulers --- Religion and politics. --- Religious life --- John, --- Religion. --- Political science --- Politics, Practical --- Politics and religion --- Religion --- Religions --- Czars (Kings and rulers) --- Kings and rulers, Primitive --- Monarchs --- Royalty --- Rulers --- Sovereigns --- Tsars --- Tzars --- Heads of state --- Queens --- Religious aspects --- Political aspects --- John Lackland, --- Lackland, John, --- Johans Sanz Terre, --- Great Britain --- History --- Church history --- HISTORY / Medieval. --- King John. --- actions. --- attitude. --- authority. --- chapels. --- chaplains. --- church dispute. --- church. --- excommunication. --- faith. --- historical context. --- holy relics. --- interdict. --- masses. --- medieval church. --- medieval period. --- medieval rulers. --- medieval writers. --- memory. --- personal religion. --- religion. --- religious houses. --- reputation. --- royal religious activity. --- saints.

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This is the final volume in the series of commentaries on Ammianus' Res Gestae . The last book of Ammianus Marcellinus’ Res Gestae is the most important source for a momentous event in European history: the invasion of the Goths across the Danube border into the Roman Empire and the ensuing battle of Adrianople (378 CE), in which a Roman army was annihilated and the emperor Valens lost his life. Many contemporaries were of the opinion that this defeat heralded the decline of the Empire. Ammianus is sharply critical of the way Valens and his generals handled the military situation, but holds on to his belief in the permanence of Roma Aeterna , reminding his readers of earlier crises from which the Empire had recovered and pointing to the incompetence of the barbarians in siege craft.

Ammien Marcellin, --- Constance --- Julien, --- Ammianus Marcellinus. --- Langue --- Histotriographie --- Historiographie --- Rome --- Historiography. --- Historiography --- Ammianus, --- Ammianus (Marcellinus). --- Rerum gestarum libri (Ammianus Marcellinus). --- Rome (Empire). --- Historiographie. --- 284-476. --- Histoire --- History --- Emperors --- Biography --- History and criticism --- Biography. --- Ammianus Marcellinus, --- Valens, --- Valentinian --- textkritik. --- Criticism, Textual. --- Res gestae 18. --- Geschiedschrijving. --- Res gestae (Ammianus Marcellinus). --- Ammianus Marcellinus --- Ammien Marcellin. --- Valens --- Valentinian, --- Valentinien --- Ammianus . --- Valens (Römisches Reich, Kaiser). --- Valentinian (Römisches Reich, Kaiser, --- Motiv --- Kaiser --- Res gestae --- Valens (empereur romain) --- Valentinien (empereur romain ; 1) --- Res gestae. --- Römer --- Wassenaar <2006>. --- Rulers --- Sovereigns --- Heads of state --- Kings and rulers --- Monarchy --- Biography&delete& --- Flavius Valentinianus --- Valentinianus --- Valentiniano --- Flavio Valente, --- Valente, --- Rim --- Roman Empire --- Roman Republic (510-30 B.C.) --- Romi (Empire) --- Byzantine Empire --- Rome (Italy) --- 871 AMMIANUS MARCELLINUS --- 871 AMMIANUS MARCELLINUS Latijnse literatuur--AMMIANUS MARCELLINUS --- Latijnse literatuur--AMMIANUS MARCELLINUS --- Czars (Emperors) --- Tsars --- Tzars --- History and criticism. --- Œuvre --- --Livre XXI --- --Ammianus Marcellinus --- Empereurs --- Biographies --- Histoire et critique --- Congresses. --- Congrès --- Ammien Marcellin --- Constance II --- Histotriographie. --- Biography&delete&&delete& --- Adrianople, Battle of, Edirne, Turkey, 378 --- Historical criticism --- Authorship --- Adrianople, Battle of, 378 --- Hadrianopolis, Battle of, Edirne, Turkey, 378 --- Visigoths --- Criticism --- Adrianople, Battle of (Edirne, Turkey : 378) --- Adrianople, Battle of (Turkey : 378) --- Rerum gestarum libri (Ammianus Marcellinus) --- Ammiani Marcellini Rerum gestarum libri qui supersunt (Ammianus Marcellinus) --- Res gestae (Ammianus Marcellinus) --- 284-476 --- Empire, Period as (Rome) --- Rome (Empire) --- Turkey --- Roman Republic --- Italy --- 284 - 476 --- Ammianus Marcellinus - Rerum gestarum libri - Liber 18 --- Rome - History - Constantius II, 337-361 - Historiography --- Ammianus Marcellinus - Rerum gestarum libri --- Ammien Marcellin, 330-400 --- Rome - Historiography --- Ammianus Marcellinus. - Rerum gestarum libri. - Liber 24. --- Rome - History - Empire, 284-476 - Historiography. --- Rome - History - Empire, 284-476 - Historiography --- Emperors - Rome - Biography - History and criticism. --- Ammianus Marcellinus. - Rerum gestarum libri. - Liber 26-31 - Congresses. --- Valentinian - I, - Emperor of Rome, - 321-375 - Congresses. --- Valens, - Emperor of the East, - ca. 328-378 - Congresses. --- Rome - History - Empire, 284-476 - Historiography - Congresses. --- Ammianus Marcellinus. - Rerum gestarum libri. - Liber 26-31 --- Valentinian - I, - Emperor of Rome, - 321-375 --- Valens, - Emperor of the East, - ca. 328-378